Hans Hellmann

Hans Gustav Adolf Hellmann (14 October 1903 – 29 May 1938) was a German theoretical physicist.

Hans Gustav Adolf Hellmann
Hans Hellmann and his sister Greta. 1930
Born(1903-10-14)14 October 1903
Wilhelmshaven, German Empire
Died29 May 1938(1938-05-29) (aged 34)
Moscow, Soviet Union
Alma materUniversity of Stuttgart
University of Kiel
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry
Known forHellmann–Feynman theorem
Pseudopotential
Scientific career
InstitutionsLeibniz University Hannover
Doctoral advisorErich Regener

Biography

Hellmann was born in Wilhelmshaven, Prussian Hanover. He began studying electrical engineering in Stuttgart but changed to engineering physics after a semester. Hellmann also studied at the University of Kiel.

He received his diploma from the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry in Berlin for work on radioactive compounds under Otto Hahn and Lise Meitner. He received his Ph.D. at Stuttgart with Prof. Erich Regener for work on the decomposition of ozone.[1] Hellmann's future spouse Victoria Bernstein was the foster daughter of Regener. In 1929 Hellmann became an assistant professor at the Leibniz University Hannover.

After the Nazi rise to power, Hellmann was dismissed on 24 December 1933 as ‘undesirable’ because of his Jewish wife. He immigrated to the Soviet Union, taking up a position at the Karpov institute in Moscow working among other things on pseudopotentials. However, he was later denounced during the Great Purge, imprisoned on 10 May 1938 and executed in Butovo on 29 May. His son, Hans Hellmann, Jr., was only allowed to leave the former Soviet Union in 1991.

In science, his name is primarily associated with the Hellmann–Feynman theorem, as well as with one of the first-ever textbooks on quantum chemistry (‘Kvantovaya Khimiya’, 1937; translated into German as ‘Einfuehrung in die Quantenchemie’, Vienna, 1937).[2][3] He pioneered several approaches now commonplace in quantum chemistry, notably the use of pseudopotentials.

Notes
  1. Über das Auftreten von Ionen beim Zerfall von Ozon und die Ionisation der Stratosphäre. [The appearance of ions on the decomposition of ozone, and the ionization of the stratosphere (in German)] Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) [5. Folge] 2 (1929) 707-732 (doi:10.1002/andp.19293940607) [C. A. 24:23, CAN 24:239 / Sci. Abstr. A 33 (1930) 740 / C. 1929 II, 2418]
  2. Хельман, Г. (1937). Квантовая Химия. Главная Редакция Технико-Теоретической Литературы, Moscow and Leningrad.
  3. Hellmann, Hans (1937). Einführung in die Quantenchemie. Deuticke, Leipzig und Wien.

References


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