Harb (tribe)

Harb (Arabic: حرب) is a predominantly Arab tribe[1] in the Arabian peninsula. It is originally a Qahtanite tribe. Some sources on Arab tribes' genealogy state that the great-grandfather of the Harb tribe is Harb ibn Saad ibn Saad ibn Khawlan ibn Amr ibn Qadha'ah ibn Himyar ibn Qahtan.[2] Harb tribal lands extend from the Red Sea coast in Tihamah (Western Part of Saudi Arabia) to the heart of Najd in the central region of Saudi Arabia, and from North the Harbi lands extend from Madinah (a holy city for Muslims) to Al Qunfudhah in the south. The tribe's reach extends to other countries like Kuwait, Iraq, Bahrain and UAE.

Harb
حرب
Arab tribe
EthnicityArab
NisbaAl-Harbi
الحربي
LocationArabian Peninsula
Levant
Iraq
LanguageArabic
ReligionIslam

The Harb tribe dates to the 2nd century of the Islamic calendar. When Qahtani tribes emigrated from the south of Arabian Peninsula to Hejaz around 131 AH for water and land space after some battles with their cousins Banu Ar-Rabi'ah bin Saad. This caused several tribal conflicts with the native and mostly Adnani Arab tribes of Hejaz and Tihamah such as Juhaynah, Anazzah, Muzaynah, and Sulaym over land and water. After around three centuries in Hejaz, the Harb tribe became a dominant tribe in the heart of Hejaz with territories surrounding the holy city of Medina. Harb in the 21st century, like many other Arabian tribes, is a federation of tribes and families.

Many tribal members have migrated in recent decades to the three major metropolitan centers of Saudi Arabia: Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam.

Tribe Sections
Mahamid sergeant archived at the Imperial War Museum[3]

As of 2019, the Harb tribe had two main sections, Banu Salim and Masrooh:[4]

Masrooh
  • Banu Amro (Al-Amri).
  • Banu safar (Al-Safri).
    • Alfaraduh (Al-Fraidi).
    • Alwahub (Al-Wahbi).
    • Alfhaudah (Al-Fhaidi).
    • Alhsnan (Al-Haysoni).
  • Banu Ali (Al-Alawi).
  • Banu Awf (AlOufi, Al-lhilibi).
    • Alsawaid (Al-Saadi)
  • Zubaid (Al-Zubaidi).
  • Mukhallaf (Al-Mukhallafi).

Maymoon
  • Al-Ahamidah (Al-Ahmadi).
  • Arhelah (Al-Rehaili).
  • Wild Muhammad (Al-Muhammadi).
  • Subh "As-Subiih" (As-Subhi).
  • As-Surahah (As-Suraihi).
  • Al-Matalihah (Al-Matlahi).
  • Al-Gaydi (Al-Ga'ydi).
  • Al-Hayadirah (Al-Haidari).
  • Banu Yahya (Al-Yahyawi).
  • Al-Mawari'ah (Al-Muwarra'i).
  • Ar-Roothan (Ar-Ruwaithi).

Al-Marawihah
  • Muzaynah (Al-Muzaini).
    • Al-Nahaitah (Al-Naheet).
    • Al-bisharyah (Al-Bishri).
    • Al-Hawamilah (Al-Hawimili).
    • Al-Areemat (Al-Oraimah).
    • Al-Hisnan (Al-Hissni).
    • Al-Oanah (Al-Onni).
    • Al-Qussiyreen (Al-Qussiyri).
    • Al-Sarabitah (Al-Surbati).
    • Al-Habariyah (Al-Hubairi).
    • Al-Maraween (Al-Marwani).
    • Al-Hantam (Al-Hantami).
    • Al-Quba'ah (Al-Quba'i).
    • Al-Dubabeeq (Al-Dabbaqi).
    • Al-subahah (Al-sabeehi).
  • Al-Huraibiyah (Al-Huraibi).
  • Al-Dhawahrah (Al-Dhahiri).
  • Al-Balajiyah (Al-Ballaji).
  • Al-Hujalah (Al-Hujaili).
  • Al-Hawazim (Al-Hazmi).
  • Al-Hunaitat (Al-Hunaiti).
  • Al-Hananyah (Al-Hunaini).
  • Al -Raddadah (Al-Raddadi).

Harb tribe outside the Arabian Peninsula

Several branches of the Harb tribe are spread outside their homeland by origin, most notably the Mahamid[5] from the Muttalhah from Maymun from Banu Salem from Harb, as this tribe is widely spread in the Levant and some regions of Iraq and the Maghreb countries, as it formed an emirate in Jordan, specifically the Karak governorate, which was known as the Emirate of Mahamid And it ruled for a period of time prior to the alliance of tribes in Jordan over them and deterred their emirate, and there is a mountain in Jordan in the Ajloun governorate called Jabal Bani Awf[6] in reference to the Auf from Harb tribe.

And there is in Palestine in Beersheba a branch of the Harb tribe allied with the Azazma tribe.

They refer to themselves as the Mohammedans in relation to their grandfather Hamad bin Suleiman (in another narration Muhammad), and not to the Mahamid for lack of confusion due to the presence of their cousins from Mahamid Bani Salem who were in Jordan, specifically in its south at the time.

The Mahamid who are in Sudan and the countries of the Maghreb, who traveled with their alliance from the Bani Salim tribe, who neighboring and allied with it during their migration and travel to the north, and it is one of the largest tribes present there.

Traditions and Folklore

Harb Tribe has a very rich traditions and Folklore, tribe law, and folklore. Harbis practice several folkloric dances in their festivals, harvest celebrations -in the past and especially the Date Harvest-, and in Eids (Muslim Festivals). These Folkloric dances include, Khubaiti (Arabic: خبيتي), Bidwani (Arabic: بدواني), ḥirabi (Arabic: حرابي), Zaid (Arabic: زيد) Al-ʾarḍhah Al-ḥarbiyah (Arabic: العرضة الحربية), and Zeer (Arabic: زير).[7]

Notable people

Among the tribe's members are:

See also

References
  1. Atiq ibn Gayth Al-Biladi, (1984). Nasab Harb, Dar Makkah Publications, Mecca, pp. 19–20.
  2. al-Hamdani, al-Ḥasan (2004). Iklil. Vol. 1. Yemen: Al-Irshad Library. pp. 392–409.
  3. "Imperial War Museums". Imperial War Museums. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
  4. http://www.harb-tribe.org. Archived 2019-12-14 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Two Years In Amman. Al-Zirikli.
  6. "عجلون في العهد الأيوبي". التراث الثقافي الأردني غير المادي (in Arabic). 2016-12-28. Retrieved 2020-12-07.
  7. Al-Adab Al-Sha'bi fi Al-Hejaz (1982). Atiq ibn Ghayth Al-Biladi.
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