Hart Memorial Trophy

The Hart Memorial Trophy, originally known as the Hart Trophy, is an annual award for the most valuable player in the National Hockey League (NHL), voted by the members of the Professional Hockey Writers' Association. The original trophy was donated to the league in 1923 by David Hart, the father of Cecil Hart, the longtime head coach of the Montreal Canadiens. The Hart Trophy has been awarded 99 times to 61 different players since its beginnings in 1923–24.

Hart Memorial Trophy
SportIce hockey
Awarded forMost Valuable Player in regular season of the National Hockey League
History
First award1924
Most winsWayne Gretzky (9)
Most recentConnor McDavid
Edmonton Oilers

History
The first winner of the original trophy, Frank Nighbor[1]
Elmer Lach with the original trophy in 1945

The Hart Memorial Trophy is named in honour of Canadian Dr. David Hart. Dr. Hart, who donated the original trophy to the NHL, was the father of Cecil Hart, a former Coach and General Manager of the Montreal Canadiens. The trophy was first awarded at the conclusion of the 1923–24 NHL season to Frank Nighbor of the original Ottawa Senators. The original Hart Trophy was retired to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1960, and the NHL began presenting a new trophy, which was dubbed the Hart Memorial Trophy in its place.[2] With the exceptions of Tommy Anderson, Al Rollins, and Jose Theodore, every eligible player who won the Hart Trophy has been inducted into the Hall of Fame.

Wayne Gretzky won the award a record nine times during his career, eight consecutively. He has been named MVP more times than any player in the history of the other three North American major professional leagues (Major League Baseball (MLB), National Basketball Association, and National Football League). Barry Bonds is second, having won the MVP award seven times in the National League of Major League Baseball (The American League also awards an MVP), although until the 1930s baseball players were only permitted to win the award one time which limited the number of times Babe Ruth could win. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar won the NBA MVP award six times, and before Gretzky, Gordie Howe held the record for the NHL having won the Hart 6 times. Gretzky and his Edmonton Oilers teammate Mark Messier are the only players to win the Hart Trophy with more than one team.[3] Michael Jordan won the NBA MVP award 5 times. Peyton Manning won the NFL MVP 5 times. Only 5 players have won as many as 3: Jim Brown, Johnny Unitas, Brett Favre, Tom Brady, Aaron Rodgers.

There have only ever been two unanimous MVP wins. That being Wayne Gretzky during the 1981–1982 NHL season and Connor McDavid during the 2020–2021 NHL season.[4][5]

Players from the Montreal Canadiens have won the award seventeen times; players from the Boston Bruins are second with thirteen winners. Joe Thornton became the only Hart Trophy winner to have switched clubs during his winning campaign during the 2005–06 season, having played for both the Bruins and San Jose Sharks that year. The defenseman with the most trophy victories is Eddie Shore, who has four. By contrast, it is rare for a goaltender to win the award, which has happened only eight times in its history by 7 different goaltenders; Buffalo Sabres goaltender Dominik Hasek is the only two-time winner.

The voting is conducted at the end of the regular season by members of the Professional Hockey Writers' Association, and each individual voter ranks their top five candidates on a 10-7-5-3-1 point(s) system.[6] Three finalists are named and the trophy is awarded at the NHL Awards ceremony after the playoffs. The closest the voting for the Hart Trophy has ever come was in the 2001–02 season, when Jose Theodore and Jarome Iginla tied in the total voting. The tiebreaker for choosing the Hart Trophy winner in such a case is number of first-place votes: Theodore claimed it, who had 86 first-place votes to Iginla's 82.[7]

In 2008, the NHL's official online shop came under criticism after they placed a T-shirt advertising Alexander Ovechkin as the award winner on sale a week before the results were revealed. A spokesperson for the league said "in an effort to offer our fans the merchandise they want in a timely manner following an event such as the NHL Awards, our licensees prepare product for all possible outcomes. In this situation, the link for one of the possible products became live early through an error by our e-commerce provider."[8] Ovechkin was later confirmed to be the winner.

Winners
Nels Stewart, two-time winner
Bobby Clarke, three-time winner
Wayne Gretzky, record nine-time winner
Mario Lemieux, three-time winner
Sergei Fedorov, first European trained player to win it, one-time winner
Alexander Ovechkin, three-time winner
Sidney Crosby, two-time winner
Joe Thornton, the only player to switch clubs during his winning season, one-time winner
Connor McDavid, three-time winner
^ Denotes player who is still active in the NHL
* Denotes player inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame
~ Denotes inactive player not yet eligible for Hockey Hall of Fame consideration
† Denotes player whose team won the Stanley Cup that year
Player (X) Denotes the number of times the player had won the Hart Trophy at that time
Team (X) Denotes the number of times a player from this team had won at that time
Season Player Position Nationality Team
1923–24 Frank Nighbor* Centre  Canada Ottawa Senators
1924–25 Billy Burch* Centre  Canada[lower-alpha 1] Hamilton Tigers
1925–26† Nels Stewart* Centre  Canada Montreal Maroons
1926–27 Herb Gardiner* Defenceman  Canada Montreal Canadiens
1927–28 Howie Morenz* Centre  Canada Montreal Canadiens (2)
1928–29 Roy Worters* Goaltender  Canada New York Americans
1929–30 Nels Stewart* (2) Centre  Canada Montreal Maroons (2)
1930–31† Howie Morenz* (2) Centre  Canada Montreal Canadiens (3)
1931–32 Howie Morenz* (3) Centre  Canada Montreal Canadiens (4)
1932–33 Eddie Shore* Defenceman  Canada Boston Bruins
1933–34 Aurele Joliat* Left wing  Canada Montreal Canadiens (5)
1934–35 Eddie Shore* (2) Defenceman  Canada Boston Bruins (2)
1935–36 Eddie Shore* (3) Defenceman  Canada Boston Bruins (3)
1936–37 Babe Siebert* Defenceman  Canada Montreal Canadiens (6)
1937–38 Eddie Shore* (4) Defenceman  Canada Boston Bruins (4)
1938–39 Toe Blake* Left wing  Canada Montreal Canadiens (7)
1939–40 Ebbie Goodfellow* Defenceman  Canada Detroit Red Wings
1940–41† Bill Cowley* Centre  Canada Boston Bruins (5)
1941–42 Tommy Anderson Defenceman  Canada[lower-alpha 2] Brooklyn Americans
1942–43 Bill Cowley* (2) Centre  Canada Boston Bruins (6)
1943–44 Babe Pratt* Defenceman  Canada Toronto Maple Leafs
1944–45 Elmer Lach* Centre  Canada Montreal Canadiens (8)
1945–46 Max Bentley* Centre  Canada Chicago Black Hawks
1946–47 Maurice Richard* Right wing  Canada Montreal Canadiens (9)
1947–48 Buddy O'Connor* Centre  Canada New York Rangers
1948–49 Sid Abel* Centre  Canada Detroit Red Wings (2)
1949–50 Chuck Rayner* Goaltender  Canada New York Rangers (2)
1950–51 Milt Schmidt* Centre  Canada Boston Bruins (7)
1951–52† Gordie Howe* Right wing  Canada Detroit Red Wings (3)
1952–53 Gordie Howe* (2) Right wing  Canada Detroit Red Wings (4)
1953–54 Al Rollins Goaltender  Canada Chicago Black Hawks (2)
1954–55 Ted Kennedy* Centre  Canada Toronto Maple Leafs (2)
1955–56† Jean Beliveau* Centre  Canada Montreal Canadiens (10)
1956–57 Gordie Howe* (3) Right wing  Canada Detroit Red Wings (5)
1957–58 Gordie Howe* (4) Right wing  Canada Detroit Red Wings (6)
1958–59 Andy Bathgate* Right wing  Canada New York Rangers (3)
1959–60 Gordie Howe* (5) Right wing  Canada Detroit Red Wings (7)
1960–61 Bernie Geoffrion* Right wing  Canada Montreal Canadiens (11)
1961–62 Jacques Plante* Goaltender  Canada Montreal Canadiens (12)
1962–63 Gordie Howe* (6) Right wing  Canada Detroit Red Wings (8)
1963–64 Jean Beliveau* (2) Centre  Canada Montreal Canadiens (13)
1964–65 Bobby Hull* Left wing  Canada Chicago Black Hawks (3)
1965–66 Bobby Hull* (2) Left wing  Canada Chicago Black Hawks (4)
1966–67 Stan Mikita* Centre  Canada[lower-alpha 3] Chicago Black Hawks (5)
1967–68 Stan Mikita* (2) Centre  Canada Chicago Black Hawks (6)
1968–69 Phil Esposito* Centre  Canada Boston Bruins (8)
1969–70† Bobby Orr* Defenceman  Canada Boston Bruins (9)
1970–71 Bobby Orr* (2) Defenceman  Canada Boston Bruins (10)
1971–72† Bobby Orr* (3) Defenceman  Canada Boston Bruins (11)
1972–73 Bobby Clarke* Centre  Canada Philadelphia Flyers
1973–74 Phil Esposito* (2) Centre  Canada Boston Bruins (12)
1974–75† Bobby Clarke* (2) Centre  Canada Philadelphia Flyers (2)
1975–76 Bobby Clarke* (3) Centre  Canada Philadelphia Flyers (3)
1976–77† Guy Lafleur* Right wing  Canada Montreal Canadiens (14)
1977–78† Guy Lafleur* (2) Right wing  Canada Montreal Canadiens (15)
1978–79 Bryan Trottier* Centre  Canada[lower-alpha 4] New York Islanders
1979–80 Wayne Gretzky* Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers
1980–81 Wayne Gretzky* (2) Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (2)
1981–82 Wayne Gretzky* (3) Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (3)
1982–83 Wayne Gretzky* (4) Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (4)
1983–84† Wayne Gretzky* (5) Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (5)
1984–85† Wayne Gretzky* (6) Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (6)
1985–86 Wayne Gretzky* (7) Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (7)
1986–87† Wayne Gretzky* (8) Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (8)
1987–88 Mario Lemieux* Centre  Canada Pittsburgh Penguins
1988–89 Wayne Gretzky* (9) Centre  Canada Los Angeles Kings
1989–90† Mark Messier* Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (9)
1990–91 Brett Hull* Right wing  United States[lower-alpha 5] St. Louis Blues
1991–92 Mark Messier* (2) Centre  Canada New York Rangers (4)
1992–93 Mario Lemieux* (2) Centre  Canada Pittsburgh Penguins (2)
1993–94 Sergei Fedorov* Centre  Russia Detroit Red Wings (9)
1994–95 Eric Lindros* Centre  Canada Philadelphia Flyers (4)
1995–96 Mario Lemieux* (3) Centre  Canada Pittsburgh Penguins (3)
1996–97 Dominik Hasek* Goaltender  Czech Republic Buffalo Sabres
1997–98 Dominik Hasek* (2) Goaltender  Czech Republic Buffalo Sabres (2)
1998–99 Jaromir Jagr~ Right wing  Czech Republic Pittsburgh Penguins (4)
1999–2000 Chris Pronger* Defenceman  Canada St. Louis Blues (2)
2000–01† Joe Sakic* Centre  Canada Colorado Avalanche
2001–02 Jose Theodore Goaltender  Canada Montreal Canadiens (16)
2002–03 Peter Forsberg* Centre  Sweden Colorado Avalanche (2)
2003–04† Martin St. Louis* Right wing  Canada Tampa Bay Lightning
2004–05 Season cancelled due to the 2004–05 NHL lockout
2005–06 Joe Thornton^ Centre  Canada Boston Bruins (13) / San Jose Sharks[lower-alpha 6]
2006–07 Sidney Crosby^ Centre  Canada Pittsburgh Penguins (5)
2007–08 Alexander Ovechkin^ Left wing  Russia Washington Capitals
2008–09 Alexander Ovechkin^ (2) Left wing  Russia Washington Capitals (2)
2009–10 Henrik Sedin* Centre  Sweden Vancouver Canucks
2010–11 Corey Perry^ Right wing  Canada Anaheim Ducks
2011–12 Evgeni Malkin^ Centre  Russia Pittsburgh Penguins (6)
2012–13 Alexander Ovechkin^ (3) Right wing  Russia Washington Capitals (3)
2013–14 Sidney Crosby^ (2) Centre  Canada Pittsburgh Penguins (7)
2014–15 Carey Price^ Goaltender  Canada Montreal Canadiens (17)
2015–16 Patrick Kane^ Right wing  United States Chicago Blackhawks (7)
2016–17 Connor McDavid^ Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (10)
2017–18 Taylor Hall^ Left wing  Canada New Jersey Devils
2018–19 Nikita Kucherov^ Right wing  Russia Tampa Bay Lightning (2)
2019–20 Leon Draisaitl^ Centre  Germany Edmonton Oilers (11)
2020–21 Connor McDavid^ (2) Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (12)
2021–22 Auston Matthews^ Centre  United States Toronto Maple Leafs (3)
2022–23 Connor McDavid^ (3) Centre  Canada Edmonton Oilers (13)

Multi-time winners
AwardsPlayerTeam(s)Years
9Wayne GretzkyEdmonton Oilers (8) / Los Angeles Kings (1)1979–80, 1980–81, 1981–82, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1988–89
6Gordie HoweDetroit Red Wings1951–52, 1952–53, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1959–60, 1962–63
4Eddie ShoreBoston Bruins1932–33, 1934–35, 1935–36, 1937–38
3Howie MorenzMontreal Canadiens1927–28, 1930–31, 1931–32
Bobby OrrBoston Bruins1969–70, 1970–71, 1971–72
Bobby ClarkePhiladelphia Flyers1972–73, 1974–75, 1975–76
Mario LemieuxPittsburgh Penguins1987–88, 1992–93, 1995–96
Alexander OvechkinWashington Capitals2007–08, 2008–09, 2012–13
Connor McDavidEdmonton Oilers2016–17, 2020–21, 2022–23
2Nels StewartMontreal Maroons1925–26, 1929–30
Bill CowleyBoston Bruins1940–41, 1942–43
Jean BeliveauMontreal Canadiens1955–56, 1963–64
Bobby HullChicago Blackhawks1964–65, 1965–66
Stan MikitaChicago Blackhawks1966–67, 1967–68
Phil EspositoBoston Bruins1968–69, 1973–74
Guy LafleurMontreal Canadiens1976–77, 1977–78
Mark MessierEdmonton Oilers (1) / New York Rangers (1)1989–90, 1991–92
Dominik HasekBuffalo Sabres1996–97, 1997–98
Sidney CrosbyPittsburgh Penguins2006–07, 2013–14

Teams
AwardsTeamsYears
17 Montreal Canadiens 1926–27, 1927–28, 1930–31, 1931–32, 1933–34, 1936–37, 1938–39, 1944–45, 1946–47, 1955–56, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1963–64, 1976–77, 1977–78, 2001–02, 2014–15
13 Edmonton Oilers 1979–80, 1980–81, 1981–82, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1989–90, 2016–17, 2019–20, 2020–21, 2022-23
12 Boston Bruins 1932–33, 1934–35, 1935–36, 1937–38, 1940–41, 1942–43, 1950–51, 1968–69, 1969–70, 1970–71, 1971–72, 1973–74
9 Detroit Red Wings 1939–40, 1948–49, 1951–52, 1952–53, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1959–60, 1962–63, 1993–94
7 Chicago Blackhawks 1945–46, 1953–54, 1964–65, 1965–66, 1966–67, 1967–68, 2015–16
Pittsburgh Penguins 1987–88, 1992–93, 1995–96, 1998–99, 2006–07, 2011–12, 2013–14
4 New York Rangers 1947–48, 1949–50, 1958–59, 1991–92
Philadelphia Flyers 1972–73, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1994–95
3 Toronto Maple Leafs 1943–44, 1954–55, 2021–22
Washington Capitals 2007–08, 2008–09, 2012–13
2 Montreal Maroons 1925–26, 1929–30
New York Americans 1928–29, 1941–42
St. Louis Blues 1990–91, 1999–2000
Buffalo Sabres 1996–97, 1997–98
Colorado Avalanche 2000–01, 2002–03
Tampa Bay Lightning 2003–04, 2018–19
1 Ottawa Senators (original) 1923–24
Hamilton Tigers 1924–25
New York Islanders 1978–79
Los Angeles Kings 1988–89
San Jose Sharks 2005–06
Vancouver Canucks 2009–10
Anaheim Ducks 2010–11
New Jersey Devils 2017–18
0 Arizona Coyotes None
Calgary Flames
Carolina Hurricanes
Columbus Blue Jackets
Dallas Stars
Florida Panthers
Minnesota Wild
Nashville Predators
Ottawa Senators (current)
Seattle Kraken
Vegas Golden Knights
Winnipeg Jets

See also

Notes
  1. Bill Burch, who was born in the United States, was raised in Canada.
  2. Tommy Anderson, who was born in the United Kingdom, was raised in Canada.
  3. Stan Mikita, who was born in the Slovak Republic, was partially raised in Canada.
  4. Bryan Trottier, who was born and raised in Canada, became a dual Canadian–United States citizen in 1984.
  5. Brett Hull, who was born in Canada, was partially raised in the United States.
  6. The 2005–06 winner, Joe Thornton, was traded from the Boston Bruins to the San Jose Sharks mid-season. To date, he is the only winner to have played for multiple teams during his winning season.

References
General
  • "Hart Memorial Trophy". National Hockey League. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
  • Hockey Hall of Fame. "Legends of Hockey - NHL Trophies - Hart Memorial Trophy". Legends of Hockey. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
  • "NHL Hart Memorial Trophy Winners". Hockey Reference. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  • Hollander, Zander; Bock, Hal, eds. (1970). The Complete Encyclopedia of Ice Hockey. Prentice-Hall Inc. ISBN 0-13-159905-4.
Specific
  1. "Hart Memorial Trophy". Official website of Hockey Hall of Fame. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  2. Hollander & Bock 1970, p. 311.
  3. "99 Reasons Why Wayne Gretzky is "The Great One"". National Hockey League. Retrieved January 1, 2012.
  4. "McDavid of Oilers wins Hart Trophy as NHL most valuable player". NHL.com. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
  5. "Connor McDavid is the second unanimous winner of the NHL's MVP award in league history. It's a very rare accomplishment in sports". RMNB. 2021-06-30. Retrieved 2023-05-03.
  6. Dolezar, Jon (April 20, 2003). "Foppa shows the most Hart". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on 2007-12-05. Retrieved August 4, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  7. "Hart Memorial Trophy". National Hockey League. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
  8. "Did NHL Shop Reveal Ovechkin as Hart Winner?". The Sports Network. June 6, 2008. Archived from the original on 2008-06-10. Retrieved August 4, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

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