Hayal

Hayal (Turkish: Illusion) was one of the satirical periodicals established and published by the Ottoman Greek journalist Theodoros Kasapis. The magazine was published in Istanbul between 1873 and 1877 with some interruptions. Kasapis had to leave the Ottoman Empire in 1877 and continued to publish Hayal first in Paris and then in London until 1895.

Hayal
EditorTheodoros Kasapis
CategoriesSatirical magazine
FounderTheodoros Kasapis
Founded1875
First issue30 October 1875
Final issue1895
Country
Based in
LanguageTurkish

History and profile

Hayal was initiated by Theodoros Kasapis, and its first issue appeared on 30 October 1873.[1] The magazine had four editions.[1] Its Greek edition was named as O Mauoç’u, and its French edition was titled as Polichinelle.[1] Kheyal was its Turkish edition with the Armenian letters which produced 10 issues.[1] Hayal also had a Bulgarian edition first named as Şutos and then Kosturka.[1] Hayal was the first Ottoman satirical magazine which employed editorial cartoons produced by Nisan Berberyan.[2] Kasapis's aim in using these cartoons was to reinforce the views expressed in his editorials.[2]

Throughout its existence Hayal was banned by the Ottoman authorities many times.[1] The magazine permanently folded by the government on 19 June 1877 after the issue 323 due to its critical cartoons.[3][4] Theodoros Kasapis went into exile shortly after the closure of Hayal[3] and restarted the magazine in Paris in 1878.[2] Hayal moved to London where it appeared until 1895.[2]

References
  1. Volkan Kahyalar (19 March 2023). "Gazeteci Teodor Kasap'ın inanılmaz ama gerçek hikâyesi". Journo (in Turkish). Retrieved 14 June 2023.
  2. Aslı Tunç. Beyond the line: The situation of editorial cartoonists as a press freedom issue in post-1980 Turkey (PhD thesis). Temple University. p. 60. ProQuest 304630926.
  3. Efrat E. Aviv (2013). "Cartoons in Turkey – From Abdülhamid to Erdoğan". Middle Eastern Studies. 49 (2): 223. doi:10.1080/00263206.2012.759101.
  4. Furkan Bayrak (December 2019). "İlk Türkçe Karikatür Mizah Dergilerimiz". Yeni Ufuk Dergisi (in Turkish). Retrieved 14 June 2023.
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