Helos

36°50′36″N 22°36′27″E Helos (Ancient Greek: τὸ Ἕλος, meaning "marshland" or "swamp"), also Hele (Ἕλη), was a town of ancient Laconia, situated east of the mouth of the Eurotas, close to the sea, in a plain which, though marshy near the coast, is described by Polybius as the most fertile part of Laconia.[1] In the earliest times it appears to have been the chief town on the coast, as Amyclae was in the interior; for these two places are mentioned together by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad.[2][3] Helos is said to have been founded by Heleius, the youngest son of Perseus. On its conquest by the Dorians its inhabitants were reduced to slavery; and, according to a common opinion in antiquity, their name became the general designation of the Spartan bondsmen, helots, but the name of these slaves (εἵλωτες) probably signified captives, and was derived from the root of ἑλεῖν.[4] In the time of Strabo Helos was only a village; and when it was visited by Pausanias, it was in ruins.[5][6] Helos is also mentioned by Thucydides,[7] Xenophon,[8] and Stephanus of Byzantium.[9]

For the town of ancient Elis, see Helos (Elis). For the town of ancient Ionia, see Helos (Ionia).

It is tentatively located at a site called Agios Stephanos, in the modern community of Elos.[10][11]

References
  1. Polybius. The Histories. Vol. 5.19.
  2. Homer. Iliad. Vol. 2.584.
  3. Homeric Hymn to Apollo 410.
  4. Pausanias (1918). "20.6". Description of Greece. Vol. 3. Translated by W. H. S. Jones; H. A. Ormerod. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann – via Perseus Digital Library.: the account differs a little in Strabo. Geographica. Vol. viii. p.365. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
  5. Strabo. Geographica. Vol. viii. p.363. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
  6. Pausanias (1918). "22.3". Description of Greece. Vol. 3. Translated by W. H. S. Jones; H. A. Ormerod. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann – via Perseus Digital Library.
  7. Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. Vol. 4.54.
  8. Xenophon. Hellenica. Vol. 6.5.32.
  9. Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. Vol. s.v.
  10. Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
  11. Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. p. 58, and directory notes accompanying.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Helos". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.


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