Helena Born

Helena Born was raised in an affluent family near Bristol, England. She attended a girls' academy and her family restricted her from learning a trade or advancing to university study. Her family supplied Born with an income such that she did not need to work, but Born additionally chose not to participate in the gentry.[1] Born collected labor and women's rights newspaper articles in her youth and later joined the feminist organization Bristol Women's Liberal Association in her twenties.[2] Born and her friend, Miriam Daniell, joined the British socialist movement and moved into a Bristol working class neighborhood. Born became the secretary of the Bristol Gas Workers and General Laborers Union. Born supported their 1889 strike with fundraising, picketing, and speeches. She attempted to organize local seamstresses unsuccessfully. In 1890, she and Daniell emigrated to the United States.[3]

Born changed her focus in America. Whereas she was politically active in Britain, she did not participate in American politics, and instead focused on living a principled, feminist life. She found that these principles overlapped with that of the Boston anarchists, which provided a theoretical basis for her goals. In seeking to live a life of feminist practice, she forwent her family's passive income and took up typesetting. Born believed that her most useful political activism was her personal commitment to noncooperation with repressive social institutions. To further extricate herself from these norms, she and Daniell built a house on a California commune, where they hoped to stay indefinitely. The house, however, was soon destroyed, and Daniell died in 1894. Born traveled back to Boston, where she opened a restaurant with her lover William Bailie. Though Bailie was married, they did not hide their relationship.[4] Born died of uterine or cervical cancer in 1901.[5]