Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle

Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne, KG, PC (24 June 1630 – 26 July 1691), styled Lord Henry Cavendish until 1659 and Viscount Mansfield from 1659 to 1676, was an English politician. He sat in the House of Commons from 1660 until 1676, when he inherited the dukedom.[1]

Henry Cavendish

KG, PC
Portrait attributed to Mary Beale
2nd Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne
Tenure1676–1691
PredecessorWilliam Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle
Born24 June 1630
Died26 July 1691
Noble familyCavendish
Spouse(s)Frances Pierrepont
IssueElizabeth Monck, Duchess of Albemarle
Lady Frances Cavendish
Margaret Holles, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Henry Cavendish, Earl of Ogle
Lady Catherine Cavendish
Lady Arabella Cavendish
FatherWilliam Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle
MotherElizabeth Basset

Life and career

Cavendish was the only surviving son of William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle, and his first wife, Elizabeth Basset.[1] His maternal grandparents were William Basset and Judith Austen, daughter of Thomas Austen.

After the Restoration of the Monarchy, he was appointed Master of the Robes (June 1660–62) and a Gentleman of the Bedchamber (1662–68). In April 1660, Lord Mansfield was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Derbyshire in the Convention Parliament. He was elected MP for Northumberland in 1661 for the Cavalier Parliament.[2]

In 1676, he inherited the title of Duke of Newcastle and the family seats of Welbeck Abbey, Bolsover Castle and Nottingham Castle on the death of his father and was invested a Knight of the Garter in 1677. He died in 1691, leaving no surviving male heir, and thus the dukedom became extinct. Welbeck Abbey and other East Midlands estates passed to his favourite daughter Margaret, who had married John Holles, for whom the dukedom was recreated in 1694. The bequest was unsuccessfully contested by Cavendish's other daughters.[3]

The department of Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham, holds a number of papers relating to the 2nd Duke of Newcastle – the Cavendish Papers (Pw 1), part of the Portland (Welbeck) Collection, includes some of his personal papers; and the Newcastle (Clumber) Collection (Ne) includes estate papers and family settlements from the time of the 2nd Duke.

Marriage and issue
Frances Pierrepont, Duchess of Newcastle, by Mary Beale
Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, in the 17th century

In 1652, Henry married Frances Pierrepont (b. 1 September 1630 in Thoresby, Nottinghamshire, d. 23 September 1695 in London), daughter of The Hon. William Pierrepont (who was the son of Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull), and they had six children:

References
  1. "Cavendish, Henry, second duke of Newcastle upon Tyne (1630–1691), politician". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/40627. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 8 February 2021. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. "CAVENDISH, Henry, Visct. Mansfield (1630-91), of Bolsover, Derbys. and Welbeck Abbey, Notts". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  3. "Biography of John Holles, 3rd Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne and 4th Earl of Clare (1662-1711)". University of Nottingham. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  4. Collins, Arthur, Peerage of England, Volume 4, London, 1756, p.186]
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