Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis

Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis (HPP) is an autosomal recessive form of hemolytic anemia characterized by an abnormal sensitivity of red blood cells to heat and erythrocyte morphology similar to that seen in thermal burns or from prolonged exposure of a healthy patient's blood sample to high ambient temperatures. Patients with HPP tend to experience severe hemolysis and anemia in infancy that gradually improves, evolving toward typical elliptocytosis later in life. However, the hemolysis can lead to rapid sequestration and destruction of red cells. Splenectomy is curative when this occurs.

Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis
Other namesPyropoikilocytosis hereditary [1]
Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis is autosomal recessive
SpecialtyHematology

HPP has been associated with a defect of the erythrocyte membrane protein spectrin and with spectrin deficiency. It was characterized in 1975.[2] It is considered a severe form of hereditary elliptocytosis.[3]

Causes

Mutations of the alphaspectrin gene causes this disease.[4] HPP can be considered as a subset of hereditary elliptocytosis.[5]

Diagnosis

Genetic testing for the presence of mutations in protein molecules is considered to be a confirmatory testing technique. It is important to know the risks regarding the transmission and dangers of HPP.[6]

Treatment

Splenectomy is a possible treatment

See also

References
  1. "Pyropoikilocytosis hereditary | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program". rarediseases.info.nih.gov. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
  2. Zarkowsky HS, Mohandas N, Speaker CB, Shohet SB (1975). "A congenital haemolytic anaemia with thermal sensitivity of the erythrocyte membrane". Br J Haematol. 29 (4): 537–43. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.1975.tb02740.x. PMID 1191563. S2CID 27274147.
  3. King MJ, Jepson MA, Guest A, Mushens R (April 2011). "Detection of hereditary pyropoikilocytosis by the eosin-5-maleimide (EMA)-binding test is attributable to a marked reduction in EMA-reactive transmembrane proteins". International Journal of Laboratory Hematology. 33 (2): 205–11. doi:10.1111/j.1751-553X.2010.01270.x. PMID 21054813. S2CID 12444573.
  4. "Pyropoikilocytosis, Hereditary disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials". Archived from the original on 2015-01-10. Retrieved 2015-01-06.
  5. "OMIM Entry - # 266140 - PYROPOIKILOCYTOSIS, HEREDITARY; HPP". Omim.org. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
  6. "Final Diagnosis -- Case 623". Path.upmc.edu. Retrieved 9 July 2018.


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