Hexabothriidae

Hexabothriidae is a family of monogenean parasites. The family name was proposed by Emmett W. Price in 1942.[1] The family includes 14-16 genera according to authors [2][3] and about 60 species; all are parasitic on the gills of chondrichthyan fishes (rays, sharks and chimaeras).[3][4]

Hexabothriidae
Protocotyle euzetmaillardi
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Platyhelminthes
Class:
Monogenea
Order:
Diclybothriidea
Family:
Hexabothriidae

Price, 1942 [1]
Genera

See text

Studies on phylogeny of monogeneans based on morphology,[5] molecules [6] or spermatozoa [7] suggest that the Hexabothriidae are a basal group within the Polyopisthocotylea.

Genera
According to the World Register of Marine Species [8]
  • Branchotenthes Bullard & Dippenaar, 2003 [9]
  • Callorhynchocotyle Suriano & Incorvaia, 1982 [10]
  • Dasyoncocotyle Hargis, 1955 [11]
  • Epicotyle Euzet & Maillard, 1974 [4]
  • Erpocotyle Van Beneden & Hesse, 1863 [12][13][14]
  • Heteronchocotyle Brooks, 1934 [15]
  • Hexabothrium von Nordmann, 1840 [16]
  • Mobulicola Patella & Bullard, 2013 [2]
  • Neonchocotyle Ktari & Maillard, 1972 [17]
  • Paraheteronchocotyle Mayes, Brooks & Thorson, 1981 [18] (omitted in WoRMS [8] but considered valid [3])
  • Pristonchocotyle Watson & Thorsen, 1976 [19]
  • Protocotyle Euzet & Maillard, 1974 [4] (example: Protocotyle euzetmaillardi)
  • Pseudohexabothrium Brinkmann, 1952 [20]
  • Rajonchocotyle Cerfontaine, 1899 [21]
  • Rhinobatonchocotyle Doran, 1953 [22]
  • Squalonchocotyle Cerfontaine, 1899 [21][23]

References
  1. Price, E. W. 1942: North American monogenetic trematodes. V. The family Hexabothriidae n. n. (Polystomatoidea). Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 9, 39-56. PDF of entire volume open access
  2. Patella, Raquel; Bullard, Stephen A. (2013). "Hexabothriids of Devil Rays (Mobulidae): New genus and species from gill of Mobula hypostoma in the Northern Gulf of Mexico and redescription of a congener from Mobula rochebrunei in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean". Journal of Parasitology. 99 (5): 856–867. doi:10.1645/12-153.1. ISSN 0022-3395. PMID 23641805. S2CID 42889782.
  3. Vaughan, D.; Christison, K. (2012). "Towards addressing the current state of confusion within the Hexabothriidae Price, 1942 (1908) Callorhynchocotyle Suriano & Incorvaia, 1982 (Monogenea: Hexabothriidae) re-visited, with the preliminary evaluation of novel parameters for measuring haptoral armature of hexabothriids". Zootaxa. 3229: 1–34. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3229.1.1.
  4. Euzet, Louis & Maillard, Claude, 1974: Les Monogènes Hexabothriidae Price, 1942. Historique, systématique, phylogenèse. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 3° série, 206, Zoologie 136, 113-141. open access
  5. Boeger, W. A., & Kritsky, D. C. (2001). Phylogenetic relationships of the Monogenoidea. In D. T. J. Littlewood & R. A. Bray (Eds.), Interrelationships of the Platyhelminthes (pp. 92-102). London & New York: Taylor and Francis
  6. Jovelin, Richard; Justine, Jean-Lou (2001). "Phylogenetic relationships within the polyopisthocotylean monogeneans (Platyhelminthes) inferred from partial 28S rDNA sequences". International Journal for Parasitology. 31 (4): 393–401. doi:10.1016/S0020-7519(01)00114-X. ISSN 0020-7519. PMID 11306118.
  7. Justine, Jean-Lou; Poddubnaya, Larisa G. (2018). "Spermiogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure in basal polyopisthocotylean monogeneans, Hexabothriidae and Chimaericolidae, and their significance for the phylogeny of the Monogenea". Parasite. 25: 7. doi:10.1051/parasite/2018007. ISSN 1776-1042. PMC 5811217. PMID 29436366. open access
  8. Bray, R. (2004). WoRMS (2015). Hexabothriidae Price, 1942. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at on 2015-12-04
  9. Bullard, Stephen A.; Dippenaar, Susan M. (2003). "Branchotenthes robinoverstreeti n. gen. and n. sp. (Monogenea: Hexabothriidae) from gill filaments of the bowmouth guitarfish, Rhina ancylostoma (Rhynchobatidae), in the Indian Ocean". Journal of Parasitology. 89 (3): 595–601. doi:10.1645/0022-3395(2003)089[0595:BRNGAN]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0022-3395. PMID 12880262. S2CID 21951837.
  10. Suriano, D. M. & Incorvaia, I. S. 1982: Sistematica y biologia de Callorhynchocotyle marplatensis Gen. et sp. nov (Monogenea: Polyopisthocotylea) parasita de las branquias de Callorhynchus callorhynchus (Linné, 1758) Garman, 1904 (Pisces: Holocephali) de la region costera de Mar del Plata. Comunicaciones del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" e Instituto Nacional de Investigacion de las Ciencias Naturales - Parasitologia (Buenos Aires), 2, 19-32.
  11. Hargis, W. J. Jr (1955). "Monogenetic trematodes of Gulf of Mexico fishes, Part VI. The superfamilies Polystomatoidea Price, 1936, and Diclidophoroidea Price, 1936". Transactions of the American Microscopical Society. 74 (4): 361–377. doi:10.2307/3224172. JSTOR 3224172.
  12. van Beneden, Pierre-Joseph & Hesse, C. E. 1863: Recherches sur les bdellodes ou hirudinées et les trématodes marins. Mémoires de l'Académie royale de Belgique, t. 34. Bruxelles: M. Hayez. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.11767 BHL PDF (Erpocotyle laevis: pages 87-89)
  13. Lambert, A.; Maillard, C. (1979). "L'oncomiracidium d'Erpocotyle catenulata (Guberlet, 1933) (Monogene Hexabothriidae) parasite de Mustelus mustelus (L.) (Selachii)" (PDF). Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée. 54 (1): 113–115. doi:10.1051/parasite/1979541113. ISSN 0003-4150. PMID 485037. open access
  14. Maillard, Cl.; Paperna, I. (1978). "Hexabothriidae (Monogenea) du Requin Marteau (Sphyrna mokarran) de la Mer Rouge. Description d'une nouvelle espèce, Erpocotyle septistoma". Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée. 53 (5): 487–494. doi:10.1051/parasite/1978535487. open access
  15. Brooks, G. L. (1934). "Some new ectoparasitic Trematodes (Onchocotylinae) from the gills of American sharks". Parasitology. 26 (2): 259–267. doi:10.1017/S0031182000023544. ISSN 0031-1820. S2CID 86338098.
  16. von Nordmann, Alexander 1840 Les vers (vermes). In: J.-B. de Lamarck, Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres... Paris, 2 ed., III: 542-686.
  17. Ktari, Mohammed Hedi; Maillard, Claude (1972). "Neonchocotyle pastinacae n. g. n. sp. (Monogenea Hexabothriidae) parasite de Dasyatis pastinaca dans le Golfe de Tunis : description de l'adulte et de la larve". Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée. 47 (2): 181–191. doi:10.1051/parasite/1972472181.
  18. Mayes, Monte A; Brooks, Daniel R; Thorson, Thomas B (1981). "Potamotrygonocotyle tsalickisi, new genus and species (Monogenea: Monocotylidae) and Paraheteronchocotyle amazonensis, new genus and species (Monogenea: Hexabothriidae) from Potamotrygon circularis Garman (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) in north western Brazil". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 94 (4): 1205–1210. open access
  19. Watson, D. E. & Thorson, Thomas B. 1976: Helminths from Elasmobranchs in Central American Fresh Waters. Investigations of the Ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan Lakes, Paper 52, 629-640. PDF open access
  20. Brinkmann, A. Jr. 1952. Fish trematodes from Norwegian waters. I. The history of fish trematode investigations in Norway and the Norwegian species of the order Monogenea. Universitetet i Bergen, Årbok. Naturvitenskapelig rekke (1), 1-134.
  21. Cerfontaine, Paul. 1899: Contribution à l'étude des Octocotylidés. V. Les Onchocotylinae. Archives de Biologie, 16, 345-478 + Plates 18-21.
  22. Doran, David J. (1953). "New Monogenetic Trematodes from the Shovelnose Guitarfish, Rhinobatos productus (Ayres)". Journal of Parasitology. 39 (2): 145–151. doi:10.2307/3274109. ISSN 0022-3395. JSTOR 3274109. PMID 13045180.
  23. Kheddam, Houda; Justine, Jean-Lou; Tazerouti, Fadila (2016). "Hexabothriid monogeneans from the gills of deep-sea sharks off Algeria, with the description of Squalonchocotyle euzeti n. sp. (Hexabothriidae) from the kitefin shark Dalatias licha (Euselachii, Dalatiidae)" (PDF). Helminthologia. 53 (4): 354–362. doi:10.1515/helmin-2016-0034. ISSN 1336-9083.
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