Hieronim Mikołaj Radziwiłł

Prince Hieronim Mikołaj Radziwiłł (6 January 1885 – 6 April 1945) was a Polish aristocrat, landlord in Balice. Radziwiłł was a great-grandson of Prince Maciej Radziwiłł. He and his children carried the style of Serene Highness.

His Serene Highness

Hieronim Mikołaj Radziwiłł
Prince Radziwiłł
Full name
Hieronim Mikołaj Melchior Konstanty Dominik Maria ks. Radziwiłł na Nieświeżu h. Trąby
Born(1885-01-06)6 January 1885
Cannes, France
Died6 April 1945(1945-04-06) (aged 60)
Gulag, near Luhansk, Soviet Union
FamilyRadziwiłł
Spouse(s)
​
​
(m. 1909; died 1935)​

Jadwiga Aniela Radziwiłł
​
​
(m. 1937)​
IssuePrincess Maria Teresa Radziwiłł
Prince Dominic Rainer Radziwiłł
Prince Karol Jerome Radziwiłł
Prince Albert Radziwiłł
Princess Eleonore Radziwiłł
Prince Leon Jerome Radziwiłł
FatherDominik Maria Radziwiłł
MotherMaría Dolores de Agramonte y Zayas-Zamudio

Early life
Radziwiłł Palace in Balice, 1927

Hieronim Mikołaj "Jerome" Radziwiłł was born on 6 January 1885 at Cannes in France. He was a son of Prince Dominik Maria Radziwiłł (1852–1938) and Doña María Dolores de Agramonte y Zayas-Zamudio (1854–1920).[1] Among his siblings were Princess Dolores Radziwiłł,[lower-alpha 1] and Princess Isabella Radziwiłł.[lower-alpha 2][1]

His paternal grandparents were Konstanty Radziwiłł and Adela Karnitska (a descendant of Justynian Szczytt).[5] He was a great-grandson of Prince Maciej Radziwiłł.[6] His maternal grandparents were Francisco de Agramonte Cortijo and María de los Dolores de la Torre Dolores de Agramonte, natives of Santiago de Cuba where they were large landowners.[7][8]

He graduated from the gymnasium in Feldkirch before he began studying law at the Jagiellonian University in 1904. He later moved to the Agricultural College at the university.

Career

In between the World Wars, he was primarily involved in agriculture, breeding and forestry on his Balice estate which had been built by his father.[9] He owned shares in a company producing glass and clay products. Although he was not involved in politics, he was an honorary member of the Supreme Council of the Party of National Monarchists.

During World War II, he was involved in the underground activity of the "Uprawa" gentry organization, which provided funding and food for the Home Army. He was arrested by the Soviet authorities in February 1945 and deported, along with 2,000 prisoners, to a NKVD Gulag labor camp during the Soviet occupation of Poland,[10] where he died shortly after his arrival.

Personal life
Hieronim Mikołaj Radziwiłł and Archduchess Renata, 1909

On 16 January 1909, Prince Radziwiłł married Archduchess Renata of Austria (1888–1935) in Żywiec. Renata was a daughter of Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany and Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria. A first cousin of King Alphonso XIII of Spain, she was a member of the Teschen branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. Upon her marriage to Prince Radziwiłł in 1909, she renounced her titles as Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany.[11] Before her death on 9 December 1935, they were the parents of six children:[12]

After the death of his first wife, the Prince remarried to his cousin, Princess Jadwiga Aniela Radziwiłł in January 1937.[18]

Prince Radziwiłł died at the Gulag, near Luhansk on 6 April 1945. He was buried in a wooden coffin in the steppe near the labor camp.

Descendants

Through his eldest son's first marriage to Princess Eugénie, he was a grandfather of Princess Tatiana Radziwiłł (b. 1939),[lower-alpha 4] who married Dr. Jean Henri Fruchaud in 1966,[20] and Prince George Radziwiłł (1942–2001). Through his eldest son's second marriage to Lidia, he was posthumously grandfather of Princess Renata Radziwiłł (1954–2014), who married Swiss banker André Wagnière in 1976,[21] Princess Louise Radziwiłł (b. 1956), who married Sicilian aristocrat Don Antonio Moncada, Nobile dei Principi of Paternò in 1987, and Princess Lyda Radziwiłł (b. 1959), who married Roman aristocrat Prince Innocenzo Odescalchi in 1991.

Through her daughter Eleonore's second marriage, he was posthumously a grandfather of Remy de Froidcourt (b. 1960).[22]

References
Notes
  1. Princess Dolores Radziwiłł (1886–1966) married: (1) Prince Stanisław Wilhelm Radziwiłł (1880–1920), youngest son of Prince Antoni Wilhelm Radziwiłł and Marie de Castellane; (2) Prince Leon Radziwiłł (1880–1927),[2] a son of Prince Constantine Radziwiłł (a grandson of Prince Antoni Radziwiłł and Princess Louise of Prussia)[3] and Louise Blanc (daughter of François Blanc, founder of Monte-Carlo); and (3) Danish architect Mogens Tvede (1897–1977), son of Gotfred Tvede.[1]
  2. Princess Isabella Radziwiłł (1888–1968)[4] married Prince Karol Nicholas Radziwiłł (1886–1968), a son of Prince Jerzy Radziwiłł (eldest son of Prince Antoni Wilhelm Radziwiłł and Marie de Castellane).[4]
  3. Princess Eugénie of Greece and Denmark was the youngest child and only daughter of Prince George of Greece and Denmark and his wife, Princess Marie Bonaparte (daughter of Marie-Félix Blanc and Prince Roland Bonaparte, a great-nephew of Napoleon I).[9] Her father was the second son of George I of Greece and Olga Constantinovna of Russia. After their divorce, Princess Eugénie married Prince Raimundo, Duke of Castel Duino in 1949.[14] They too divorced, in 1965.
  4. Princess Tatiana Radziwiłł was a bridesmaid at the 1962 wedding of the future King Juan Carlos I of Spain and Princess Sophia of Greece and Denmark and at the 1964 wedding of King Constantine II of Greece and Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark.[19]
Sources
  1. The Book of Kings: The royal houses. Garnstone Press. 1973. pp. 394–395. ISBN 978-0-900391-19-4. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  2. "OLGA RADZIWIIL, 60, PRINCE LEON'S WIFE". The New York Times. 23 August 1947. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  3. Radziwill (Fürstin), Marie Dorothea Elisabeth de Castellane; Robilant, Mario Antonio Nicolis di (1934). Lettres de la princesse Radziwill au général de Robilant, 1889-1914: 1908-1914 (in French). N. Zanichelli. Retrieved 9 February 2019.
  4. Chomętowska, Zofia (2008). Na wozie i pod wozem (in Polish). Biblioteka Iberyjska. pp. 48–49. ISBN 978-83-60093-48-1. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  5. Emerson, Gloria (15 January 1967). "For Polish Nobility, Power and Ease Are Gone". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  6. Polski Słownik Biograficzny t. 30 s. 190.
  7. "Obituary Notes -- Senora Dolores de Zayas de Agramonte". The New York Times. 13 October 1899. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  8. Exodus Warszawy: Pamiętniki. Relacje (in Polish). Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy. 1992. p. 743. ISBN 978-83-06-01589-8. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  9. Lednicki, Wacław (18 March 2019). Reminiscences: The Adventures of a Modern Gil Blas during the Last War. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. pp. 86–87. ISBN 978-3-11-139662-0. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  10. "EDEN ASKS LUBLIN NOT TO PERSECUTE; Announces Britain Has Won Release of Mme. Arciszewska by Russian Government". The New York Times. 8 March 1945. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  11. Raineval, Melville Henry Massue marquis de Ruvigny et; Raineval, Melville Henry Massue Marquis of Ruvigny and (1914). The Titled Nobility of Europe: An International Peerage, Or "Who's Who," of the Sovereigns, Princes, and Nobles of Europe. Burke's Peerage. pp. 1191–1192. ISBN 978-0-85011-028-9. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  12. Hieronim Mikołaj Melchior ks. Radziwiłł na Nieświeżu h. Trąby (in Polish).
  13. TIMES, Wireless to THE NEW YORK (31 May 1938). "PRINCESS EUGENIE OF GREECE A BRIDE; Married in Paris to the Polish Prince, Dominique Radziwill". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  14. "PRINCESS EUGENIE WED; Greek Leaders Attend Marriage to Prince di Terre et Tase". The New York Times. 29 November 1949. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  15. Tribune, Special Cable to The Chicago (25 March 1929). "W.M. FLEITMANN DIES IN PARIS AT 70; Was a Director of Wholesale Dry Goods Concern Founded Here by Father. FIRM ACTED AS BANKERS Financed Other Textile Companies --Mr. Fleitmann Prominent in American Colony of Paris". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  16. Ziolkowska-Boehm, Aleksandra (2 November 2017). Untold Stories of Polish Heroes from World War II. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-7618-6984-9. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  17. TIMES, Wireless to THE NEW YORK (27 March 1940). "POLISH PRINCE SAVED FROM DEATH IN SOVIET; Radziwill Says Italian King and Queen Pleaded for Him". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  18. Genealogia Grocholski (in Polish).
  19. "GREEK KING WEDS PRINCESS TODAY; Royal Cuests Crowd City—Rite Rehearsed at Basilica". The New York Times. 18 September 1964. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  20. Brewer-Ward, Daniel A. (also known as Daniel Willis), The House of Habsburg: A Genealogy of the Descendants of Empress Maria Theresia, Clearfield Co., Inc., Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1966, p. 166.
  21. "RootsWeb: GEN-ROYAL-L RE: Renata Radziwill". Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  22. Bozec, Christine Le; Wauters, Eric (1998). Pour la Révolution française: Receuil d'études en hommage à Claude Mazauric (in French). Presses universitaires de Rouen et du Havre. ISBN 978-2-87775-820-8. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
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