Hispaniolan yellow tree frog

Adult Hispaniola yellow tree frogs can grow to be about 43 mm for females, while the males tend to be slightly smaller and only grow to be about 39 mm. They have 3 dorsal lines that can be yellow, tan, green, or brown that are used to most easily identify the species.[3] The lower sides of the frog are usually yellow in color as well. They can be active during the night when temperatures range from 24-27 °C.[3] The Osteopilus genus tend to follow a generalist diet and usually choose prey based on their size [4]

Osteopilus pulchrilineatus is one of four endemic species to Hispaniola and can only survive in a specific set of environmental conditions.[5] Its natural habitats are mesic broadleaf forests, riparian forests (including forest remnants), mangrove forests, grasslands, and marshes. It can also be found in agricultural landscapes (e.g., rice plantations, coffee and cacao plantations, and in the presence of livestock). Osteopilus pulchrilineatus is known to have at least six different breeding habitats, most of which are marine like habitats. These include vegetative ponds with nearby open grassland, ponds in mountainous areas that have a small area, streams in mountain forests, ephemeral pools in forested areas, pools found within rice fields, and rivers and streams of forested areas.[3] Males are known to call in flooded pools after heavy rains.[1] The estimated area that Osteopilus pulchrilineatus is said to inhabit ranges from 1,3000 km² to 2,000 km² and elevations up to almost 1,700 km².[6]

The species was listed on the IUCN Red List as endangered until April 2012, when a new evaluation reduced the species to vulnerable. Their population is currently declining to the point that they are at risk for extirpation within the next decade. The frog exists in highly fragmented populations.[7] Even though it is found in modified habitats, its persistence seems to depend on forests and/or wetlands as the core habitat, making it vulnerable to further habitat loss.[1]