Hoeryong
Hoeryŏng (Korean pronunciation: [ɸwe̞.ɾjʌŋ]) is a city in North Hamgyong Province, North Korea. It is located opposite Jilin Province, China, with the Tumen River in between. Sanhe (三合鎮), in Longjing City, is the closest Chinese town across the river. Hoeryŏng is the birthplace of Kim Il Sung's first wife and Kim Jong Il's mother, Kim Jong Suk.[1] The Hoeryong Revolutionary Site commemorates the birthplace.[2]
Hoeryong
회령시 | |
|---|---|
| Korean transcription(s) | |
| • Chosŏn'gŭl | 회령시 |
| • Hancha | 會寧市 |
| • McCune-Reischauer | Hoeryŏng-si |
| • Revised Romanization | Hoeryeong-si |
 Hoeryong City Centre | |
 Map
of North Hamgyong showing the location of Hoeryong | |
  Hoeryong Location within North Korea | |
| Coordinates: 42°26′N 129°45′E | |
| Country | North Korea |
| Province | North Hamgyong |
| Administrative divisions | 19 tong, 28 ri |
| Population (2008) | |
| • Total | 153,532 |
| • Dialect | Hamgyŏng |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Pyongyang Time) |
The former Hoeryŏng concentration camp (Kwalliso No. 22) was located 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the city.[3]
History
Hoeryŏng was one of the six posts/garrisons (Chosŏngŭl: 육진, Hanja: 六鎭) established under the order of Sejong the Great of Joseon (1418 - 1450) to safeguard his people from the potentially hostile semi-nomadic Jurchens living north of the Yalu river. In 1952, some territories of Hoeryŏng (then a county), which included myoen of Poŭl and parts of myoens of Yonghung and Pyŏksŏng, were incorporated into the then newly created Yusŏn county.[4] After the 1974 incorporation of Yusŏn county, the Yusŏn region became a up and was renamed as Yusŏn worker's region.[4] In early May 2007, the newly appointed Prime Minister Kim Yong-il visited Hoeryŏng. At the time, the Prime Minister brought with him on his train one carriage worth of glass (made in South Korea) and 3 carriages worth of cement. After delivering the goods to the People's Committee of Hoeryŏng he ordered that the city of Hoeryŏng be decorated and adorned as much as a city where Mother Kim Jong Suk's birthplace should be.
Administrative divisions
Hoeryŏng-si is divided into 19 tong (neighbourhoods) and 28 ri (villages):
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Economy
Hoeryŏng's main industries are mining machines and a paper mill. The area contains many mines. According to media reports, in 2017 ordinary residents in Hoeryong receive electricity for 3–4 hours per day.[5] However, many people do not have electricity at all.
Civil unrest
It is reported that on 24 September 2008 only about 20% of Hoeryŏng's city residents attended a civilian defence-training programme held in Hoeryŏng City. The other 80% are thought to have stayed home or tended to private patch fields. As punishment, authorities from the Civilian Defence ordered non-attendees to pay KP₩5,000, however this fine was largely ignored.[6]
2016 Flood
On 29 August 2016, as the result of Typhoon Lionrock, the Tumen River flooded, making many of the residents homeless and causing substantial property damage.[7] The displaced residents moved to China.
Climate
Hoeryong has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dwb).
| Climate data for Hoeryong | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | −5.1 (22.8) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
4.2 (39.6) |
12.6 (54.7) |
18.3 (64.9) |
21.4 (70.5) |
24.8 (76.6) |
25.4 (77.7) |
21.2 (70.2) |
14.7 (58.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
11.5 (52.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.1 (12.0) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
5.7 (42.3) |
11.4 (52.5) |
16.0 (60.8) |
20.3 (68.5) |
20.8 (69.4) |
15.3 (59.5) |
8.1 (46.6) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
5.6 (42.0) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −17.0 (1.4) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
4.6 (40.3) |
10.7 (51.3) |
15.8 (60.4) |
16.3 (61.3) |
9.4 (48.9) |
1.5 (34.7) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−0.3 (31.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 6 (0.2) |
6 (0.2) |
14 (0.6) |
29 (1.1) |
61 (2.4) |
94 (3.7) |
112 (4.4) |
155 (6.1) |
82 (3.2) |
38 (1.5) |
20 (0.8) |
8 (0.3) |
625 (24.5) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org[8] | |||||||||||||
Notes
- "Brilliant life of Kim Jong Suk". KCNA. Archived from the original on 2005-03-16. Retrieved 2006-06-28.
- "Hoeryong Revolutionary Site". KCNA. 14 December 2011. Archived from the original on 12 October 2014.
- "Kwan-li-so No.22 Haengyŏng (Hoeryŏng)". Wikimapia. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
- "회령시" [Hoeryong city] (in Korean). Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Retrieved 2021-02-02.
- Shim, Elizabeth (July 12, 2017). "North Korea supplies high-voltage electricity to border fence". UPI.
Ordinary North Koreans in Hoeryong, North Hamgyong Province, on the other hand, are supplied with electricity for about 3 to 4 hours a day, the North Korean source said.
- North Korea Today, No. 28. (2008). Research Institute for North Korean society.
- "Implications of North Korean Flood". Center for Strategic and International Studies. 2 November 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
- "Climate: Hoeryong - Climate-Data.org". Retrieved 25 July 2018.
Further reading
- Dormels, Rainer. North Korea's Cities: Industrial facilities, internal structures and typification. Jimoondang, 2014. ISBN 978-89-6297-167-5
- Lankov, Andrei (9 October 2017). "The Hoeryong model: how a sleepy N. Korean town experienced an economic boom". NK News - North Korea News.
External links
