Home idle load
Home idle load is the continuous residential electric energy consumption as measured by smart meters.[1][2][3] It differs from standby power (loads) in that it includes energy consumption by devices that cycle on and off within the hourly period of standard smart meters (such as fridges, aquarium heaters, wine coolers, etc.).[4][5][6] As such, home idle loads can be measured accurately by smart meters. According to Stanford Sustainable Systems Lab, home idle load constitutes an average of 32% of household electricity consumption in the U.S.[7][8]
Type of devices
The primary categories of devices that contribute to Home Idle Load include:
- Electronic devices that consume electricity while not being actively used (including televisions, game consoles, digital picture frames, etc.)
- Home infrastructure devices (including analog thermostats, doorbells, telephones, clocks, GFCI outlets, smoke alarms, continuous hot water recirculation pumps, etc.).
- Any type of device used to maintain a continuous temperature differential (including freezers, icemakers, refrigerators, wine coolers, terrarium heaters, heated floors, instant hot water dispensers, etc.). Although such devices may need to stay on continuously, more recent models have proven to be more efficient and can result in considerably lower home idle loads.[9][10]
Reducing home idle load
Approaches to reduce home idle loads include:
- Disabling electronic devices with standby power loads either manually (unplugging) or by managing power strips (including smart power socket types)
- Using a timer switch that stops electric consumption from devices when not in use
- Using a smart power strip with a master outlet that manages electricity for multiple devices
- Replacing older (or malfunctioning) devices with more efficient options[11][12]
Measuring home idle load
Home idle load may be measured differently depending on the electric meter and local utility used. A smart meter with a local utility that supports "green button" data is the most accurate option to measure home idle load. Another option involves using the user's utility website to access consumption charts showing hourly electric use. If green button data is not available, the user may measure home idle load by analysing the home's electric meter while all home electronic devices are in inactive mode. This may involve using a timer to track the time for a single revolution of the spinning dial of an analog electric meter.[3]
References
- Kwatra, S.; Amann, J. (2013). "Miscellaneous Energy Loads in Buildings". American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy. Archived from the original on 2017-01-29. Retrieved 2017-03-01.
- R. Rajagopal; et al. (2015). "VISDOM: Data Analytics Architecture for Load Management". Stanford Sustainable Systems and Smart Grid Labs at Stanford University.
- "Home Idle Load" (PDF). NRDC. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-12-01. Retrieved 2017-03-01.
- Borgeson, S.; Tan, S. (2015). "Learning from Hourly Household Energy Consumption: Extracting, Visualizing, and Interpreting Household Smart Meter Data". Proceedings of the 2015 Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) Conference, Los Angeles.
- Smith, B.A.; Wong, J. (2012). "Simple Way to Use Interval Data to Segment Residential Customers for Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Program Targeting". ACEEE Summer Study Proceedings: 5–374–386.
- "Home Idle Load: Devices Wasting Huge Amounts of Electricity When Not in Active Use". NRDC. 14 July 2015. Archived from the original on 2017-03-02. Retrieved 2017-03-01.
- Kwac, J.; Flora, J. (2014). "Household Energy Consumption Segmentation Using Hourly Data". IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid. 5 (1): 420–430. doi:10.1109/TSG.2013.2278477. S2CID 33661350.
- Meier, Alan (2015). "Standby Power". Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
- "Home Idle Load Action Guide" (PDF). NRDC. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-03-06. Retrieved 2017-03-05.
- "Home Idle Load". Unplug Stuff. Archived from the original on 2017-07-08. Retrieved 2017-03-01.
- Bensch, I.; Pigg, S. (2010). "Electricity Savings Opportunities for Home Electronics and Other Plug-In Devices in Minnesota Homes: A Technical and Behavioral Field Assessment". Energy Center of Wisconsin.
- Chetty, M.; Tran, D (2008). "Getting to green: Understanding resource consumption in the home". Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Ubiquitous computing. pp. 242–251. doi:10.1145/1409635.1409668. ISBN 9781605581361. S2CID 22189106.