Hotel Metropol Moscow
The Hotel Metropol Moscow[1] (Russian: Метрополь, IPA: [mʲɪtrɐˈpolʲ]) is a historic hotel in the center of Moscow, Russia, built in 1899–1905 in Art Nouveau style. It is the largest extant Moscow hotel built before the Russian Revolution of 1917. Since 2012, the hotel has been owned by Alexander Klyachin, who also is proprietor of the Moscow-based Azimut Hotels chain.[2][3]
| Hotel Metropol Moscow | |
|---|---|
Гостиница «Метрополь» | |
 Main Teatral'nyy Proyezd facade, 2014 | |
  Location within Central Moscow | |
| General information | |
| Architectural style | Art nouveau |
| Town or city | Moscow |
| Country | Russia |
| Coordinates | 55°45′30″N 37°37′17″E |
| Construction started | 1899 |
| Completed | 1907 |
| Client | Petersburg Insurance, Savva Mamontov |
| Owner | Alexander Klyachin |
| Technical details | |
| Structural system | Reinforced concrete |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | William Walcot, Lev Kekushev, Vladimir Shukhov |
History
In 1898, Savva Mamontov and Petersburg Insurance consolidated a large lot of land around the former Chelyshev Hotel. Mamontov eventually hired Kekushev as a construction manager. Soon, Mamontov was jailed for fraud and the project was taken over by Petersburg Insurance.
In 1901, the topped-out shell burnt down and had to be rebuilt from scratch in reinforced concrete. Kekushev and Walcot hired a constellation of first-rate artists, notably Mikhail Vrubel for the Princess of Dreams mosaic panel, Alexander Golovin for smaller ceramic panels and sculptor Nikolay Andreyev for plaster friezes. The hotel was completed in 1907. However, it is nowhere near Walcot's original design (Brumfiels, fig.56, compare to actual, fig.59-60).
A feature of the Metropol is "its lack of any reference to the orders of architecture ... a structural mass shaped without reference to illusionistic systems of support" (Brumfield). The rectangular bulk of the Metropol is self-sufficient; it needs no supporting columns. Instead, "Texture and material played a dominant expressive role, exemplified at the Metropole by the progression from an arcade with stone facing on the ground floor to inset windows without decorative frames on the upper floors" (Brumfield).
In 1918, the hotel was nationalized by the Bolshevik administration, renamed Second House of Soviets and housed living quarters and offices for the growing Soviet bureaucracy. Eventually in the 1930s it reverted to its original function as a hotel and in 1986-1991 was thoroughly restored by Finnish companies as part of Soviet-Finnish bilateral trade.[4]
As of 2022, the Metropol had 365 rooms, each being different in its shape or decoration.[5]
Apocrypha
Canadian businessman Aggie Kukulowicz was a hotel resident while brokering hockey's 1972 Summit Series between the Red Machine team and the first Team Canada.[6]
The hotel is the setting of Amor Towles's 2016 novel A Gentleman in Moscow.[7]
Gallery
Princess of Dreams
Southern corner
Western corner
Grand Hall of the restaurant
Northern facade (Teatral`nyy proyezd), 2011
Southern facade, 2018
References
- Also Metropole.
- "Russia's historic Hotel Metropol that was seized by Vladimir Lenin put up for sale". Telegraph Media Group Limited. 30 August 2012.
- Yulia Petrova; Svetlana Danilova; Anton Filatov (10 July 2010). "Alexander Klyachin will build a hotel for Hyatt". Vedomosti (in Russian). Retrieved 18 December 2015.
- YIT - Vuosikertomus 1996 - page 40 (in Finnish)
- "Metropol Hotel in Moscow, Russia". www.moscow.info. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
- Mandel, Charles (2008-10-07). "The "Henry Kissinger of hockey" smoothed the way for Summit Series". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
- Motley Fool Staff (2018-08-17). "Authors in August: Talking About Storycraft With Novelist Amor Towle". The Motley Fool.
- William Craft Brumfield, The Origins of Modernism in Russian Architecture, University of California Press, 1991 chapter 3, fig.56-60
External links
