Hye-bi Yi

Royal Consort Hye of the Gyeongju Yi clan (Korean: 혜비 이씨; Hanja: 惠妃 李氏; d. 3 February 1408) was the 3rd wife of King Gongmin of Goryeo.[1][2] She was known with her Dharma name as Ho-wol (Korean: 호월; Hanja: 湖月) and her new title as Princess Hyehwa (Korean: 혜화궁주; Hanja: 惠和宮主) given by Taejo of Joseon in 1392.

In this korean name, the surname is Yi.
Royal Consort Hye-Bi Yi
혜비 이씨
Royal consort of Goryeo
Tenure1359–1374
Coronation1359
SuccessorRoyal Consort Ik
Born?
Gyeongju, Kingdom of Goryeo
Died3 February 1408
Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1359; died 1374)​
Regnal name
Princess Hyehwa (혜화궁주, 惠和宮主; 1392 – 3 February 1408)
HouseGyeongju Yi (by birth)
House of Wang (by marriage)
FatherYi Je-hyeon, Internal Prince Gyerim
MotherLady Bak (biological)
Lady Gwon (adoptive)
Lady Seo (adoptive)
ReligionBuddhism
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationHyebi Yissi
McCune–ReischauerH'ye'pi I'ssh'i
Dharma name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationHowol
McCune–ReischauerHo'wol
Princess Hyehwa (Joseon Royal Title)
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationHyehwa Gungju
McCune–ReischauerH'ye'hwa Kungch'u

Biography

Background

The future Royal Consort Hye was born in Gyeongju as the daughter of Yi Je-hyeon who was a Goryeo politician, philosopher, writer, and poet.[3]

Marriage and Palace life

In April 1359 (8th year of the reign of King Gongmin), his Queen Consort, Princess Noguk (who had not provided him with a successor) together with several other ministers asked the King to choose a concubine from a noble family. After being chosen, Yi was given the consort title Gracious Consort (혜비, 惠妃).[4] However, when she entered the palace, it was said that the Queen became jealous of her and refused to eat.

In October 1372 (21st year of King Gongmin), the king selected some young and handsome men[5] and then ordered Han-An (한안) and Hong-Ryun (홍륜) from the Self-Defense Committee to have sex with his consorts.[6]

After King Gongmin was assassinated in 1374, Hye-bi Yi shaved her hair and became a Buddhist monk in Jeongeopwon (nowadays Cheongryong Temple, 청룡사).[7] Even after King Gongmin's death, the court still respected all of his widowed consorts and continued to provide their daily necessities. In December 1388, this ceased.

Later life

Hye-bi Yi had a long-life right through to the early Joseon dynasty established by Yi Seong-gye (이성계). She was then honoured as Princess Hyewa (혜화궁주, 惠和宮主).[8] Taejong of Joseon gave her 30 seeds rices and beans (쌀과 콩 30석) and 100 volumes of copies paper (종이 100권).[9] Hye-bi Yi become the abbess in charge of the Buddhist Jeongeopwon Temple. She died on 3 February 1408, this being 12 years after the Goryeo period ended.[10]

After her death, she was succeeded in the position of abbess by Lady Sim. King Taejo and Queen Sindeok's 2nd son, Grand Prince Uian, was the husband of Lady Sim (부인 심씨).[8]

Ancestry[11]

References
  1. "고려 제31대 공민왕 가계도". m.blog.naver.com (in Korean). Naver. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
  2. "고려시대 史料 Database". db.history.go.kr (in Chinese). Retrieved June 19, 2021.
  3. "고려시대 史料 Database". db.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved June 19, 2021.
  4. "공민왕 후비 혜비 이씨". db.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  5. 韓國人物小說全集 [The Complete Works of Korean Character Novels] (in Korean). University of California: Yuwenge. 1967. p. 135.
  6. "자제위를 설치해 온갖 불륜을 저지르게 하다". db.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  7. "정절을 지키려다 승려가 된 공민왕의 후비 혜비(惠妃) 이씨(李氏)". www.culturecontent.com (in Korean). Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  8. "혜화 궁주 이씨의 졸기". sillok.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  9. 漢城府資料集: 太祖元年 (1392)-太宗8年 (1408) [Information Collection of Seoul House: The First Year of King Taejo (1392)-The 8th Year of King Taejong (1408)] (in Korean). University of California: Seoul Special City History Compilation Committee. p. 401.
  10. "혜화 궁주 이씨의 죽다". sillok.history.go.kr (in Chinese). Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  11. Kim Young-kon (2016). 북타임스 고려왕비열전 54. 공민왕과 노국 대장 공주 인덕 왕후④ [Book Times The Book of Kings of Goryeo 54. King Gongmin and Princess Supreme Noguk, Queen Indeok ④] (in Korean). Goldstar Publishing House. ISBN 9788907903143.
  12. "[정도전] #02-1. 공민왕의 여인들, 그리고 불미스러운 이야기". m.blog.naver.com (in Korean). 2014. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
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