Intralaminar thalamic nuclei
The intralaminar thalamic nuclei (ITN) are collections of neurons in the internal medullary lamina of the thalamus that are generally divided in two groups as follows:[1]
- anterior (rostral) group
- central medial nucleus
- paracentral nucleus
- central lateral nucleus
- posterior (caudal) intralaminar group
- centromedian nucleus
- parafascicular nucleus
| Intralaminar nuclei of thalamus | |
|---|---|
 Thalamic nuclei | |
| Details | |
| Part of | Thalamus |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | nuclei intralaminares thalami |
| Acronym(s) | ITN |
| MeSH | D020646 |
| NeuroNames | 317 |
| NeuroLex ID | birnlex_1530 |
| TA98 | A14.1.08.615 |
| TA2 | 5685 |
| FMA | 62021 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy | |
Some sources also include a "central dorsal" nucleus.
Degeneration of this area can be associated with progressive supranuclear palsy and Parkinson's disease.[2] Additionally, infarction of the thalamic paramedian artery may result in varied features such as disorientation, confusion, hypersomnolence, deep coma, or akinetic mutism.[3] This area is also prominently affected in traumatic brain injuries. One postmortem study of patients with closed head injuries showed correlation of the involvement of these nuclei with the various degrees of disability.[4][5]
See also
- Central tegmental tract
- Output of the ARAS
References
- Mancall, E., Brock, D. & Gray, H. (2011). Gray's clinical neuroanatomy the anatomic basis for clinical neuroscience. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Saunders.
- Henderson JM, Carpenter K, Cartwright H, Halliday GM (July 2000). "Loss of thalamic intralaminar nuclei in progressive supranuclear palsy and Parkinson's disease: clinical and therapeutic implications". Brain. 123 (7): 1410–21. doi:10.1093/brain/123.7.1410. PMID 10869053.
- Schmahmann, Jeremy D. (2003-09-21). "Vascular Syndromes of the Thalamus". Stroke. 34 (9): 2264–2278. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000087786.38997.9E. ISSN 0039-2499. PMID 12933968. S2CID 6347059.
- Maxwell, William L.; MacKinnon, Mary Anne; Smith, Douglas H.; McIntosh, Tracy K.; Graham, David I. (2006). "Thalamic Nuclei After Human Blunt Head Injury". Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology. 65 (5): 478–488. doi:10.1097/01.jnen.0000229241.28619.75. PMID 16772871. S2CID 15304046. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
- Benarroch, Eduardo E. (2008-09-16). "The midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei: Anatomic and functional specificity and implications in neurologic disease". Neurology. 71 (12): 944–949. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000326066.57313.13. ISSN 0028-3878. PMID 18794498. S2CID 3397224.
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