Thoracic cavity

The thoracic cavity (or chest cavity) is the chamber of the body of vertebrates that is protected by the thoracic wall (rib cage and associated skin, muscle, and fascia). The central compartment of the thoracic cavity is the mediastinum. There are two openings of the thoracic cavity, a superior thoracic aperture known as the thoracic inlet and a lower inferior thoracic aperture known as the thoracic outlet.

Thoracic cavity
Details
Identifiers
Latincavitas thoracis, cavum thoracis
MeSHD035423
TA98A01.1.00.049
A02.3.04.002
A07.0.00.000
TA2126
FMA7565
Anatomical terminology
The picture displays the Mediastinum on sagittal plane, Thoracic diaphragm at the bottom, the heart (Cor), behind Sternum and Costae (to the left on the picture (This is the Anterior (front))) and to the right (Posterior (back)) you have the Thoracic vertebrae.

The thoracic cavity includes the tendons as well as the cardiovascular system which could be damaged from injury to the back, spine or the neck.

Structure

Structures within the thoracic cavity include:

It contains three potential spaces lined with mesothelium: the paired pleural cavities and the pericardial cavity. The mediastinum comprises those organs which lie in the centre of the chest between the lungs. The cavity also contains two openings one at the top, the superior thoracic aperture also called the thoracic inlet, and a lower inferior thoracic aperture which is much larger than the inlet.

Clinical significance

If the pleural cavity is breached from the outside, as by a bullet wound or knife wound, a pneumothorax, or air in the cavity, may result. If the volume of air is significant, one or both lungs may collapse, which requires immediate medical attention.

Additional images
  • CT scan of the thorax (axial mediastinal window)
  • CT scan of the thorax (coronal lung window)
  • CT Scan of the Thorax (coronal mediastinal window)
  • Illustration of heart in thoracic cavity
    Illustration of heart in thoracic cavity
  • Illustration of heart position relative to the rib cage
    Illustration of heart position relative to the rib cage

See also
This article uses anatomical terminology.

References
  1. Eskandarlou, M.; Moaddab, A. H. (2010). "Chest wall necrosis and empyema resulting from attempting suicide by injection of petroleum into the pleural cavity". Emergency Medicine Journal. 27 (8): 616–8. doi:10.1136/emj.2009.073486. PMID 20558490. S2CID 206938595.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Thoracic cavity.
  • thoraxlesson3 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
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