Ĵ
Ĵ or ĵ (J circumflex) is a letter in Esperanto orthography representing the sound [ʒ].[1]
| J with circumflex | |
|---|---|
| Ĵ ĵ Jh jh Jx jx | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Latin script |
| Type | Alphabet |
| Language of origin | Esperanto language |
| Phonetic usage | [ʒ] |
| Unicode codepoint | U+0134 U+0135 |
| Alphabetical position | 14 |
| History | |
| Development | |
| Time period | 1887 to present |
| Other | |
| Writing direction | Left-to-right |
| Part of a series on |
 Esperanto flag |
|---|
While Esperanto orthography uses a diacritic for its four postalveolar consonants, as do the Latin-based Slavic alphabets, the base letters are Romano-Germanic. Ĵ is based on the French pronunciation of the letter j to better preserve the shape of borrowings from that language (such as ĵurnalo from journal) than Slavic ž would.
Ĵ is the fourteenth letter in Esperanto orthography. Although it is written as jx and jh respectively in the x-system and h-system workarounds, it is normally written as J with a circumflex: ĵ.
Ĵ is used in the Persian Latin (Rumi) alphabet, equivalent to ژ.
Usage
In mathematics
- The letter ĵ is often used to denote a unit vector in mathematics and physics for representing y-vector.
Character mappings
| Preview | Ĵ | ĵ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J WITH CIRCUMFLEX | LATIN SMALL LETTER J WITH CIRCUMFLEX | ||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 308 | U+0134 | 309 | U+0135 |
| UTF-8 | 196 180 | C4 B4 | 196 181 | C4 B5 |
| Numeric character reference | Ĵ | Ĵ | ĵ | ĵ |
| Named character reference | Ĵ | ĵ | ||
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