Garad Jama Garad Ali

Garad Jama Garad Ali (Somali: Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali, Arabic: (جراد جامع جراد علي is the traditional clan sultan (Garad) of the Dhulbahante. On May 22, 2006 he was crowned in Las Anod in the presences of a large crowd, including high-ranking dignitaries from the Somali Government, Somali Region, Somaliland, and Puntland region Somalia

Garad Jama Garad Ali II
Garad of the Dhulbahante
Reign24 April 2006
Coronation14 June 2006
PredecessorGarad Abdiqani Garad Jama
BornLas Anod, Somali Democratic Republic
FatherGarad Ali Garad Jama


Garad Jama belongs to a dynastical line of succession that had a continuous hereditary nature for four centuries, except during the Darawiish period. Garad Jama is a vocal advocate for a united Somalia. He has continuously rejected Puntland's overtures or Somaliland's quest for independence. In numerous appearances, Garad Jama has called for the withdrawal of Puntland and Somaliland troops from the Dhulbahante inhabited regions of Sool, Sanaag and Cayn.[1]

Las-canod

The Garad Jama of Sool region - Las-canod district & Doollo currently resides in the border town of Sahdheer.[2]

While Garad Jama is supportive of Somali unity, his predecessor, Garad Abdiqani Garad Jama, who led the Dhulbahante delegation in the Grand Conference in Burao in 1991 was first to table the case for secession, and was one of several signatories of the Somaliland Declaration of Independence on behalf of the Dhulbahante.[3][4] Nonetheless, Garad Abdiqani was never fully convinced of Somaliland's secessionist endeavour,[5] and later retracted his support when he participated in the foundation of Puntland in 1998.[6]

Since his coronation, the Garad is actively engaged in peace and reconciliation efforts in the northern Somali regions. He primarily participates and spearheads efforts to resolve conflicts in Somaliland, Puntland state of Somalia and the Somali Region of Ethiopia. The Garad also possess a huge political sway and plays an influential role in the social dynamics of the northern Somalis.

Biography

Birth

Jama was born in 1974 as the son of Garad Ali Garad Jama in the city of Las Anod, Sool region Republic of Somaliland.[7] He belongs to the Baharsame in Farah Garad in Dhulbahante clan.[8]: 83  According to another source, he has Sahdheer as his hometown.[8]: 116 

In 1985, his father Garad Ali died. At this time Jama was 15 years old, too young to assume the position of Garad, so the position was taken over by Garad Abdiqani Garad Jama, brother of Garad Ali.[7]

Garad Jama's predecessor Garad, Garad Abdiqani Garad Jama, who led the Dhulbahante delegation in the Grand Conference in Burao in 1991 was first to table the case for secession, and was one of several signatories of the Somaliland Declaration of Independence on behalf of the Dhulbahante.[3][9] Nonetheless, Garad Abdiqani was never fully convinced of Somaliland's secessionist endeavour,[10] and later retracted his support when he participated in the foundation of Puntland in 1998.[11]

On 9th February 2006, Garad Abdiqani Garad Jama died.[12]: 1  In this section, he will be written Garad Jama.

The Coronation

The coronation brought together, for the first time after the collapse of Somali Government in 1991, a large number of politically diverse politicians such as former Somali Prime Minister Ali Khalif Galaydh, the President and the Vice-President of Puntland.

It took place on May 22, 2006, in Geedo-Qarsay Valley, near Las Anod, where Garad Jama's father (Garad Ali aka Ali Garad Jama), his uncle (Garad Abdiqani Garad Jama), and his grandfather (Garad Jama) were crowned. The Las-Anoders showed their well-known hospitality to the thousands of guests who attended "the once of a lifetime" ceremony. The audiences were entertained with well-trained horses that were decorated by damasks and embroidery, which manifested the traditional craftsmen and women's hard work based on the rich Somali cultural heritage.

At 10 o'clock the milk was poured onto the Garad. Milk is a symbol of peace and eternal prosperity; this act is true to the equilibrium of the virtues of the traditional culture.

Press outlets of varying degrees of conventionality have utilized the abbreviation SSCD (Sool, Sanaag, Cayn, Doollo) for Garad Jama.[13][14][15][16]

Republic of Somaliland

In 2007, Garad Jama visited Las Anod.[17] However, the Somaliland Republic force occupied Las Anod. For the next 15 years, Garad Jama did not visit Las Anod.[18]

In October 2009, Garad Jama met with the BBC after a meeting in Nairobi and demanded that the Somaliland army withdraw from Las Anod and Buuhoodle. However, Bashe Mohamed Farah, deputy speaker of the Somaliland parliament, refused.[19]

In November 2010, Garad Jama met with Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, President of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, along with Suleiman Haglotosiye as part of a delegation from the SSC, President of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia.[8]: 105 

Garad Jama joined Dhulbahante's militia Khatumo State as a traditional leader, which began operating around 2012.[8]: 115 

In August 2012, a meeting of the Khatumo State was held in Sahdheer, where Garad Jama lives, and Ali Khalif Galaydh was elected as the new president.[8]: 116 

In November 2013, Garad Jama criticized the Puntland government for interfering with the Khatumo State and the Khatumo State Vice President for responding to a dialogue with the Puntland government with a Buuhoodle.[20]

Around April 2014, when the Khatumo State began to decline, he was living in Sahdheer, not in the center of the Khatumo State, and had contact with Puntland.[8]: 115 

In January 2015, Garad Jama attended the coronation of Abdirisaaq Garaad Soofe, son of Garaad Abdulahi Garaad Soofe.[21]

In June 2017, Garad Jama criticized President Ali Khalif Galaydh's policy of integrating Khatumo State into Somaliland.[22]

After the end of Khatumo

In June 2019, Garad Jama visited Werder, Ethiopia and met with Mustafa Mohammed Omar.[23]

In March 2020, Garad Jama visited Dharkayn Geenyo for the inauguration of Garad Mukhtar Garad Ali and stated that they do not belong to Somaliland or Puntland.[24]

2023 Las Anod conflict

On January 23, 2023, Garad Jama visited Las Anod for the first time in 15 years,[25][26]where he was welcomed. Garad Jama said that the Somaliland government was the cause of the chaos in Las Anod and that the city of Las Anod will no longer be controlled by Hargeisa.[27]

On January 31, Garad Jama accused the Somaliland military of being the terrorists in response to Somaliland's president describing the forces disrupting Las Anod as terrorists.[28]

See also

References
  1. "Garaad Jaamac oo gooddiyay". BBC Somali. 15 October 2009. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  2. "Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali oo weeraray Somaliland, ammaanayna Puntland iyo dowladda Somalia". 25 July 2021.
  3. Ingiriis, Mohamed Haji (2016-04-01). The Suicidal State in Somalia: The Rise and Fall of the Siad Barre Regime, 1969–1991. UPA. ISBN 978-0-7618-6720-3.
  4. "Annex 1: Resolution from Burao Elders' Meeting" (PDF).
  5. Johnson, Martha; Smaker, Meg (2014). "State Building in De Facto States: Somaliland and Puntland Compared" (PDF). Africa Today. 60 (4): 8–9. doi:10.2979/africatoday.60.4.3. JSTOR 10.2979/africatoday.60.4.3. S2CID 145347480. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  6. Somali Observatory of Conflict and Violence Prevention (2011). "Safety and security District baseline report: Las Anod": 14. Retrieved 20 September 2019. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. bbc.com (2023-02-16). "Maxaad ka taqaan afarta nin ee hoggaaminaya dadka Laascaanood ee ka soo hor jeeda Somaliland?". Retrieved 2023-03-17.
  8. Markus Virgil Hoehne (2015). "Between Somaliland and Puntland" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  9. "Annex 1: Resolution from Burao Elders' Meeting" (PDF).
  10. Johnson, Martha; Smaker, Meg (2014). "State Building in De Facto States: Somaliland and Puntland Compared" (PDF). Africa Today. 60 (4): 8–9. doi:10.2979/africatoday.60.4.3. JSTOR 10.2979/africatoday.60.4.3. S2CID 145347480. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  11. Somali Observatory of Conflict and Violence Prevention (2011). Safety and security District baseline report: Las Anod. p. 14. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
  12. MARKUS V. HÖHNE (2006). "TRADITIONAL AUTHORITIES IN NORTHERN SOMALIA: TRANSFORMATION OF POSITIONS AND POWERS" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-11-27.
  13. "Saaxdgeer Ciida Iyo Khudbadii Garaad Jaamac Garaad cali". 23 May 2020.
  14. "Madaxwaynaha Dawlad deegaanka Mustafe Muxumud Cumar ayaa kulan soo dhawayn ah iyo Hadhimo sharafeed u sameeye Garaadka Beesha SSCD Garaad Jamac Garaad Cali" Garaad saleebaan Buraale Adan iyo Caaqil Abdilaahi Hasan Qanbi". 30 June 2021.
  15. "Deg Deg Daawo Gaarad Jamac Gaarad Cali Oo Ka Qeyb Galay AAs Qaran ee Pro Ali Khalif Galaydh – KHAATUMO NEWS".
  16. "Google". 21 July 2021.
  17. "Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali, oo maanta si weyn loogu soo dhaweeyay Laascaanood". Somaliland Today. 2023-01-23. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
  18. "DEG-DEG: Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali oo 15 sano kaddib gaaray magaalada LAASCAANOOD". Puntland Times. 2023-01-23. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
  19. "Garaad Jaamac oo gooddiyay". BBC. 2009-10-15. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
  20. "Garaad Jaamac oo Eedeyn u Jeediyay Maamulka Puntland iyo Madaxweyne ku Xigeenka Khaatumo oo gaaray Buuhoodle". Hiiraan online. 2013-11-07. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
  21. "Xafladii Caleema saarka Garaad C/risaaq Gar Soofe oo soo idlaatay". Halgan.net. 2015-01-15. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
  22. "Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali: "Gunnimo Ninna kula Tartami Mayno … Go'aanka Cali Khaliifna ma aha Mid Matala Danaha Dadka Reer Khaatuma" (daawo)". daljir.com. 2017-01-18. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
  23. "Issimadda gobalka Cayn uu u ambabaxay Wardheer & DDS". daljir.com. 2019-01-11. Retrieved 2023-03-31.
  24. "Garaad Jaamac: "Saleebaan Cali Koore Waxaan Leeyahay Tallada Dhulbahante Cidna Marti Uga Noqon Mayno"". Hargeisa Press. 2020-03-12. Retrieved 2023-03-31.
  25. "Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali Garaad Jaamac oo gaaray Laascaanood". VOA Soomaaliya. 2023-01-23. Retrieved 2023-03-31.
  26. "Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali oo 15 sano lagu soo dhaweeyay Laascaanood". Horseed Media. 2023-01-23. Retrieved 2023-03-31.
  27. "Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali oo Ka Soo Horjeestay Gooni-isutaaga Somaliland". Hargeisa Press. 2023-01-23. Retrieved 2023-03-31.
  28. "Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali oo u jawaabay madaxweyne Biixi". Hiiraan online. 2023-01-31. Retrieved 2023-03-31.
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