Jean-Louis Légaré
Jean-Louis Légaré was a French-Canadian trader and one of the founding members of Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan.[1]
Jean-Louis Légaré | |
|---|---|
| Born | October 25, 1841 Saint-Jacques-de-l’Achigan (Saint-Jacques), Lower Canada |
| Died | February 1, 1918 (aged 76) Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan, Canada |
| Nationality | Canadian |
| Occupation(s) | fur trader, rancher |
| Known for | friend of Sitting Bull |
| Spouse | Marie Ouellette (Died 1876-12-04) |
| Children | Albert Joseph |
He was born in Saint-Jacques, Quebec October 25, 1841 and left in 1866 to find work first in the eastern United States, then in Minnesota. After working as a clerk and freighter around Pembina, North Dakota he opened a trading post in 1871 at Wood Mountain, Saskatchewan then a Métis hivernant settlement. He married Marie Ouellette in 1873 who bore him a son Albert Joseph. His wife died in 1876 and he never remarried.[2][3]
Between 1876 and 1881 nearly 5,000 Sioux and their chief Sitting Bull took refuge in the Wood Mountain region after the Battle of the Little Big Horn and traded at his post. By 1879 the Sioux were destitute because the buffalo had disappeared from the area.[4] Légaré spent a great deal of effort and supplies to feed the starving Sioux. Since the U.S. government offered amnesty and supplies Légaré at the request of L.N.F. Crozier (North-West Mounted Police) persuaded them to return to the United States. He accompanied Sitting Bull to Fort Buford in 1881.[5]
"On entering the fort, Sitting Bull is reported to have said to the American officers: "I heard that the Government want me to return, Jean Louis told me so I took his word And Came Back With my friend."[2]
During the North-West Rebellion in 1885 he negotiated with the federal government for the employment of 40 Métis from the area. They patrolled the Canada–United States border as scouts during the Métis resistance. [6] In the 1880s he was a cattle and horse rancher in the Willow Bunch area. Légaré became one of the first postmasters of Willow Bunch in 1898 and again in 1902 and held the position until his death on February 1, 1918.[7]
Legacy
In 1960 the Jean-Louis Légaré Regional Park was established 2 km west of Willow Bunch.
In 1969 Jean-Louis Légaré was designated by the Canadian government as being nationally significant in the history of the country.[8] A plaque in Willow Bunch reads:
"Trader and pioneer settler of Willow Bunch, where he opened a post in 1880, Jean-Louis Légaré, a native of Quebec, had entered the fur trade at Wood Mountain in 1870. He became the trusted friend and unofficial spokesman for the Indian and Métis people. When the Sioux under Sitting Bull fled to Canada in 1876 Légaré played a key role, with the N.W.M.P., in maintaining peace and persuading the Sioux to return to the United States." Parks Canada[8]
Jean-Louis Légaré was recognized in Saskatchewan with The Jean-Louis Légaré Act in 1993.
"The people of Saskatchewan hereby recognize the heroic efforts, humane compassion and personal financial sacrifice made by Jean-Louis Légaré with respect to Chief Sitting Bull and his people during their years of refuge in what is now the Province of Saskatchewan." (The Jean-Louis Légaré Act 1993)[9]
References
- "Western Development Museum(Willow Bunch)". Retrieved 2014-04-15.
- "Dictionary of Canadian Biography (Jean-Louis Légaré)". Retrieved 2014-04-15.
- "Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan (Jean-Louis Légaré)". Archived from the original on 2017-06-25. Retrieved 2014-04-15.
- "Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan History (Sitting Bull)". Archived from the original on 2014-05-05. Retrieved 2014-04-15.
- Canada. Parliament. Senate (1882). Debates of the Senate of the Dominion of Canada. p. 238.
- "Virtual Saskatchewan". Retrieved 2014-04-15.
- National Archives, Archivia Net. "Post Offices and Postmasters". Archived from the original on 2006-10-06. Retrieved 2014-03-20.
- "Parks Canada (Légaré, Jean-Louis National Historic Person)". Retrieved 2014-05-15.
- "The Jean-Louis Légaré Act" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-15.