John Marshall (surgeon)

John Marshall FRS FRCS (11 September 1818 – 1 January 1891) was an English surgeon and teacher of anatomy.

John Marshall
Portrait of John Marshall by Alphonse Legros
Portrait of Marshall by Alphonse Legros
Born(1818-09-11)11 September 1818
Ely, Cambridgeshire, England
Died1 January 1891(1891-01-01) (aged 72)
Belle Vue House, Chelsea, London, England
Resting placeEly public cemetery
52.4038°N 0.2732°E / 52.4038; 0.2732
Alma materUniversity College London
Occupation(s)Surgeon, teacher of anatomy
Known for
Title
SpouseEllen Rogers (1854–1891)
ChildrenTwo sons, two daughters
Signature

Early life and education

John Marshall was born in Ely,[1] Cambridgeshire. He was the second son and third child of the solicitor William Marshall (1776–1842) and Ann Cropley (c. 1793–1861), his second wife. Marshall entered University College, London, in 1838.[1]

Career

In 1847 Marshall was appointed assistant-surgeon at University College hospital, becoming in 1866 surgeon and professor of surgery.[1] He was professor of anatomy at the Royal Academy from 1873 until his death.[1] In 1883 he was president of the College of Surgeons, also Bradshaw lecturer (on "Nerve-stretching for the relief or cure of pain"), Hunterian orator in 1885, and Morton lecturer in 1889.[1]

Regarding Marshall's skills as a teacher and lecturer, the opinions of his former students appear to have diverged. One of them, Sir Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer, described him as "a good surgeon of the old school"[2] and as "a good friend" for whom he had "great respect and liking" but also as an "uninspiring teacher" whose lectures were "desperately dull".[3] However, another former student, Sir John Tweedy, strongly disagreed with Schafer and described Marshall's lectures as "informative and thought-awakening" and Marshall himself as "a cultured, critical and scientific surgeon, ever ready to try new paths and explore avenues of fresh knowledge".[4]

Sir William MacCormac wrote in his volume on the Centenary of the College of Surgeons (1900):

"Marshall's fame, rests on the great ability with which he taught anatomy in relation to art, on the introduction into modern surgery of the galvano-cautery, and on the operation for the excision of varicose veins. He was one of the first to show that cholera might be spread by means of drinking water, and issued a report on the outbreak of cholera in Broad Street, St James's, 1854. He also invented the system of circular wards for hospitals, and to him are largely owing the details of the modern medical student's education."[1]

Publications

The Outlines of Physiology (1867)

References
  1. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Marshall, John" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 772.
  2. Sharpey-Schafer EA (10 November 1923). "Victor Horsley Lecture: The Late Prof. John Marshall, F.R.S.". The Lancet. 202 (5228): 1058. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)55686-4.
  3. Sharpey-Schafer EA (27 October 1923). "The First Victor Horsley Memorial Lecture on the Relations of Surgery and Physiology". The Lancet. 202 (5226): 915–922. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)07666-8.
  4. Tweedy J (3 November 1923). "Victor Horsley Lecture: The Late Prof. John Marshall, F.R.S.". The Lancet. 202 (5227): 1007–1008. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)29080-1.

Further reading
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