John Wesley Berry

At the age of fourteen, Berry decided to learn a trade. He found a job at a grist mill in Jacksonville and worked there for seven years, learning every detail of the business. Later, he spent a year working in Marion, Illinois, and then as a miller in Montezuma, Indiana. He worked at the mill until he was twenty-six years old, and then bought it to run the business himself. In 1887, he sold it and left the city.[1]

Berry came to Tacoma intending to work in flour and cereal production; however, the building boom of the city diverted him from his plans. In 1887, he became one of the incorporators and trustees for the Tacoma Brick Company, and worked as a brick maker for the following year and a half. His product was used for the base of the first four-story Tacoma building: the Northern Pacific Railway headquarters. For six months afterwards, Berry and his father worked as horse dealers.[7][1]

Eventually, Berry returned to his original plan, and started to work in the production of flour and cereal. In 1888, he built the mill on Jefferson Avenue, which was the first oat and cereal mill in the West.[1][8] It was a five-story building that covered 100 ft × 100 ft (30 m × 30 m) of ground,[9] furnished with "high-grade" equipment. The mill's products were praised as "the very best."[1] In August 1892, Berry officially incorporated the Cascade Oatmeal Company and became its president. Charles W. Quinn, Berry's brother-in-law, was one of the proprietors.[10][11]

In 1892, the Cascade Oatmeal mill was engulfed in controversy, as it became the first mill in the state to struggle with weevils in their wheat. At first, the information was withheld, but later, the company's representatives asserted that the weevils had been imported with San Francisco wheat, and the local product was free of it.[12] The same year, Berry's company purchased a share of the Oakesdale Milling Company flour mill.[13] However, due to business difficulties, the partnership was soon dissolved and the mills in Tacoma and Oakesdale were temporarily closed.[14]

In 1893,the trade relationship between America and southeast Asia began. According to workers on the route, flour was in high demand, and the milling business was considered very profitable. By this time, Berry had already begun to expand a new flour mill producing100–150 U.S. dry bbl (10–15 MTON) a day. The new mill was located near the old one on Jefferson Avenue.[15][16]

In 1895, the Cascade Oatmeal Company was reorganized into the Cascade Cereal Company of Tacoma, with incorporators John Berry, N. M. L. Berry, and M. E. Quinn.[17][1] In 1900, the company expanded, building another warehouse and a plant for pearl barley production. Cascade Cereal Company had 25 employees, producing 150 U.S. dry bbl (15 MTON) of flour, 100 U.S. dry bbl (10 MTON) of rolled oats, and 100 U.S. dry bbl (10 MTON) of meal daily. Its output value was $300,000 ($785,000 in 2020 dollars[note 2]). At the time, five Tacoma companies worked in the business, and their total output was appraised at $2,000,000 ($52,000,000[note 2]). The Cascade Cereal Company was second in sales after the Puget Sound Flouring Mills, which had an output value of $1,500,00 ($39,000,000[note 2]).[19][20] Cascade Cereal Company successfully bid on government contracts and supplied its products to various state institutions, including the Western Washington hospital, the state reform school, and the Soldier's home.[21][22][23]

During the U.S. economic depression of 1893–1897, Berry lost control of the mill. J. G. Deming became the president of the company, and Berry continued as its manager.[note 3][1][24][25] Later, the company was bought by Albers Brothers,[26] and Berry continued working under the presidency of Bernard Albers.[27][28][29][4]

Berry was interested in mechanics throughout his life. Eventually, he invented and patented an "automatic self–tightening split–wood pulley."[6][30] Deciding to pursue a career in this field, he was one of the organizers (in 1901), incorporators (in 1902), and at different times, a vice president, treasurer, and manager of the Deming-Berry Company (which replaced the Tacoma Automatic Scale Company). The new factory manufactured and supplied automatic scales as well as pulleys, clutches, sprockets, and other mechanical devices. The company's building was located on Jefferson Avenue, alongside the Cascade Cereal mill.[6][31][32][4]

At first, device production only required two employees, but the number of orders grew rapidly and the company soon needed to expand. There were plans to erect a much bigger manufacturing plant on Center Street. The planned facility, powered by electricity, included a two-story brick factory, warehouse, and a brick kiln.[6] The plans were ruined by the fire that destroyed two of Berry's establishments with all of the equipment.[8]

On July 24, 1903, the Cascade Cereal Company, the Deming-Berry Company, and all of the machinery for the new factory were destroyed by fire. It took 35 minutes for the Cascade mill building to collapse, and for the fire to spread to neighboring buildings.[8]

The generally accepted cause of the fire was a spark from a passing locomotive that ignited the shavings in one of the Cascade mill rooms on the ground floor.[33][8] In the annual fire department report, the fire was named one of the four "largest fires the department ever had to handle." The report appraised the financial loss of the fire at $97,000 ($2,500,000[note 2]).[34]

Berry's total loss was appraised at $125,000 ($3,270,000[note 2]);[8] and the worth of the destroyed property was estimated at $150,000 ($4,000,000[note 2]).[9] Berry himself declared his loss "a heavy one" and "one which will prove a hard blow to the two big establishments."[4] At the time, the Cascade Cereal mill's worth was estimated at $90,000 ($2,300,000[note 2]), and the pulley factory's value was $45,000 ($1,100,000[note 2]).[8] The total insurance payment for both buildings was about $80,000 ($2,000,000[note 2]).[35]

After the fire, Berry left the milling business, instead working as a real estate loans and insurance agent. He became a member of the Berry & Spaulding Company and the president of the B. S. Security Co.[36]

In later years, Berry was occasionally involved in the milling business. In 1913 he was put in charge of the new flour, cereal and feed mill established by the businessmen of the Consumers' Manufacturing & Supply Association.[37] Later, in 1921, he was also among the incorporators for the Sumner Grain & Milling Company in Sumner, Washington.[38]

In February 1894, Berry became a trustee for the officially incorporated Bank of Tacoma.[39] Later that year he served as its director, and in 1895, he became a vice president of the bank.[40][41]

For seven years Berry was a superintendent of the Washington State Sunday School and taught a class of twenty-five girls.[6] In 1900, he was among the members of the executive committee for the Sunday School convention.[42]