Sultan of Johor

The Sultan of Johor is a hereditary seat and the sovereign ruler of the Malaysian state of Johor. In the past, the sultan held absolute power over the state and was advised by a bendahara. Currently, the role of bendahara has been taken over by first minister (Malay: Menteri Besar) with the constitutional monarchy system via Johor State Constitution. The Sultan is the constitutional head of state of Johor. The Sultan has his own independent military force, the Royal Johor Military Force (Malay: Askar Timbalan Setia Negeri Johor). The Sultan is also the Head of Islam in Johor state.[1]

This article is about the office of the Sultan of Johor. For the history of the Johor Sultanate, see Johor Sultanate. For the modern Johor state, see Johor.
Sultan of Johor
Sultan and Yang-di Pertuan of the State of Johor, The Abode of Dignity and its dependencies
State
Incumbent
Sultan Ibrahim Ismail Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj
since 23 January 2010
coronation 23 March 2015
Details
StyleHis Majesty
Heir apparentTunku Ismail Ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail
First monarchAlauddin Riayat Shah II
Formation1528 (1528)
ResidenceIstana Bukit Serene, Johor Bahru
Websitekemahkotaan.johor.gov.my
The Johor Sultan's Headgear (Solek Temenggong). This headgear from the State at the End of the Land is one of the costumes of the last Sultan Ismail of Johor. The design of this headgear is based on the style of the Split Coconut headdress.

History

The first sultan of Johor was Alauddin Riayat Shah II. He was the son of the last sultan of Malacca, Sultan Mahmud Shah. The descendants of the Sultanate of Malacca in Johor ended with the death of Sultan Mahmud Shah II in 1699 and throne was taken over by Sultan Abdul Jalil IV, marking the rule of the House of Bendahara. Abdul Jalil IV was a bendahara before the death of the sultan.

Though Johor has been ruled over by at least 20 sultans, Sultan Abu Bakar who reigned from 1862 to 1895, was the first sultan of the current ruling family, the House of Temenggong.[2] His father, Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim, managed to consolidate enough power to marginalize Sultan Ali who died in 1877.

Office-holder

The office of sultan is currently held by Sultan Ibrahim Ismail Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj, who was proclaimed as the 23rd Sultan of Johor on 23 January 2010 and crowned on 23 March 2015 at the Istana Besar, Johor Bahru. His father, Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail Al-Khalidi, a great-grandson of Sultan Abu Bakar died on 22 January 2010; the death was announced that night. Ibrahim Ismail, the Tunku Mahkota of Johor (Crown Prince of Johor), was appointed as the Pemangku Raja (Regent) of Johor on the same day. The funeral was held on 23 January after the proclamation of Sultan Ibrahim Ismail.

List of office bearers
Sultans of JohorReign
Malacca-Johor dynasty
Alauddin Riayat Shah II1528–1564
Muzaffar Shah II1564–1570
Abdul Jalil I1570–1571
Ali Jalla Abdul Jalil Shah II1571–1597
Alauddin Riayat Shah III1597–1615
Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah1615–1623
Abdul Jalil Shah III1623–1677
Ibrahim Shah1677–1685
Mahmud Shah II1685–1699
Bendahara dynasty
Abdul Jalil Shah IV (Bendahara Abdul Jalil)1699–1720
Malacca-Johor dynasty (claim)
Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah I (Raja Kecil)1718–1722
Bendahara dynasty
Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah1722–1760
Abdul Jalil Muazzam Shah1760–1761
Ahmad Riayat Shah1761–1770
Mahmud Shah III1770–1811
Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah I1811–1819
Ahmad Hussein Muazzam Shah1819–1835
Ali Iskandar Muazzam Shah1835–1855
Temenggong dynasty
(Sultan of Modern Johor)
Abu Bakar al-Khalil1886–1895
Ibrahim al-Masyhur1895–1959
Ismail al-Khalidi1959–1981
Iskandar al-Mutawakkil Alallah1981–2010
Ibrahim Ismail[3]2010–present

Timeline

Genealogy tree
  • Dato Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun Daeng Ibrahim l ibni al-Marhum Dato Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun ‘Abdu’l Rahman, Maharaja of Johor
       (8 December 1810 – 10 March 1855 – 31 January 1862, ancestor of the sultanal Temenggong dynasty)
    • Sultan Abu Bakar al-Khalil Ibrahim Shah ibni al-Marhum Dato’ Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim (3 February 1833 – 31 January 1862 – 4 June 1895)
      • Sultan Ibrahim al-Mashur ibni al-Marhum Sultan Abu Bakar (17 September 1873 – 4 June 1895 – 8 May 1959)
        • Tunku Muhammad Khalid ibni Tunku Mahkota Ibrahim Iskandar
        • Sultan Ismail ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ibrahim (28 October 1894 – 8 May 1959 – 10 May 1981)
          • Tunku 'Abdu'l Jalil ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ismail (11 May 1924 – 16 May 1925)
          • Tunku 'Abdu'l Rahman ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ismail (29 July – 16 September 1930)
          • Paduka Sri Sultan Mahmud Iskandar Al-Haj ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ismail (8 April 1932 – 10 May 1981 – 22 January 2010)
            Enche’ Besar Hajjah Kalthom binti ‘Abdu’llah (b. in England, 2 December 1935 – 1 June 2018), née Josephine Ruby Trevorrow
            • Sultan Ibrahim Ismail ibni al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Iskandar al-Haj (Born 22 November 1958 – enthroned 23 January 2010 – )
              Raja Zarith Sofia binti al-Marhum Sultan Idris al-Mutawakil Allah Afifu’llah Shah, princess of Perak (14 August 1959 – )
              • Tunku Ismail Idris ‘Abdu’l Majid Abu Bakar Iskandar ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Mahkota (Crown Prince, 30 June 1984 – )
              • Tunku Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah binti Sultan Ibrahim Ismail (8 April 1986 – )
              • Tunku Idris Iskandar Ismail ‘Abdu’l Rahman ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Temenggong (25 December 1987 – )
              • Tunku ‘Abdu’l Jalil Iskandar ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Laksamana (5 July 1990 – 5 December 2015)[5]
              • Tunku ‘Abdu’l Rahman Hassanal Jeffri ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Panglima (5 February 1993 – )
              • Tunku ‘Abu Bakar ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Putera (30 May 2001 – )

See also

References
  1. Wong Chun Wai (27 September 2017). "Dressing down for launderette". The Star. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
  2. Nadarajah, Johore and the Origins of British Control, pg 44
  3. "Tunku Ibrahim Ismail Proclaimed As Sultan Of Johor". Bernama. 23 January 2010. Archived from the original on 1 March 2010. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
  4. Johor Sultan appoints his grandson as Raja Muda
  5. Zazali Musa (5 December 2015). "Johor prince Tunku Jalil dies of cancer". The Star. Retrieved 28 June 2018.

Notes
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Monarchs of Johor.
  • Nesalamar Nadarajah, Johore and the Origins of British Control, 1895–1914, Arenabuku, 2000, ISBN 967-970-318-5
  • T. Wignesan, "A Peranakan's View of the fin de siècle monde malais – Na Tian Piet's Endearing syair of Epic Proportions" [partial tranls. with introduction and notes to Na Tian Piet's "Sha'er of the late Sultan Abu Bakar (of Johor)"]in The Gombak Review, Vol. 4,N° 2 (International Islamic University Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, 1999, pp. 101–121.
  • T. Wignesan. Sporadic Striving amid Echoed Voices, Mirrored Images and Stereotypic Posturing in Malaysian-Singaporean Literatures. Allahabad: Cyberwit.net, 2008, pp. 196–218. ISBN 978-81-8253-120-8
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