Jorge Rigamonti

Ciudad Guayana, Bolivar State, Venezuela

CARBONORCA Service Buildings from Jorge Rigamonti - zigzag umbrella roof - 1984

Commissioned by Corporación Venezolana de Guayana (CVG), this project aimed at making more humane industrial buildings in Ciudad Guayana, creating a portico reinterpreting the coastal walkway along the Orinoco River in the neighboring colonial city of Ciudad Bolívar.[7] The four buildings that integrate the project showcase Rigamonti's concept of "the umbrella roof culture versus the wall culture",[2] integrating elements that provide shade creating a gentler microclimate, in contrast to the ordinary elements that only delimit and exclude exterior space. Accordingly, Rigamonti integrates double roofs, covered corridors, pergolas and porticos creating a dialogue between interior and exterior spaces.[2] In 1991, the project was part of the exhibition “Architecture and the Tropics, Venezuela” presented at the fifth International Architecture Biennial of Venice and at the Maison de l'Architecture of Paris, France, among others. In 1998, the project obtains the First Prize in the “Office, Commerce and Tourism” category of the ninth National Biennial of Architecture of Venezuela.[1]

Inaugurated in 1993 - Cayo Crasquí, Los Roques Archipelago National Park, Venezuela

Cayo Crasqui Ecological Tourism Camp from Arch Jorge Rigamonti - 1993

The campsite implemented architecture with a minimum environmental impact, built from biodegradable materials, wood and canvas using traditional assembly methods. The campsite generated its own electricity and desalinated sea-water for drinking. Wastewater was treated in bio-percolators consisting of large cylinders filled with corallite stone, and was used for watering the native vegetation. The roofs of service buildings enabled channeling rainwater into subterranean tanks for emergency water supply.[8] The campsite consisted of 5 buildings and 25 tents. The tents were designed to withstand high winds, were removable, and were composed of: double tops; double canvas walls; and wooden venetian blind doors and adjustable windows, providing good cover from the sun, ventilation, and optimal natural climatic comfort.[9] The central building with a circular base consisted of four modules surrounding a patio, creating both an ancient and modern architecture at the same time.[7] The camp operated open to the public from 1993 to 1996 when it ceased to operate having been part of the assets intervened by FOGADE (Bank Deposits Social Protection Fund) following the Venezuelan banking crisis of 1994. The project was part of the exhibition “Homo Ecologicus, Towards a Culture of Sustainability” at the Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona, Spain, 1996. Also, it was among the finalist projects for the 1993/98 period at the first Ibero-American Biennial of Architecture, Urbanism and Civil Engineering, Madrid, Spain, 1998.[1]

Inaugurated for the XV National Sport Games - San Carlos, Cojedes State, Venezuela

Gymnastics Arena of San Carlos from Arch Jorge Rigamonti - interior - 2003

The building was conceived as an artificial hill that recalls the surrounding topography and is permeable to wind and light while preventing the penetration of tropical rain. It creates a large covered space of 102 x 66 meters without columns and with a natural microclimate. The roof is made of a tubular structure "mesh" that forms a dome shape with an orthogonal base.[1][10]

Inaugurated for the XVI National Sport Games - San Cristóbal, Táchira State, Venezuela
The San Cristobal Gymnastics Arena was the evolution of its predecessor the San Carlos Gymnastics Arena. Like its predecessor it resembles a soft artificial hill defined by a broad stepped roof built from insulating sheets and a light metallic tubular structure arched in both directions. The tropical vegetation and openings located throughout the inner perimeter create a natural microclimate, generating natural ascending ventilation that lowers the temperature of the inner environment, while also softening the exterior daylight. Also, the garden edges isolate the arena from external view and noises.[11] In 2006, the project received the “2005 Ministry of Culture Prize”, and the building was declared “Cultural Heritage” by the Venezuelan Institute of Cultural Heritage.[12]

Ciudad Guayana, Bolívar State, Venezuela

SIDOR Service and Dining Center by Arch Jorge Rigamonti - interior unfinished - 1976

The multifunctional building was designed to serve 3800 meals per hour through a system of peripheral dining rooms surrounding a central food station, shortening the distance walked by users. The building's Mayari Weathering steel enclosing elements allowed mitigated access of light and breeze, while prevented the passage of rain. These enclosures with their natural dark brown oxide color, combined with the hanging vegetation in the peripheral prefabricated boxes, contrasted with the neighboring buildings that excessively reflect the intense tropical sun. The building construction started in 1976. However, by 1979 the construction was halted and the building was left abandoned.

Cabimas, Zulia State, Venezuela

Petroleum Museum of Venezuela project drawing by Jorge Rigamonti - Facade - 1984

Commissioned by Petróleos de Venezuela S.A. PDVSA (Venezuela's state oil company), the project had an overarching goal of creating a major tourism and recreational center. The project took inspiration from: Lake Maracaibo with its original “Palafitos” (stilt house) and its modern days oil rigs; the oil refineries; the Venezuelan land represented by the Tepui Guayanes; and the tropical vegetation (which was recreated throughout the park and building). Inside the museum's building, visitors would follow a path similar to that of oil as it is extracted. They would circulate from the underground level through a “Geological Tunnel” into the circular metallic grid platform suspended above a water pond, with an unexpected view through an inclined oil derrick. Visitors would then take the transparent-walled elevator inside the “refinery distillation tower” located at the center of the “Vertical Patio” with square base surrounded by reflecting glass walls that produce the effect of an infinite refinery. The tour would then continue downwards through the spiral ramp (located inside the cylindrical building), where visitors view the “infinite refinery” on the outside, and an exhibition on the inside about products derived from oil. The enclosing cylinder was itself surrounded by a lightweight tubular structure forming a cube with façades partially covered with vines (climber-plants). In 1987, the project was awarded the “Best Unbuilt Project” Prize at the VIII Architecture National Biennial of Venezuela.[1]

Baruta, Caracas, Venezuela
The project included a bus terminal with shops and other services for the local community. Also, the building connected to an adjacent cultural center via a pedestrian bridge. The project aimed at providing a comfortable natural micro climate to users through facades with vertical gardens permeable to wind, and a large "umbrella" roof that provided shade while partially letting in sunlight. It received the "Acknowledgement prize 2005 Latin America” at the International Holcim Awards for sustainable construction.[13]