José María Cervantes y Velasco

José María Gómez de Cervantes y Altamirano de Velasco Padilla y Ovando (14 May 1786 – 3 December 1856), Count of Santiago de Calimaya and Marquess of Salinas, was a Mexican army officer who signed the Act of Independence of the Mexican Empire along Agustín de Iturbide and his uncle, Juan María Cervantes y Padilla.

José María Cervantes y Velasco
Portrait of a young man with his upper head shaved, wearing a green coat, white vest and holding a black hat with his left hand.
In 1802, at the age of 17
(portrait by Ignacio Ayala)
Born
José María Gómez de Cervantes y Altamirano de Velasco Padilla y Ovando

14 May 1786
Mexico City, New Spain
Died3 December 1856
Mexico City, Mexico
NationalityMexican
TitleCount of Santiago de Calimaya, Marquis of Salinas del Rio Pisuegra
RelativesJuan María Cervantes y Padilla (uncle)

He was the son of Ignacio Gómez de Cervantes and doña Marina Altamirano de Velasco, countess of Santiago de Calimaya and Marquise of Salinas.[1] He entered the Spanish royal army in 1810 as captain in the Distinguished Patriots of Ferdinand VII battalions created by Viceroy Francisco Javier Venegas, rose to colonel in 1813 and joined the Mexican independence movement in 1815.[2]

He married twice in his life; first to doña María Michaus y Oroquieta and the later to doña Ana María Ozta y Cotera, Marquise of Rivascacho, with whom he had a son: don José María Cervantes Ozta, who inherited his title and, after marrying doña Magdalena Ayestarán, fathered don Ignacio Cervantes Ayestarán, the last count of Santiago de Calimaya before Mexico's independence, who married Carmen Cauz and had not descendants; and Guadalupe Cervantes Ayestarán who married Don Francisco Cauz and whose descendants would have inherited the titles.[1]

Portrait by Ignacio Ayala

His portrait is part of the Museum Collection Fund and the Dick S. Ramsay Fund of the Brooklyn Museum, but it is not on view.[2] It was signed and dated Ygnacio Ayala pto. Mo. a. 1802, and according to María Concepción Amerlinck, it's attributed to Ignacio Remigio Ayala,[3] author of a portrait of Manuel Valdés (a famous printer and publisher) and several other works that hanged in 1807 at the Convent of La Merced, in Mexico City.[4]

The portrait —measuring 83.82 by 63.8 centimetres (33.00 in × 25.12 in) and painted in oil over canvas— shows Cervantes with his upper head shaved, wearing a green silk dress coat and white vest embroidered with flowers in Neoclassical style, lace frill and sleeves, and holding a tricorn black hat with his left hand while keeping his right hand inside the coat at heart level; a posture common in male portraits of the period according to the Brooklyn Museum.[2] According to Amerlinck, his stiff posture and tube-like rendering of his arms indicate an early search for abstraction pursued by some local artists of the period.[3]

References
  1. Ortega y Pérez Gallardo, Ricardo (1902). Estudios Genealógicos (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico City: Imprenta de Eduardo Dublán. pp. 130–50. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
  2. "Don José María (Gómez de) Cervantes y Altamirano de Velasco". Collections: European Art. Brooklyn Museum. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
  3. Amerlinck de Corsi, María Concepción (1994). "Pintura de retrato". México en el mundo de las colecciones de arte: Nueva España (in Spanish). Vol. 2. Mexico City: Grupo Azabache. pp. 246–47. ISBN 968-6963-40-5. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
  4. Toussaint, Manuel (1965). Pintura colonial en México (in Spanish). Mexico City: Imprenta Universitaria. pp. 172, 208.
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