Joseph Connolly (architect)

Joseph Connolly (1840–1904) was an Irish Canadian architect, born in Limerick, Ireland. He trained as an architect under James Joseph McCarthy in his native Ireland before coming to North America.[1] Connolly specialized in Gothic Revival architecture. He is known for the churches he designed throughout Ontario, mainly for the Irish Roman Catholic community, though he also produced some industrial and residential buildings.

Joseph Connolly
Born1840
Limerick, Ireland
Died1904
NationalityIrish Canadian
OccupationArchitect
BuildingsChurch of Our Lady Immaculate, Guelph, St. Peter's Cathedral Basilica, London, St. Paul's Basilica, Toronto
Ontario's Historical Plaque For Joseph Connolly

Biography

After completing training with James Joseph McCarthy, the 'Irish Pugin', Joseph Connolly advanced to become McCarthy's chief assistant in the 1860s and subsequently went on a study tour through Europe.[2] He started a practice in Dublin in 1871, but moved shortly after to Toronto where he partnered with surveyor Darrin Martin, an association that lasted until 1877. From the 1880s, he worked with Arthur W. Holmes. Joseph Connolly died of bronchial asthma in 1904.[3]

Style

Though he also designed secular buildings, Connolly is known for his Gothic Revival churches. He emulated J.J. McCarthy and George Ashlin, the most successful Roman Catholic church architects in Ireland during Connolly's formative years.[4] His work bears some similarities to his contemporaries in Ireland such as William Hague.[5]

Works
Church Name Location Year Completed Image
St. John the Evangelist ChurchArthur, Ontario1874.[6]St. John the Evangelist Church
Church of the Immaculate ConceptionFormosa, Ontario1875.[7]Church of the Immaculate Conception
St. Patrick's Roman Catholic ChurchHamilton, Ontario1875.[8]St Patrick Catholic Church, Hamilton - Exterior
St. Peter ChurchAyton, Ontario1876.[9]St. Peter Church
Basilica of Our Lady ImmaculateGuelph, Ontario1877-1926Church of Our Lady Immaculate, Guelph
St. Joseph's ChurchMacton, Ontario1878.[10]St. Joseph's Church
James Street Baptist ChurchHamilton, Ontario1879.[11]James Street Baptist Church
St. Peter's Cathedral BasilicaLondon, Ontario1877-1926St Peters Basilica
St. Mary's Roman Catholic ChurchToronto, Ontario1881-1905St. Mary's Church, Toronto
St. Mary's Pro-CathedralSault Ste. Marie, Michigan1881.[12]St. Mary's Pro-Cathedral
St. Patrick's ChurchKinkora, Ontario1882.[13]St. Patrick's Church
Holy Cross Church (now Église Sacré-Coeur)Georgetown, Ontario1885Église du Sacré-Cœur - Georgetown, ON
St. Basil's Church additionToronto, Ontario1886.[14]St. Basil's Church, Toronto
St. Joseph's ChurchChatham, Ontario1886[15]

St. Joseph's Church, Chatham

St. Mary's Cathedral enlargementKingston, Ontario1889[16]St. Mary's Cathedral, Kingston
Holy Cross Roman Catholic ChurchKemptville, Ontario1889[17]
St. Paul's BasilicaToronto, Ontario1889St. Paul's Basilica, Toronto
St. Michael's Cathedral redecoration and alterationsToronto, Ontario1890[18]St. Michael's Cathedral (Toronto)
St. Paul's ChurchDornoch, Ontario1890.[19]St. Paul Church - Dornoch
St. John the Evangelist Roman Catholic ChurchGananoque, Ontario1891.[20]St. John's Catholic Church, Town of Gananoque
St. Gregory the Great Roman Catholic ChurchPicton, Ontario1892[21]

Church of the Good ThiefKingston, Ontario1892Church of the Good Thief, Kingston

References
  1. "Gothic Revival Architecture and Joseph Connolly". Catholic Canada. 2010-10-23. Archived from the original on 2011-02-10. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  2. Thurlby, Malcolm (May 2004). "Two Late Nineteenth-century Roman Catholic Churches in Toronto by Joseph Connolly: St Mary's, Bathurst Street and St Paul's, Power Street" (PDF). Ecclesiology Today (33): 30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  3. Thurlby, Malcolm (1986). "The Irish-Canadian Pugin: Joseph Connolly" (PDF). Irish Arts Review. 3 (1): 16. Retrieved 2012-02-06.
  4. Thurlby, Malcolm (May 2004). "Two Late Nineteenth-century Roman Catholic Churches in Toronto by Joseph Connolly: St Mary's, Bathurst Street and St Paul's, Power Street" (PDF). Ecclesiology Today (33): 35. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  5. Thurlby, Malcolm (May 2004). "Two Late Nineteenth-century Roman Catholic Churches in Toronto by Joseph Connolly: St Mary's, Bathurst Street and St Paul's, Power Street" (PDF). Ecclesiology Today (33): 36. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  6. Thurlby, Malcolm (2005). "Joseph Connolly in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kingston, Ontario" (PDF). The Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada. 30 (2): 25–38. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  7. "Gothic Revival Architecture and Joseph Connolly". Catholic Canada. 2010-10-23. Archived from the original on 2011-02-10. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  8. "Gothic Revival Architecture and Joseph Connolly". Catholic Canada. 2010-10-23. Archived from the original on 2011-02-10. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  9. Thurlby, Malcolm (2005). "Joseph Connolly in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kingston, Ontario" (PDF). The Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada. 30 (2): 25–38. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  10. Thurlby, Malcolm (2005). "Joseph Connolly in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kingston, Ontario" (PDF). The Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada. 30 (2): 25–38. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  11. Thurlby, Malcolm (May 2004). "Two Late Nineteenth-century Roman Catholic Churches in Toronto by Joseph Connolly: St Mary's, Bathurst Street and St Paul's, Power Street" (PDF). Ecclesiology Today (33): 30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  12. Thurlby, Malcolm (May 2004). "Two Late Nineteenth-century Roman Catholic Churches in Toronto by Joseph Connolly: St Mary's, Bathurst Street and St Paul's, Power Street" (PDF). Ecclesiology Today (33): 30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  13. "Gothic Revival Architecture and Joseph Connolly". Catholic Canada. 2010-10-23. Archived from the original on 2011-02-10. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  14. Krawczyk, Bob. "Detailed Structure Information - St. Basil's Church". TOBuilt. Retrieved 2010-12-17.
  15. Thurlby, Malcolm. "Heritage Churches in the Niagara Region: An Essay on the Interpretation of Style". Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada. 43 (2): 67–95. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
  16. McKendry, Jennifer. "Chronology of Kingston Architecture". Retrieved 2010-12-17.
  17. Thurlby, Malcolm (May 2004). "Two Late Nineteenth-century Roman Catholic Churches in Toronto by Joseph Connolly: St Mary's, Bathurst Street and St Paul's, Power Street" (PDF). Ecclesiology Today (33): 30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  18. Krawczyk, Bob. "Detailed Structure Information - St. Michael's Cathedral". TOBuilt. Retrieved 2010-12-17.
  19. Thurlby, Malcolm (2005). "Joseph Connolly in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kingston, Ontario" (PDF). The Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada. 30 (2): 25–38. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  20. Thurlby, Malcolm (May 2004). "Two Late Nineteenth-century Roman Catholic Churches in Toronto by Joseph Connolly: St Mary's, Bathurst Street and St Paul's, Power Street" (PDF). Ecclesiology Today (33): 30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2010-12-16.
  21. Thurlby, Malcolm (1986). "The Irish-Canadian Pugin: Joseph Connolly" (PDF). Irish Arts Review. 3 (1): 18. Retrieved 2012-02-06.
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