Jozef Janssens

Jozef Marie Aloys Janssens de Varebeke (29 May 1854, Sint-Niklaas - 29 June 1930, Antwerp) was a Belgian painter, known for his portraits and religious works.

Self-portrait (1918),
detail from a larger painting

Biography
Portrait of Antoon Stillemans

Jozef Janssens was the eldest child of the industrialist and politician, Theodoor Janssens, and his wife Marie-Angélique, née Beeckman (1834–1889). His father drew as a hobby, and numbered several artists among his friends, including Jan Swerts and Godfried Guffens. After graduating from the gymnasium in his hometown, Jozef worked in his father's factory and then attended the Jesuit college in Bergen. During this time, he also took drawing lessons from Swerts. In 1872, when his father received a visit from Franz Ittenbach and Karl Müller, two painters from Düsseldorf, they saw Jozef's drawings and recommended that he undertake formal studies.

These were begun with Ittenbach, at his studio in Düsseldorf.[1] He worked there until late 1874. He also took professional advice from the religious artist, Ernst Deger. Later, he worked with Guffens in Brussels. In 1876, he went to Rome where, thanks to a recommendation from Ittenbach, he was able to study with Ludovico Seitz. From Rome, he would often visit Monte Cassino, where Desiderius Lenz, founder of the Beuron Art School, was painting the church tower; together with his associates Gabriel Wüger and Fridolin Steiner.

In 1880, he completed his studies there, and returned to Antwerp; establishing his own studio in 1884. He was married there, to Marie Lucie, née Hye-Hoys (1866–1950), and they had eight children.

In addition to his canvases, from 1890 to 1910 he provided decorative paintings for the Jesuit church in Leuven, the Beguine monastery in Ghent and the Maredsous Abbey in Namur, as well as the Cathedral of Our Lady in Antwerp.[2] Many of his portraits were of clergymen; notably Popes Leo XIII and Pius X, the Archbishop of Mechelen, Désiré-Joseph Mercier, and the Bishop of Ghent, Antoon Stillemans. In 1904, Pius X presented him with the Order of St. Sylvester.

During World War I, he lived as a refugee in Manchester, where he made his living as a portrait painter. Among his subjects there were the physicist, Ernest Rutherford and his daughter Eileen.

Veronica Showing the Veil

Hs younger brother, Frans, was a Catholic priest and a scientist, involved in genetic research. He is credited with discovering chromosomal crossover.

References
  1. Bettina Baumgärtel, Sabine Schroyen, Lydia Immheiser, Sabine Teichgröb: "Verzeichnis der ausländischen Künstler und Künstlerinnen. Nationalität, Aufenthalt und Studium in Düsseldorf". In Bettina Baumgärtel (Ed.): Die Düsseldorfer Malerschule und ihre internationale Ausstrahlung 1819–1918. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-702-9, Vol. 1, pg. 433
  2. Josef Janssens: Die sieben Schmerzen Mariens. Gemäldezyklus in der Kathedrale zu Antwerpen. Gesellschaft für christliche Kunst, Munich, 1909

Further reading
  • Guy Janssens de Varebeke: "Un maître du portrait: Joseph Janssens de Varebeke (1854–1930)". In: Le Parchemin, # 415 (May/June 2015), pp.322–328.
  • Herman Stynen, De onvoltooid verleden tijd. Een geschiedenis van de monumenten- en landschapszorg in België 1835-1940, Stichting Vlaams Erfgoed, 1998 ISBN 978-90-7563-721-2
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jozef Janssens.
  • Guy Janssens de Varebeke & Michel Verwilghen, Jozef Janssens, 1854-1930. Peintre de l'art religieux et maître du portrait, 2020 (Online)
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