Jumada al-Awwal

Jumada al-Awwal (Arabic: جُمَادَىٰ ٱلْأَوَّل, romanized: Jumādā al-ʾAwwal, lit. 'The initial Jumada'), also known as Jumada al-Ula (Arabic: جُمَادَىٰ ٱلْأُولَىٰ, romanized: Jumādā al-ʾŪlā, lit. 'The first Jumada'), or Jumada I, is the fifth month of the Islamic calendar. Jumada al-Awwal spans 29 or 30 days. The origin of the month's name is theorized by some as coming from the word jamād (Arabic: جماد), meaning "arid, dry, or cold",[1] denoting the dry and parched land and hence the dry months of the pre-Islamic Arabian calendar. Jumādā (Arabic: جُمَادَىٰ) may also be related to a verb meaning "to freeze", and another account relates that water would freeze during this time of year. The secondary name Jumādā al-Ūlā may possibly mean "to take charge with, commend, entrust, commit or care during the arid or cold month".[1] However, this explanation is rejected by some as Jumada al-Awwal is a lunar month that does not coincide with seasons as solar months do.

Jumada al-Awwal
The Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca was signed between the Ottoman Empire and Russian Empire in this month
Native nameجُمَادَىٰ ٱلْأَوَّل (Arabic)
CalendarIslamic calendar
Month number5
Number of days29-30 (depends on actual observation of the moon's crescent)
Islamic calendar
Months
  1. Muharram
  2. Safar
  3. Rabi' al-Awwal
  4. Rabi' al-Thani
  5. Jumada al-Awwal
  6. Jumada al-Thani
  7. Rajab
  8. Sha'ban
  9. Ramadan
  10. Shawwal
  11. Dhu al-Qadah
  12. Dhu al-Hijjah

In the Ottoman Turkish language used in the Ottoman Empire, the name of the month was Jèmāzìyyu-'l-èvvel,[2] or G̃émazi lèlèvvèl.[3] In Turkish, it was abbreviated Jā,[2] or G̃a.[4] In Turkish today the spelling is Cemaziyelevvel.

Timing

The Islamic calendar is a purely lunar calendar, and months begin when the first crescent of a new moon is sighted. Since the Islamic lunar year is 11 to 12 days shorter than the solar year, Jumada al-Awwal migrates backwards throughout the seasons in a cycle of about 33 solar years. The estimated start and end dates for Jumada al-Awwal are as follows (based on the Umm al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia[5]):

Jumada al-Awwal dates between 2020 and 2024
AH First day (CE/AD) Last day (CE/AD)
1442 16 December 2020 13 January 2021
1443 05 December 2021 03 January 2022
1444 25 November 2022 24 December 2022
1445 15 November 2023 13 December 2023
1446 03 November 2024 02 December 2024

Islamic events
  • On 5 Jumada al-Awwal, Zainab bint Ali was born.
  • On 8th Jumada al-Awwal, URS Sayyid Amir al-Kulal Amir Kulal.
  • On 10 Jumada al-Awwal 11 AH, Fatima bint Muhammad (Fatima al-Zahra) beloved daughter of Prophet Muhammad died in Medina at the young age of 23 years according to Sunni Muslim sources.
  • On 13 Jumada al-Awwal 11 AH, Fatima bint Muhammad was buried by her husband Ali.
  • On 15 Jumada al-Awwal, Ali ibn Husayn (Zayn al-Abideen) was born.
  • On 20 Jumada al-Awwal 857, Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II conquered Constantinople.

See also

References
  1. Günel, Fuat (1993). "CEMÂZİYELEVVEL - An article published in Turkish Encyclopedia of Islam". TDV Encyclopedia of Islam (in Turkish). Vol. 7 (Cafer es-Sadik - Çiftçilik). p. 319. ISBN 978-97-53-89434-0.
  2. Redhouse, J.W. (1880). REDHOUSE'S TURKISH DICTIONARY. p. 513.
  3. Youssof, R. (1890). Dictionnaire portatif turc-français de la langue usuelle en caractères latins et turcs. Constantinople. p. 177.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  4. Youssof, R. (1890). Dictionnaire portatif turc-français de la langue usuelle en caractères latins et turcs. Constantinople. p. 170.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. Umm Al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia
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