Zapodidae

Zapodidae, the jumping mice, is a family of mouse-like rodents in North America and China.

Zapodidae
Temporal range:
Zapus hudsonius preblei
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Superfamily: Dipodoidea
Family: Zapodidae
Coues, 1875
Genera

Eozapus
Napaeozapus
Zapus

Synonyms

Zapodinae

Although mouse-like in general appearance, these rodents are distinguished by their elongated hind limbs, and, typically, by the presence of four pairs of cheek-teeth in each jaw. There are five toes to all the feet, but the first in the fore-feet is rudimentary, and furnished with a flat nail. The tail makes up about 60% of its body length and is used to gain balance while jumping. The cheeks have pouches. The Sichuan jumping "yeti" mouse (Eozapus setchuanus) from China can be identified by the ‘Y’ marking on its belly.

Jumping mice live in wooded areas, grassy fields and alpine meadows. When disturbed, they can leap eight to ten feet at a time, diminishing to three to four as they widen the gap between them and any pursuer. They are nocturnal and generally live alone. Nests are often found in clefts of rocks, among timber, or in hollow trees. Typically, they will have two to three litters per year.

Taxonomy

Formerly classified in the subfamily Zapodinae alongside the birch mice and jerboas within the greater family Dipodidae, phylogenetic analysis has found the jumping mice, birch mice, and jerboas to each form their own family, with Dipodidae being restricted to the jerboas. All three families are thought to belong to the greater superfamily Dipodoidea.[1]

Classification

There are 11 recent species listed by the American Society of Mammalogists as of 2021.[2]

Family Zapodidae, jumping mice

Fossil genera

In addition, four fossil genera are also definitively known:[3][4][5]

  • Genus †Javazapus
  • Genus †Pliozapus
  • Genus †Sinozapus
  • Genus †Sminthozapus

See also

References
  1. Lebedev, Vladimir S.; Bannikova, Anna A.; Pagès, Marie; Pisano, Julie; Michaux, Johan R.; Shenbrot, Georgy I. (2013). "Molecular phylogeny and systematics of Dipodoidea: a test of morphology-based hypotheses". Zoologica Scripta. 42 (3): 231–249. doi:10.1111/zsc.12002. ISSN 1463-6409. S2CID 86686066.
  2. Database, Mammal Diversity (2021-08-10), Mammal Diversity Database, retrieved 2021-09-27
  3. "Mammal Species of the World - Browse: Zapodinae". www.departments.bucknell.edu. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
  4. "Fossilworks: Zapodidae". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
  5. "Mindat.org". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
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