Justicia flaviflora

Justicia flaviflora is a species of herbaceous plant in the family Acanthaceae. It was previously classified as Beloperone flaviflora. The species is endemic to the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean republic of Trinidad and Tobago where it is only known from near the peaks of mountains in the Northern Range. It is an erect herb with leaves up to 27 cm (11 in) long. It is suffering from habitat degradation and has become increasingly rare, being now rated as "critically endangered".

Justicia flaviflora
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Acanthaceae
Genus: Justicia
Species:
J. flaviflora
Binomial name
Justicia flaviflora
Synonyms

Beloperone flaviflora Turrill[2]

Distribution

Specifically, it is only known from several locations in the Heights of Aripo, one of the highest points in Trinidad's Northern Range.[3] Justicia flaviflora is an erect herb with leaves up to 27.5 centimetres (11 inches) long and around 11 centimetres (4 inches) broad. The corolla of the flower is cylindrical, about 2.8 cm (1.1 in) long.[4]

Taxonomy

The species was originally described as Beloperone flaviflora in 1922 by the English botanist William Bertram Turrill based on collections made by Robert O. Williams in the same year.[4] Turrill considered it a close relative of a Mexican species, Beloperone tenera (now J. tenera).[4] Its currently accepted name, Justicia flaviflora was coined by the American botanist Dieter C. Wasshausen in 1995, reflecting the predominant view that the members of the genus Beloperone should actually be considered members of the genus Justicia.[5] As of 2006, the species was last known to have been collected in 1993. Collections of J. flaviflora are known to exist in the herbaria of the British Museum and at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.[6]

Status

Although Justicia flaviflora is not listed as an endangered species on the IUCN Red List, the authors of a 2008 assessment of the endemic plant species of Trinidad and Tobago considered the species critically endangered. Reasons cited for this were the fact that the species is known only from only two localities, and that this area is shrinking. The species is experiencing a severe case of habitat degradation.[3] The IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria published in 2001 specifically states that a species is considered critically endangered if it has limited geographic range both in the extent of the species' occurrence (criterion B1) and the area (criterion B2) that the individuals occupy within that range.[7]

See also

References
  1. Oatham, M.; Van den Eynden, V.; Johnson, W. (2017). "Justicia flaviflora". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T115945619A115968116. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T115945619A115968116.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. "Justicia flaviflora". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. 2009-01-26.
  3. Van den Eynden, Veerle; Michael P. Oatham; Winston Johnson (2008). "How free access internet resources benefit biodiversity and conservation research: Trinidad and Tobago's endemic plants and their conservation status". Oryx. 42 (2): 400–07. doi:10.1017/S0030605308007321.
  4. "Decades Kewenses. Plantarum Novarum in Herbario Horti Regii Conservatarum. Decas CVI". Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens, Kew). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 6 (1922): 183–88. 1922. doi:10.2307/4107461. JSTOR 4107461.
  5. Wasshausen, Dieter C. (1995). "A New Species, New Combinations, and a New Name in Acanthaceae from Northern South America". Brittonia. New York Botanical Garden Press. 47 (4): 422–25. doi:10.2307/2807572. JSTOR 2807572. S2CID 37674002.
  6. Van den Eynden, V. (2006). "Review of endemic plants of Trinidad and Tobago". Retrieved 2009-02-01.
  7. IUCN (2001). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1 (PDF) (2001 ed.). IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. p. 30. ISBN 2-8317-0633-5.
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