Kaempferia rotunda

Kaempferia rotunda
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Zingiberales
Family:	Zingiberaceae
Genus:	Kaempferia
Species:	K. rotunda
Binomial name
	Kaempferia rotunda; L.
Synonyms[1]
	Kaempferia bhucampac Jones; Zerumbet zeylanica Garsault; Kaempferia longa Jacq.; Kaempferia versicolor Salisb.;

Kaempferia rotunda is a plant species in the ginger family. It is native to China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan), the Indian subcontinent (including Assam, Nepal and Bangladesh), Indochina, and widely cultivated elsewhere. It is reportedly naturalized in Java, Malaysia and Costa Rica.[1][2][3]

Kaempferia rotunda is a spicy plant with many medicinal uses in Ayurvedic and allopathic medicinal systems. This plant is also called[4] bhumi champa, Indian crocus, peacock ginger, and round-rooted galangale.

K. rotunda is found in various parts of India and adjoining regions, but seldom in the wild. The plant is groomed in small herbal nurseries for applications in medicine preparation. As its Sanskrit name bhumi champa (bloom from within earth) implies, the indigo-coloured flower shoots from within the soil. In fact, the flower emerges much in advance of the whitish leafy shoot. The flower and leaf are never seen at the same time.[5]

The flower contains the toxin benzyl benzoate used to make ointments to treat scabies.[6] It has potential antioxidant effects.[7]

References

Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Flora of China, v 24 p 369, 海南三七 hai nan san qi, Kaempferia rotunda Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 3. 1753.
Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
"Kaempferia rotunda – Bhumi Champa". Flowers of India. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
Nair, R. Vasudevan (2004). Controversial drug plants. Bio Briefs Series. Vol. Biodiversity library (Illustrated ed.). Hyderabad: Universities Press India (pvt) Ltd., 2004. p. 257. ISBN 978-81-7371-469-6.
Nugroho, Bambang W.; et al. (1996). "Insecticidal constituents from rhizomes of Zingiber cassumunar and Kaempferia rotunda". Phytochemistry. 41 (1): 129–132. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(95)00454-8.
J. Priya Mohanty; L. K. Nath; Nihar Bhuyan; G. Mariappan (2008). "Evaluation of antioxidant potential of Kaempferia rotunda Linn". Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 70 (3): 362–364. doi:10.4103/0250-474X.43002. PMC 2792529. PMID 20046746.

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[cardamom-1] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[2] Flora of China, v 24 p 369, 海南三七 hai nan san qi, Kaempferia rotunda Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 3. 1753.

[3] Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh 12: 1-505. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.

[4] "Kaempferia rotunda – Bhumi Champa". Flowers of India. Retrieved March 23, 2011.

[5] Nair, R. Vasudevan (2004). Controversial drug plants. Bio Briefs Series. Vol. Biodiversity library (Illustrated ed.). Hyderabad: Universities Press India (pvt) Ltd., 2004. p. 257. ISBN 978-81-7371-469-6.

[icrz-6] Nugroho, Bambang W.; et al. (1996). "Insecticidal constituents from rhizomes of Zingiber cassumunar and Kaempferia rotunda". Phytochemistry. 41 (1): 129–132. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(95)00454-8.

[7] J. Priya Mohanty; L. K. Nath; Nihar Bhuyan; G. Mariappan (2008). "Evaluation of antioxidant potential of Kaempferia rotunda Linn". Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 70 (3): 362–364. doi:10.4103/0250-474X.43002. PMC 2792529. PMID 20046746.