Karamat Ali Karamat

Karamat Ali Karamat (1936–2022) was an Indian Urdu poet, author, literary critic, and mathematician. Karamat is known for collecting and introducing Odisha's Urdu literature to the Urdu-speaking world. His works include Aab e Khizar (1963), Shu'aon Ki Salīb (1972), Izāfi Tanqīd (1977), Lafzon Kā Aasmān (1984), and Lafzon Kā Ākāsh (2000). Karamat received the 2004 Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize for his Urdu translation, Lafzon Kā Ākāsh.

Doctor

Karamat Ali Karamat
BornKaramat Ali
23 September 1936
Odia Bazar, Cuttack, Orissa Province, British India
Died5 August 2022(2022-08-05) (aged 85)
Cuttack, Odisha, India
OccupationPoet, literary critic, writer, translator, and mathematician
LanguageUrdu, Odia, and English
NationalityIndian
CitizenshipBritish India
India
EducationB.Sc
M.Sc
Ph.D
Alma materRavenshaw Collegiate School
Ravenshaw College
Sambalpur University
Years active1953–2022
Notable works
  • Aab e Khizar
  • Lafzon Ka Aakāsh
  • Izāfi Tanqīd
Notable awardsSahitya Akademi Translation Prize for Urdu (2004)
Spouse
Zubaida Ali
​
​
(m. 1959; died 2020)​

Early life and education

Karamat was born in Odia Bazar, Cuttack, on 23 September 1936, to Rahamat Ali Rahmat (1891–1963) and Wazeerun Nisa.[1][2][3] Karamat's father was a year ahead of Subhas Chandra Bose (1897–1945) at Ravenshaw Collegiate School, and Bose and Rahmat placed first in their respective classes.[4] Rahmat was a mathematician, an intellectual, and an Urdu poet.[5]

Karamat learned to read the Quran, basic Urdu, and Persian from Muhammad Kāzim Sūngravi. He also learned Persian from his father, learned science and Odia literature from tutor Jadumani Rath, and developed a command of mathematics (particularly geometry).[4][6] After finishing his primary education, Karamat completed his ninth standard at Khallikot Collegiate School in Berhampur[7] and passed his 10th standard (matriculation) in the first division of Ravenshaw Collegiate School in Cuttack in 1952.[8] In 1954, he passed the intermediate examination in the first division at Ravenshaw College in Cuttack.[9][10] Karamat received Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees from Ravenshaw College in 1956 and 1958, respectively,[11] and received a gold medal in addition to his master's degree.[12][13]

In 1978, he began doctoral studies at Sambalpur University under the supervision of Mahendranath Mishra. Karamat's thesis on probability theory in mathematics was entitled "Some Properties of Random Equations", and he received his Ph.D. on 13 November 1982.[8][14] American mathematician Albert Turner Bharucha-Reid included Karamat's research formulas from his thesis in his own book, Random Polynomials.[15][16]

Teaching career

Karamat joined the Odisha Educational Service as a lecturer in mathematics on 8 September 1958, and was a lecturer at S. K. C. G. College, Paralakhemundi.[8][14] On 13 July 1959, he became a permanent lecturer in the department of mathematics at Ravenshaw College in Cuttack for a year.[11][17] Karamat was a lecturer at S. K. C. G. College, Paralakhemundi, from 1961 to 1963, and lectured at Science College, Angul, from 1963 to 1966.[18] He returned to Ravenshaw College, Cuttack, in 1966 as a lecturer and remained there until 1969.[18] From 1969 to 1979, Karamat was a reader and chaired the department of mathematics at Sundargarh College in Sundargarh.[19]

He was a reader at Khallikote College in Berhampur from 10 July to 10 November 1979.[18] Karamat was then appointed principal of Kendrapara College, remaining there until 1980.[19] He was a reader at Buxi Jagabandhu Bidyadhar College in Bhubaneswar from February 1981 to May 1982 and at Shailabala Women's College in Cuttack from June to October 1982.[8] From October 1982 to 1986, Karamat was vice principal of Ravenshaw College.[18] He was a professor and headed the mathematics department at Khallikote Autonomous College in Berhampur from February 1986 to 1989, and he was principal of the college until 1990.[18] Karamat was appointed president of the Bhubaneswar Service Selection Board in 1990[18] and retired from government service on 30 June 1995.[20]

Personal life

Karamat married Zubaida Ali, the second daughter of Abdur Rafiq Khan of Talpatak,[15][21] Jagatsinghpur district,[22] on 23 May 1959.[15] They had one son, Qutb Kāmran, and three daughters: Sanobar Sultāna, Durr e Shahvār and Rafī'a Rubāb.[21] In January 2005, he and Zubaida made Hajj. Zubaida died on 26 January 2020.[9]

Literary works

Poetry and criticism

Karamat had been interested in literature since he was a college student. Among his poetry teachers were Rehmat Ali Rehmat and Amjad Najmi.[23][24][25] Karamat learned Arabic prosody from Manzar Hasan Desnavi at Ravenshaw College,[26][10] and Mazhar Imam was his advisor for Urdu prose literature in Cuttack.[27][28]

He wrote his first ghazal on 15 February 1953, and his first nazm (poem) on 31 December 1954.[29] At the initiative of Mazhar Imam, Karamat collected poems by Odisha's Urdu poets and short biographical sketches and introduced them to the Urdu world in Aab e Khizar in 1963.[27][28][30] In June 1965[31] (a year before the publication of Shabkhoon), he published the bi-monthly magazine Shakhsar in Cuttack; it was edited by Amjad Najmi.[27][32]

Karamat presented Urdu criticism in a novel, rational way;[33][34][35] his critical-essay collections include Izāfi Tabqīd (1977) and Naye Tanqīdi Masāʼil Aur Imkānāt (2009).[9] He presented the theory of relativity, expanding the theory of relative criticism first used in Frederick Albert Pottle's book The Idiom of Poetry (1946).[34][35][36] Pottle considered poetry as absolute and criticism as additional; however, Karamat considered both poetry and criticism to be additional.[34][35]

Wahab Ashrafi wrote that Karamat has a special place in literature as a poet and critic, and his commitment to mathematics gives his criticism a new dimension.[1] According to Unwan Chishti, Karamat's poetry has the colour and harmony of "contemporary awareness", which he has expressed by making the development of science and technology a part of consciousness.[37] Gopi Chand Narang said that he has long been a believer in and admirer of Karamat's poetry, agreeing with Firaq Gorakhpuri that his writings compel reflection.[38]

Translation

Karamat translated works by Odia poets and novelists into Urdu to bring the languages closer together.[39] In addition to translating the Odia poems of Sitakant Mahapatra,[40] he translated Shabdara Ākāsha (Mahapatra's poetry collection) into Urdu and received the Sahitya Academy Translation Prize (2004) from Gopi Chand Narang for Lafzon Ka Ākash in 2005.[39][41][42][43][44] Karamat's other translations included poetry and fiction by Bidhu Bhusan Das, Sachi Routray, Chintamani Behera, Ramakanta Rath, Sourindra Barik, Brahmotri Mohanty, Pratibha Satpathy, Niranjan Padhi, Laxmi Narayan Mahapatra, Surendra Mohanty, Manoj Das, Gopinath Mohanty and Ramchandra Behera.[39][45] Shamsur Rahman Faruqi said, "My indefatigable friend Karamat Ali Karamat, in addition to being a fine Urdu poet and critic, is also a tireless translator. He has done much to make Odia writers known to Urdu readers."[46]

Awards and honours

In addition to the 2004 Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize, Karamat was recognised for his contributions to poetry, literature, and mathematics by the Urdu Academies of Bihar, Odisha, and Uttar Pradesh, the Najmi Academy in Cuttack, the All India Mir Academy in Lucknow, and the Odisha Mathematical Society.[47][48][49][50] Azizur Rehman Aziz received his doctoral degree from Ranchi University, supervised by Wahab Ashrafi. Aziz's thesis was entitled Karāmat Alī Karāmat Ka Fikr o Fan (transl. The Thought and Art of Karamat Ali Karamat).[51]

In 1990, A. Russell translated Karamat's Urdu poems into English in The Story of the Way and Other Poems with[52][53][54] Jayant Mahapatra, Laxmi Narayan Mahapatra, Rajinder Singh Verma, Prafulla Kumar Mohanty, Sailendra Narayan Tripathy, P. Asit Kumar, Kamal Masoompuri, Zohra Jabeen, and M. A. Ahad. Selected Poems of Karāmat Alī Karāmat was published in 2012.[55][52] Elizabeth Kurian Mona translated more of Karamat's poems in God Particle and Other Poems,[56][57][52][9][58] and Anwar Bhadraki translated his Urdu poems into Odia as Ekānta ra swara (transl. The Outcry of Loneliness).[9]

Books

Karamat's books include:

  • Aab e Khizar: A 1963 collection of selected poems by Odisha poets, with short biographical sketches
  • Shuāʻon Ki Salīb (1972)
  • Izāfi Tabqīd (1977)
  • Lafzon Ka Āsmān (1984)
  • Lafzon Ka Ākāsh (2002)
  • Shākh e Sanobar (2006)
  • Naye Tanqīdi Masāʼil Aur Imkānāt (2009)
  • Gulkada e Subh o Shām (2016)
  • Kulliyāt e Amjad Najmi (2017)
  • Māhir e Iqbāliyāt: Shaikh Habībullāh (2019)
  • Odia Zabān o Adab: Ek Mutālaʻah (2020)
  • Mere Muntakhab Pesh lafz (2021)
  • The Story of the Way and Other Poems (translated in 1990 by A. Russell)
  • Selected Poems of Karāmat Alī Karāmat (translated in 2012 by Jayanta Mahapatra and others)
  • God Particle and Other Poems (translated in 2021 by Elizabeth Kurian Mona)
  • Ekānta ra swara (translated into Odia by Anwar Bhadraki)[59][60][61]

Death

Karamat died on 5 August 2022 in Cuttack, while his funeral prayer was performed at Qadam Rasool, Dargah Bazar, Cuttack on 6 August and he was buried in the cemetery of Qadam Rasool.[62][63][64][65][66][67]

References

Citations
  1. Ashrafi, Wahab (2007). "Karāmat Alī Karāmat". Tareekh e Adab (in Urdu). Delhi: Educational Publishing House. pp. 1100–1101. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  2. Dutt, Kartik Chandra (1999). Who's Who Of Indian Writers. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 283. ISBN 9788126008735. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  3. Rahman & Jāmi 2022, pp. 30–33.
  4. Naqueeb 2014, p. 12–33.
  5. Newalpuri 2001, p. 161.
  6. Rahman & Jāmi 2022, pp. 34.
  7. Naqueeb 2014, p. 12, 33.
  8. Karāmat 2016, p. 07.
  9. Mayūrbhanji, Md Rūhul Amīn (28 July 2022). "کرامت علی کرامت: حیات و خدمات" [Karāmat Alī Karāmat: Life and works] (in Urdu). qindeelonline.com. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  10. Rahman & Jāmi 2022, pp. 35.
  11. Siddiqui 2012, p. 13.
  12. Karāmat 1963, p. 178.
  13. Newalpuri 2001, p. 298.
  14. Rahman & Jāmi 2022, pp. 35–36.
  15. Rahman & Jāmi 2022, pp. 36.
  16. Bharucha-Reid, Albert T.; Sambandham, M. (1986). "D. The Number of Real Zeroes: Coefficients Have a Symmetric Stable Distribution". Random Polynomials (1st ed.). London NW1 Oval Road: Academic Press Inc. (London) Ltd. pp. 74–77, 100.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  17. Rahman & Jāmi 2022, pp. 36–37.
  18. Rahman & Jāmi 2022, pp. 37.
  19. Siddiqui 2012, p. 44.
  20. Karāmat 2016, p. 08.
  21. Siddiqui 2012, pp. 15.
  22. Karāmat 2016, p. 7.
  23. Karāmat 2006, p. 09-10.
  24. Karāmat 1963, p. 173.
  25. Naqueeb 2014, p. 38.
  26. Siddiqui 2012, p. 41.
  27. Karāmat 2006, p. 11.
  28. Newalpuri 2001, p. 299.
  29. Siddiqui 2012, p. 34-35.
  30. Mohanty, Gopinath (2002). Cultural Heritage of [Orissa]. Bhubaneswar: State Level Vyasakabi Fakir Mohan Smruti Samsad. p. 32. ISBN 9788190276153. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  31. Newalpuri 2001, p. 294.
  32. Siddiqui 2012, p. 45.
  33. Najmi, Amjad, ed. (1966). "Naqsh e Auwal". Bi-monthly Shakhsar (in Urdu). Cuttack: Amjad Najmi, Buxi Bazar. 2 (4): 2. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  34. Akhtar, Saleem. "Izāfi Tabqeed (Relative criticism)". Tabqeedi Dabistān (in Urdu) (1997 ed.). Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications. pp. 32–33. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  35. Newalpuri 2001, p. 300.
  36. Shahzād, Salīm (1998). Farhang e Adabiyyāt: Lisāni o Adabi Istilāhāt Ka Tauzīhi o Tanqīdi Mutāla'ah (in Urdu). Maligaon: Manẓar Numā Publishers. p. 103. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
  37. Chishti, Unwan. "Shu'aon Ki Salīb". Harf e Barhana (in Urdu) (March 1989 ed.). Ansari Road, Muzaffarnagar: Rang Mahal Publications. p. 157-156. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  38. Najmi, Amjad, ed. (1966). "Shu'aon Ki Salīb Mu'āsirīn Ki Nazar Mein". Bimonthly Shakhsar (in Urdu). Cuttack: Amjad Najmi, Buxi Bazar. 2 (47): 16. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  39. Siddiqui 2012, p. 40-41.
  40. Behera, Karuna Sagar; Paṭṭanāẏaka, Jagannātha; Das, H. C. (1990). Cuttack, One Thousand Years. Cuttack: Cuttack City Millennium Celebrations Committee, The Universe. p. 16. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  41. Siddiqui 2012, p. 14-15.
  42. "URDU – List of Sahitya Akademi Urdu Translation Prize Recipients".
  43. Rao, S. Balu (2004). Five Decades: The National Academy of Letters, India : a Short History of Sahitya Akademi. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 167. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  44. Vikram, Nand Kishore (November 2009). "Sahitya Akademi ke Urdu Trājim par In'āmāt ki dastyāb tafsīl". Aalami Urdu Adab (Volume 29) (in Urdu). Delhi: Aalami Urdu Adab. p. 290. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  45. Rahman & Jāmi 2022, pp. 407–408.
  46. Faruqi, Shamsur Rahman. "The Truth of Fictions" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  47. Karāmat 2016, p. 10.
  48. Wadia, Sophia, ed. (1978). "About Karāmat". The Indian P.E.N. Mumbai: P.E.N. All-India Centre. 44: 14. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
  49. Qaumi, Niyaaz (1993). آل انڈیا میر اکادمی لکھنؤ: اردو زبان و ادب کی ترویج و بقا کے لیے تین دہائیوں پر محیط کارگزاریوں کا اجمالی جائزہ [All India Mir Academy Lucknow: An overview of activities spanning three decades for the promotion and survival of Urdu language and literature] (in Urdu) (1st ed.). Lucknow: All India Mīr Academy. pp. 56–58. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  50. Narang, Gopi Chand; Azmi, Abdul Latīf. ہندوستان کے اردو مصنفین اور شعرا [Urdu writers and poets in India] (in Urdu) (1996 ed.). Delhi: Urdu Academy. p. 433. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  51. Karāmat 2006, p. 07.
  52. Rahman & Jāmi 2022, pp. 387.
  53. Bardis, Panos, ed. (March 1992). "THE STORY OF THE WAY AND OTHER POEMS (Karamat Ali Karamat): Book review by Jaunita Larada". International Journal on World Peace. New York: Professors World Peace Academy. 9 (1): 99–101. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
  54. Office, LOC, ed. (1991). "About Karāmat". Accessions List, South Asia. New Delhi: E.G. Smith for the U.S. Library of Congress Office. 11: 1109. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
  55. Sarma, U Atreya (16 October 2016). "Karamat Ali Karamat: Selected Poems (Book review)". www.boloji.com. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
  56. Fathima, Asma (16 April 2022). "Book Review: God Particle and Other Poems". Boloji.com. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
  57. Sharma, Anurag; Sharma, Sunil, eds. (October 2021). "Book Review: God Particle and Other Poems by Semeen Ali". Setu (Bilingual Monthly). Pittsburgh, U.S.A. 6 (5): 112. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
  58. Karāmat, Karāmat Alī; Mona, Elizabeth Kurian (2021). "Foreword 1 by Prof. Prafulla Kumar". God Particle and Other Poems (1st ed.). New Delhi: Educational Publishing House. p. 7. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
  59. Siddiqui 2012, p. 14.
  60. Karāmat 2016, p. 8 - 9.
  61. Rahman & Jāmi 2022, p. 41 - 42.
  62. "مشہور شاعر و ادبی نقاد کرامت علی کرامت کا انتقال" [Famous poet and literary critic Karamat Ali Karamat passed away]. baseeratonline.com (in Urdu). Baseerat News Service. 6 August 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  63. "مشہور شاعر، ادیب و ناقد کرامت علی کرامت کا انتقال" [Famous poet, writer and critic Karamat Ali Karamat passed away]. qindeelonline.com (in Urdu). Qindeelonline. 6 August 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  64. Farīd, Ashraf; Farīd, Tāriq, eds. (7 August 2022). "پروفیسر کرامت علی کرامت کی رحلت سے پورا ادبی حلقہ سوگوار" [The entire literary circle mourned the death of Professor Karamat Ali Karamat]. Qaumi Tanzeem Daily (in Urdu). Patna: Qaumi Tanzeem. 62 (112): 8.
  65. Alvi, Ahmed Ibrahim, ed. (7 August 2022). "پروفیسر کرامت علی کرامت کی رحلت سے پورا ادبی حلقہ سوگوار: آج نمناک آنکھوں سے کٹک کے قدم رسول قبرستان میں سپردِ خاک" [The entire literary circle mourns the death of Professor Karamat Ali Karamat: Today, with moist eyes, he was laid to rest in the Qadam Rasool cemetery of Cuttack]. Aag Daily (in Urdu). Lucknow. 16 (162): 12.
  66. "پروفیسر کرامت علی کرامت کی رحلت سے پورا ادبی حلقہ سوگوار" [The entire literary circle mourned the death of Professor Karamat Ali Karamat]. Akhbār e Mashriq Daily (in Urdu). Kolkata: Akhbār e Mashriq. 43 (213): 8. 6 August 2022.
  67. "ସମ୍ବାଦ (Sambād)" (in Odia). Bhubaneswar: Sambad. 6 August 2022. p. 13. Retrieved 20 December 2022.

Bibliography
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