Kempananjammanni Devi

Kempananjammanni Devi (1866–1934) was the Maharani of Mysore and later queen mother and regent of the Kingdom of Mysore.

Kempananjammani Devi
C.I.
Maharani of Mysore
Maharani Vani Vilasa with grandson Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar
BornKempananji
1866
Kalale, Kingdom of Mysore
Died7 July 1934 (aged 6768)
Bangalore, Kingdom of Mysore
SpouseChamarajendra Wadiyar X
IssueKrishnaraja Wadiyar IV
Kanteerava Narasimharaja Wadiyar
Jayalakshmi Ammani
Krishnaraja Ammani
Chaluvaja Ammani
HouseWadiyar dynasty
FatherNarasarajae Urs
MotherKempananjammanni
ReligionHinduism

She was the wife of Maharaja Chamarajendra Wadiyar X and the mother of Maharaja Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV. She was queen regent between 1895 and 1902–during the minority of Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV. She occupies as significant place in the annals of Mysore's history. Her contributions to the citizenry and her roles as maharani, regent, and queen mother to the young prince Yuvaraja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV, have been commended.

Life

Kempananji was born in the village of Kalale near Mysore in 1866. She was married to the crown-prince Yuvaraja Chamarajendra Wadiyar X on 26 May 1878. With the marriage, she assumed the Kannada honorary suffix ammanni (for queen) and the Sanskrit one devi. In 1881, the Rendition of Mysore Act 1881 was passed carried, restoring the government of the kingdom from British India back to the natural prince, who was now 18. The kingdom had been restored nearly after 50 years to the Wadiyars since the fall of Tipu in 1799 and the abolishment of monarchy in 1831 by British India. In 1884, Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV was born to the royal couple. In quick succession, they also had another son, Kanteerava Narasimharaja Wadiyar, and three daughters.

Vani Vilas Regency

Maharaja Chamarajendra Wadiyar, while on a visit to Calcutta in 1894, developed diphtheria and succumbed to sudden death there, thus abruptly cutting short a promising reign that lasted only 13 years. He was just 32 and had already left his mark as an excellent leader. His death suddenly created a government crisis in the kingdom as Prince Krishnarajendra Wadiyar IV was still in minority. The unexpected tragedy was regarded as a great national misfortune throughout India and was deplored by the British Government as an imperial loss. The royal family plunged into great sorrow and the citizens were said to have felt orphaned.

The burden of governing the kingdom fell on Maharani Kempananjammanni. History posed a new challenge to her: a severe bubonic plague struck the capital Mysore city, reducing the population in half. Under such circumstances, she was nominated as queen-regent, a post she held for about eight tough years, from 1895 to 1902, and served the people with great aplomb, dignity, devotion, discipline, and distinction. She earned the respect of one and all for the fabulous way she held forth. The regency was named Vani Vilasa Sannidhana, or regency.

She was advised by Diwans Sri C.V. Rangacharlu and later by Sir K. Seshadri Iyer at that time. Sir T. R. A. Thumboo Chetty, a former Chief Justice of Mysore and a senior member of the Regency Privy Council, was also an acting diwan for Iyer. She was also assisted by her brother Sir M. Kantaraj Urs, later diwan, as her private secretary. She helped Mysore recover from slump. Progress in all fields resulted from their efficient administration and blessed the entire citizenry. Generation of electricity from the river Kaveri, promoting the Indian Institute of Science, construction of the Vani Vilas Sagara dam (also known as the Māri-Kanave Valley aqueduct), construction of the new palace, extension of new localities in Mysore, water supply through pipes (Vani Vilas Waterworks), and laying of foundation stone of Victoria Hospital in Bangalore were enough testimony. The British Crown decorated her with a CI for her distinguished leadership.

…there are three jewels in Mysore's history, who have struggled for the country's good. Maharani Lakshamanni, Maharani Sitavilasa Sannidhana, and Maharani Vani Vilasa Sannidhana [Kempa Nanjammani]. She was not only a mother to Krishnara Wadiyar, but also to all the citizens. For the contributions they have made, their names deserve to be written in golden letters…

Prof. Rao Bahadur R Narasimhachar

Maharani Kempananjamanni was a great believer in women's education; under her patronage, Maharani's College got all due attention. She was a staunch follower of Hinduism, but respected all faiths equally.

Retirement and last days

She retired when Krishnarajendra Wadiyar IV came of age when, on 8 August 1902, the yuvaraja ascended the throne that marked the end of memorable regency and the beginning of what was to become Mysore's golden era, an era that came to be known by the encomium ramarajya.

After a brief illness, she died on the midnight of 7 July 1934, in Bangalore.[1]

Legacy

There are many edifices in the city of Mysore with the prefix 'Vani Vilasa': Waterworks (Vani Vilasa Sagara dam), Maternity Hospital, Girls High School and College, Bridge, Ladies Club, and Road, which, to this day, commemorate her memory.

References

  1. "Queen Mother of Mysore Dead". The Indian Express. 9 July 1934. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.