Korea Independence Party

The Korea Independence Party (KIP; Korean: 한국독립당) was a political party in South Korea.

Korea Independence Party
한국독립당
韓國獨立黨
FounderJo So-ang
Founded1928, in Shanghai, Republic of China
Dissolved1970
HeadquartersShanghai, Republic of China (1928-1945)
Seoul, South Korea (from 1945)
Armed wingKorean Independence Army
Ideology
Political positionCentre-right to right-wing
Korea Independence Party
Hangul
한국독립당
Hanja
韓國獨立黨
Revised RomanizationHanguk Dongnipdang
McCune–ReischauerHan'guk Tongniptang

History

The party was established in Shanghai by Kim Koo in 1928, uniting a faction of conservative members of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea headed by Kim.[5] When Kim was able to return to Korea in 1945, the KIP began operating in the country. Kim was initially supportive of Syngman Rhee, but a dispute over holding separate elections in South Korea (Kim was opposed, Rhee was for) led to a split and the party did not participate in the 1948 parliamentary elections in South Korea. However, Kim was a candidate in the indirect presidential elections in July 1948, losing heavily to Rhee.

When Kim was assassinated in 1949, the party went into a sharp decline. It participated in the 1950 parliamentary elections, but received only 0.3% of the vote, failing to win a seat. It received the same vote share in the 1960 elections, again failing to win a seat. It nominated Chŏn Chin-han as its candidate for the May 1967 presidential elections; he finished fifth in a field of six candidates with 2.1% of the vote. Despite increasing its vote share to 2.2% in the June 1967 parliamentary elections, the party remained seatless.

Election results

President

Election Candidate Votes  % Result
1948 Kim Gu 13 6.67 Not elected
1967 Chŏn Chin-han 232,179 2.10 Not elected

Vice President

Election Candidate First round Second round Result
Votes  % Votes  %
1948 Kim Gu 65 32.99 62 31.63 Not elected

House of Representatives

Election Leader Votes  % Seats Position Status
Constituency Party list Total +/–
1950 17,745 0.25
0 / 210
new 10th Extra-parliamentary
1960 26,649 0.29
0 / 233
Steady 5th Extra-parliamentary
1963 128,162 1.38
0 / 131
0 / 44
0 / 175
Steady 12th Extra-parliamentary
1967 240,936 2.22
0 / 131
0 / 44
0 / 175
Steady 6th Extra-parliamentary

House of Councillors

Election Leader Votes  % Seats Position Status
1960
0 / 58
Extra-parliamentary

References

  1. "한국독립당(韓國獨立黨)". 한국민족문화대백과사전 (Encyclopedia of Korean Culture) (in Korean). Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  2. 정영훈, ed. (1999). 홍익 인간 이념 연구. 한국 정신 문화 연구원. p. 137.
  3. 이이화, ed. (1994). 한국사 의 주체적 인물들. 여강 출판사. p. 392.
  4. 이재영, ed. (2016). 신일철, 그의 철학과 삶. 고려대학교 출판문화원. p. 422. ISBN 9788971050033. 1929년 조소앙에 의해 기초된 한국 독립당의 강령에 있는 "균점", "평등"의 3균주의적 표현에서 사회민주주의의 경향을 엿볼 수 있다.
  5. Haruhiro Fukui (1985) Political parties of Asia and the Pacific, Greenwood Press, p671
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