Holy Cross Church, Bergen

Holy Cross Church[1][2] (Norwegian: Korskirken) is a special parish church in Bergen municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is situated in the centre of the city of Bergen, just east of the head of the Vågen bay. The church is located at the intersection of the streets Kong Oscars gate and Nedre Korskirkeallmenning. It is one of the churches for the Bergen domprosti parish which is part of the Bergen domprosti (arch-deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The large stone church was built in a cruciform design around the year 1150 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 600 people.[3][4]

Holy Cross Church
Korskirken
View of the church
60°23′42″N 5°19′40″E
LocationBergen, Vestland
CountryNorway
DenominationChurch of Norway
Previous denominationCatholic Church
ChurchmanshipEvangelical Lutheran
History
StatusSpecial parish church
Foundedc. 1150
Consecratedc. 1150
Architecture
Functional statusActive
Architectural typeCruciform
Completedc. 1150 (1150)
Specifications
Capacity600
MaterialsStone
Bells1
Administration
DioceseBjørgvin bispedømme
DeaneryBergen domprosti
ParishBergen domkirke
TypeChurch
StatusAutomatically protected
ID84827

History

The oldest part of the church dates back to the second half of the 12th century. The first church on the site was built around the year 1150. Holy Cross Church was first mentioned in Sverris saga from 1185. At the time of construction, the church was situated on the shore of Vågen, probably marking the southern border of settlement in Bergen.

The name refers to the True Cross (and not to its cruciform plan), and is rendered in English as "Holy Cross Church" or "Church of the Cross". This is because it was, as one of only a handful Norwegian churches, in possession of a relic from the True Cross. This relic was later stolen by the Danish king, along with several other relics from all over the country, during the Reformation.

Holy Cross Church was damaged in the fires of 1198, 1248, 1413, 1582, 1623, 1640 and 1702; the church originally had two towers, but one was destroyed in the 1582 fire and never rebuilt. It was originally built with straight rectangular plan. The church got its cruciform plan when transepts were added around 1615-1623.[5][6][7]

In 1814, this church served as an election church (Norwegian: valgkirke).[8][9] Together with more than 300 other parish churches across Norway, it was a polling station for elections to the 1814 Norwegian Constituent Assembly which wrote the Constitution of Norway. This was Norway's first national elections. Each church parish was a constituency that elected people called "electors" who later met together in each county to elect the representatives for the assembly that was to meet in Eidsvoll later that year.[8][10]

The church was a parish church for Holy Cross Church parish in central Bergen from 1320 until 2002. In 2002, several urban parishes in central Bergen were merged to form the "Bergen domkirke" parish. At the same time, Holy Cross Church ceased to be a regular parish church. It was given over to the Church City Mission (Kirkens Bymisjon), and is now a special church in the urban parish. The church is an "open church" that is staffed every day so that people can experience silence or participate in the lighting of candles, conversation, community, attending church services, or listening to music. The Church City Mission focuses a lot on social work among the urban neighborhood as well as religious outreach.[11]

  • Aerial view
    Aerial view
  • Holy Cross Church Tower
    Holy Cross Church Tower
  • Holy Cross Church Side View
    Holy Cross Church Side View
  • Holy Cross Church Entrance
    Holy Cross Church Entrance
  • Holy Cross Church Cemetery
    Holy Cross Church Cemetery
  • Interior view
    Interior view
  • Interior view
    Interior view
  • Interior door
    Interior door

See also

References
  1. Nes, Solrunn (2004). The Mystical Language of Icons. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans. p. 111.
  2. Hall, Colin Michael; Müller, Dieter K.; Saarinen, Jarkko (2008). Nordic Tourism: Issues and Cases. Bristol: Channel View Publications. p. 97.
  3. "Korskirken, Bergen". Kirkesøk: Kirkebyggdatabasen. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  4. "Oversikt over Nåværende Kirker" (in Norwegian). KirkeKonsulenten.no. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  5. Gunnar Hagen Hartvedt (1994). "Korskirken". Bergen Byleksikon.
  6. Eide, Øyvind (1981). Korskirken : 1181 - 800 år - 1981. Bergen: Rådet. ISBN 82-7128-056-2.
  7. "Kirker i Hordaland fylke" (in Norwegian). DIS-Hordaland. Retrieved 11 August 2014.
  8. "Valgkirkene". LokalHistorieWiki.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  9. "Valgkartet". Valgene i 1814 (in Norwegian). Arkivverket. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  10. "Om valgene". Valgene i 1814 (in Norwegian). Arkivverket. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  11. "Korskirken" (in Norwegian). Bergen City Archive. Retrieved 11 August 2014.

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