Kōsuke Morita

Kōsuke Morita (Japanese: 森田 浩介 Hepburn: Morita Kōsuke, born January 23, 1957) is a Japanese experimental nuclear physicist, known as the leader of the Japanese team that discovered nihonium (element 113). He currently holds a joint appointment as a professor at Kyushu University’s Graduate School of Science and as director of the Super Heavy Element Research Group at Riken's Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science.

Kōsuke Morita
Kōsuke Morita, professor of the faculty of science, Kyushu University, attending the press conference for the official announcement of nihonium in Fukuoka City, Fukuoka Prefecture, on December 1, 2016
Born (1957-01-23) January 23, 1957
Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
NationalityJapanese
Alma materKyushu University
OccupationExperimental nuclear physicist
Employer(s)Kyushu University; Riken
Known forDiscovery of element 113

Professional life

Kōsuke Morita is a Japanese physicist specializing in experimental nuclear physics. He was born in 1957 in the city of Kitakyushu (北九州), located in the prefecture of Fukuoka.[1] In 1979 he graduated from Kyushu University, where he would continue pursuing graduate studies. In 1984, he left Kyushu University after completing the doctoral program without receiving a degree.[2] In an interview, Morita was asked why he left without finishing his PhD thesis. He responded, “The reason was simple: I did not have the talent to finish it".[3] However, he returned to Kyushu University to complete his thesis in 1993, 9 years after beginning graduate studies.[3]

After leaving Kyushu University in 1984 Morita joined Riken as a postdoctoral researcher, later on becoming a junior research scientist at Riken's cyclotron Laboratory.[1][2][3] In 1991, he was promoted to research scientist and in 1993 to senior research scientist.[1][2] In 2006, he was appointed chief scientist of the Superheavy Element Laboratory at Riken's Nishima Center.[3]

Morita is currently a professor in the faculty of science at Kyushu University, where he has remained since his appointment in 2013. Additionally, he holds a position as the director of the Superheavy Element Production Team at Riken's Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science[1][4]

Research achievements
Morita at the press conference where the name Nihonium (symbol Nh) was officially announced for element 113 (December 1st, 2016)

Synthesis of nihonium

Element 113 was first synthesized in 2004 by the Superheavy Element Production Team at Riken, under direction of Kōsuke Morita.[5] The element was synthesized using a cold fusion approach, making it the heaviest element discovered using this production method.[6] Synthesis of element 113 was accomplished by bombardment of a 209Bi target with 70Zn projectiles using a beam energy of 352.6 MeV.[5] The experiment concluded with the synthesis of the 278113 isotope of element 113.[5]

Morita's team successfully synthesized element 113 in a total of three occasions: July 2004, April 2005, and August 2012.[2][7][8] This achievement was officially recognized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry on December 31, 2015, granting Morita's team the element's naming rights.[7] The name Nihonium was proposed, making reference to Japan's name (Japanese: 日本 Hepburn: Nihon).[7] After a five-month public comment period, the union announced its formal approval on November 30, 2016.[9][10] Nihonium is currently the only element to have been discovered by an Asian team.[10][11]

The team currently aims to discover element 119, whose provisional name is ununennium.[12][13]

Work and education
  • 1972 – Graduates from Beppu Municipal Central Junior High School (別府市中部中学校).[14]
  • 1975 – Graduates from Beppu Tsurumi Hill High School (別府鶴見丘高等学校) in Oita prefecture (大分県立).[14]
  • 1984 – Graduates from Kyushu University School of Physics.
  • 1984 – Postdoctoral Researcher, Riken Cyclotron Laboratory.
  • 1991 – Research Scientist, Riken Cyclotron Laboratory 1993 – Receives his PhD from Kyushu University.
  • 1993 – Senior Research Scientist, Riken Cyclotron Laboratory 2004 – First synthesis of element 113 at Riken.
  • 2006 – Chief Scientist and Director, Superheavy Element Laboratory, Nishina Center for Accelerator Research, Riken.
  • 2013 – Professor, Kyushu University Graduate School of Science, Institute for Experimental Nuclear Physics

Awards
  • 2005 – The GSI Exotic Nuclei Community Membership Award.
  • 2005 – Nishina Memorial Prize (仁科記念賞).
  • 2005 – Inoue Science Award (井上学術賞).
  • 2006 – 11th Paper Award of the Physical Society of Japan (JPS) (Joint Award).
  • 2012 – Nice Step Scientist (ナイスステップな科学者).
  • 2016 – Japan Academy Prize ( 日本学士院賞).[15]
  • 2017 - Asahi Prize (朝日賞).[16]

References
  1. "日本学士院賞授賞の決定について | 日本学士院". www.japan-acad.go.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  2. "KYUSHU UNIVERSITY 先生の森 Introduction of Unique Professors at Kyushu University!". Kyushu University. Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  3. "Asia's Scientific Trailblazers: Kosuke Morita". Asian Scientist Magazine | Science, Technology and Medicine News Updates From Asia. 2016-01-08. Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  4. "Superheavy Element Production Team | Riken". www.riken.jp. Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  5. Morita, Kosuke; Morimoto, Kouji; Kaji, Daiya; Akiyama, Takahiro; Goto, Sin-ichi; Haba, Hiromitsu; Ideguchi, Eiji; Kanungo, Rituparna; Katori, Kenji (2004). "Experiment on the Synthesis of Element 113 in the Reaction209Bi(70Zn,n)278113". Journal of the Physical Society of Japan. 73 (10): 2593–2596. Bibcode:2004JPSJ...73.2593M. doi:10.1143/jpsj.73.2593.
  6. Nasirov, A. K.; Muminov, A. I.; Giardina, G.; Mandaglio, G. (2014-07-01). "Basic distinctions between cold- and hot-fusion reactions in the synthesis of superheavy elements". Physics of Atomic Nuclei. 77 (7): 881–889. Bibcode:2014PAN....77..881N. doi:10.1134/S1063778814070126. ISSN 1063-7788. S2CID 119860679.
  7. "113番元素の名称・記号が正式決定 | 理化学研究所". www.riken.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  8. "113番元素特設ページ | 理化学研究所 仁科加速器研究センター". www.nishina.riken.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  9. "理研、113番元素の命名優先権獲得に王手 - 新たな崩壊経路の3例目を確認". マイナビニュース (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  10. "News Jun. 20, 2016 | Kyushu University Faculty of Science". www.sci.kyushu-u.ac.jp. Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  11. "Riken Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science | RIKEN". www.riken.jp. Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  12. 鈴木, 志乃 (January 2013). "3個目の113番元素を合成 (PDF)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-12-31. Retrieved 2017-12-05.
  13. "113番元素特設ページ | 理化学研究所 仁科加速器研究センター". www.nishina.riken.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  14. "理研の森田教授". 今日新聞. Retrieved 2017-12-06.
  15. The Japan Academy Award, The Japanese Academy of Sciences (January 2017). "Discovery of the 113th super heavy element (PDF)" (PDF). Retrieved 2017-12-05.
  16. Company, The Asahi Shimbun. "朝日新聞社 -朝日賞- The Asahi Prize -". www.asahi.com (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-06.
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