Kushan (clan)

Kushan,[1][2][3][4] or Kushana,[5][6] is a major clan (gotra) of the Gurjar community of India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. In some regions, especially Punjab and Kashmir, they are also known as Kasana[5][7] Gujjars. They once ruled the Kushan Empire,[8][9] from the 1st century CE until 375 CE. They practise a variety of religions, including Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism, and Islam.

Origin

Kushan Gurjars claim to be descendants of the Kusha, Ram Chanderji's second and youngest son, who is mentioned in the Hindu epics Ramayana and Mahabharata.[10]

According to some historians, the Kushana (Kasana) Gujjars trace their ancestors back to Raja Kans, a character extensively featured in the Mahabharata.[11]

Languages

Kushans speak a variety of languages within their local regions, but in Jammu and Kashmir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Azad Kashmir, Gilgit-Baltistan, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Afghanistan, they mainly speak Gujari.[7]

References
  1. Warikoo, Kulbhushan; Som, Sujit (2000). Gujjars of Jammu and Kashmir (Page_6). Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya. p. 6. Some Huns claim to be Kushans. Kushan and Hun undoubtedly were Kshatriyas. Both the sub-castes are among the Gurjars. General Cunningham and other historians have mentioned them as Gurjars.
  2. Ahmed, Mukhtar (18 April 2016). The Arains: A Historical Perspective (Page_51). Createspace. p. 51. ISBN 978-1-5327-8117-9. ...'Korso' and 'Kushan' written on the coins of Kushan king Kanishk is same as Gorsi and Kusane (Kushan) clans of the Gujjars.
  3. Tyagi, Vidya Prakash (2009). Martial races of undivided India. G.House. p. 230. ISBN 978-81-7835-775-1. The Kushan, sub-caste of the Gujjars, was a native family at Peshawar, that is why Kanishk spared Subahu Nagar, the Ruler of Patna. The family was called Devaputra, the Aryan.
  4. Rahi, Javaid (1 January 2012). The Gujjars Vol: 01 and 02 Edited by Dr. Javaid Rahi. Jammu and Kashmir Acacademy of Art, Culture, Languages, Jammu. p. 291. The Kushan is a tribe (gotra) of Gurjar race and claims their originator Kush the younger son of Sri Raam Chanderji (G.C.H. page ... of the same district Maulvi Fateh-ud Din Kushan was Director of Agriculture Department of the Punjab.
  5. Khari, Rahul (2007). Jats and Gujars: Origin, History and Culture (Page_168). Reference Press. p. 168. ISBN 978-81-8405-031-8. After Vasishka Kushana power was on the decline although they ruled upto the IVth A. D over small kingdoms. "Kasana" is a modern name of "Kushana" and is a most common Gotra ( Clan ) among the Gujjar community and they are in abundance in...
  6. Katariya, Adesh (6 August 2012). The Glorious History of Kushana Empire: Kushana Gurjar History.
  7. Pathways: In Search of Exemplary Practices on Environment and Sustainable Development in Asia. Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement for the International Conference of Asian Foundations and Organizations. 2000. ISBN 978-971-8817-18-6. Van Gujjars have many clans, such as the Kasana, Checchi and Lodha. They speak Gujuri, a language similar to a Rajasthan dialect. In Himachal Pradesh, the Van Gujjars are found in the districts of Sirumur, Shimla, Kangra...
  8. India (2022). History of Indian nation: Ancient India. K.K Publications. p. 109. "The word Gusur is referred in the Rabatak inscription of Kushan King Kanishka. According to some scholars the Word Gusur, which means Kulputra or Man or woman born into high family, in this inscription stands for "Gujjar" (Gurjaras). The Gurjars of central Asia termed as Gusur (Gujur) even today. Ahmad Hasaan, Dani (2007). History of Pakistan : Pakistan through ages. Pakistan: Sang-e Meel Publications. p. 105. ISBN 9789693520200. "Another tribe, such as the Gujjars, who came along with the Kushans, are even now remembered as "Gujjar-Kashans" (Kushan Gujjars) in popular ... It is not just the vast empire that they built, with its summer capital at 105 CE. Ashok, Harsana (2013). Forbears of the Aryan Legacy: The Gurjars. Indias. Publication. pp. 35–36. Gurjar is the largest tribe of the world, which is admittedly recognized to be the major ethnic group in Pakistan, India, Xing Xiang (sic) (China), Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan. The Gurjars can rightly be termed as an international tribe, who are not restricted and confined by frontiers or borders. The presence of Gurjars in the above mentioned regions greatly coincide with the stretch of the Kushan Empire which in fact was a "Gurjar Empire". Singh, David Emmanuel (31 August 2012). Islamization in Modern South Asia: Deobandi Reform and the Gujjar Response. Walter de Gruyter. p. 44. ISBN 978-1-61451-185-4.
  9. Vasudevan, Vandana (22 November 2013). Urban Villager: Life in an Indian Satellite Town (Page_23). SAGE Publications India. p. 23. ISBN 978-81-321-1783-4. ...the Archaeological Survey of India, identified the Kushan kings, whose most famous ruler was Kanishka, as Gujjars. The Gujjara Pratihara dynasty, which ruled over most of north India, including Gujarat ...
  10. Rahi, Javaid (1 January 2012). The Gujjars Vol: 01 and 02 Edited by Dr. Javaid Rahi. Jammu and Kashmir Acacademy of Art, Culture , Languages , Jammu. p. 29. The Kushan is a tribe (gotra) of Gurjar race and claims their originator Kush the younger son of Sri Raam Chanderji (G.C.H. page 209).
  11. Verma, V. (2000). Ban-Gujars: A Nomadic Tribe in Himachal Pradesh. India: B.R. Publishing Corporation. p. 103. ISBN 978-81-7646-112-2. The Kasana Gujars, who claim their descent from Raja Kans, the maternal uncle of lord Krishna, swear by lightning and do not keep any bronze utensil in...
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