Lázaro Báez

Lázaro Báez (born 11 February 1951) is an Argentine businessman. Báez is a central figure in the so-called corruption scandal known as The Route of the K-Money, surrounding former Argentine presidents Néstor Kirchner and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner; the case was also known as Lázarogate.[1][2]

Lázaro Báez
Born (1951-02-11) 11 February 1951
Corrientes, Argentina
Criminal chargesMoney laundering
Criminal penalty12 years in prison
6 years in prison

Báez became a friend of Kirchner in 1991,[3] and in 2003 founded a construction company, Austral Construcciones, which was awarded many government contracts during Kirchner's presidency.[4] In 2011 Báez built Kirchner's mausoleum. He has been called "the main beneficiary of public works in Patagonia".[5]

In custody since 2016, in 2021 he was sentenced to 12 years in prison for money laundering.[6] In December 2022, he was sentenced to six years in prison for an unlawful business partnership with former Argentine president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner while she was in office.[7]

Early life and education

Báez was born in 1951 in San Luis del Palmar, Corrientes, Argentina, to a family of Peronists. His family moved to Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, in Patagonia, in 1962. The move was reportedly caused by political persecution,[8] his father having apparently had to leave his home province following the coup against President Arturo Frondizi.[9]

In 1984 he married Norma Beatriz Calismonte, who worked as tutor assistant in a public secondary school.[9]

Career

Bank jobs

After completing high school, in 1980, he began his first job, as an office junior at a local branch of a National Bank. He then served as a sergeant in the army. In 1985, he started working at his second job, as a teller at the provincial state Bank of Santa Cruz. In 1990 he established a relationship with Néstor Kirchner by means of leaked bank accounts data Báez offered to Kirchner.[9] Kirchner was at the time serving his last year as mayor of Río Gallegos and beginning a crucial campaign for governor, a position he would end up holding from 1991 to 2003. Báez then became bank assistant manager.[8]

Austral Construcciones

Báez formed Austral Construcciones S.A. in 2003, and within three months the firm's capital rose from $AR12,000 to $AR500,000.[8] Former Santa Cruz prosecutor Andrés Vivanco said in May 2013 that Báez "was previously just a bank employee who has no legal way of justifying his increased fortune... Everything Lázaro Báez has come from Néstor Kirchner. He previously had nothing; he was not an entrepreneur because he never risked his capital, he would always just wait to submit a public tender with the government".[10]

Beginning in 2005, Austral and other firms owned by Báez were awarded the majority of the contracts offered by the province of Santa Cruz during the presidency of Néstor Kirchner and 12% of the contracts awarded by the Ministry of Planning under Minister Julio de Vido.[11][12] Over a five-year period, the firm received 4 billion dollars in federal contracts and 1.2 billion dollars in contracts for the province of Santa Cruz. His firm Southern Building was investigated in Liechtenstein for money laundering.

Other business activities

After 2006, Báez began to buy properties along the Santa Cruz River. He ultimately paid more than $28 million for 10 properties totaling 200,000 acres. Later he contracted with Kirchner to construct the Cóndor Cliff-La Barrancosa Dams which would flood those lands. One commentator wrote in 2012 that Báez had plainly purchased the properties knowing that they would be made valuable by the dam project. "In any serious country this would be called the use of privileged information, influence peddling, [and] corruption."[2][12]

According to a 2009 report, Báez constructed a luxury building on Kirchner-owned land in Rio Gallegos. The structure was completed in 2007.[13]

Báez built himself a mansion outside of Rio Gallegos. In recent years he has expanded his interests into the oil business and properties along the Santa Cruz River.[14]

Báez also owns the oil firms Misahar SA and Epsur SA,[2] and the newspaper Prensa Libre in Rio Gallegos.[15]

He has two sons, Martín Antonio Báez and Leandro Martín Báez. The former, who has his own mansion in Rio Gallegos, is considered Báez's likely successor as head of his empire.[1]

2007 tax investigation

On August 17, 2007, the Deputy Director of Research of the General Tax Directorate (DGI), Jaime Mecikovsky, completed an elaborate three-year investigation of public works contractors and concluded that Austral had issued false invoices.[9]

Relationship with Kirchner

In April 2013, Deputy Francisco De Narváez called Báez "a person of great intimacy with the Kirchner family."[16] Kirchner reportedly ate his last dinner with Báez and with the two men's wives. It was Báez, moreover, who built Kirchner's massive mausoleum in the Rio Gallegos Cemetery.[14] In late December 2013 it was reported that the mausoleum had sustained structural damage, owing to its monumental weight, and that Báez had visited the site personally to inspect the damage.[17]

Jorge Lanata program

On April 14, 2013, journalist Jorge Lanata of Periodismo para todos ("Periodismo para todos"), a news program aired on Argentina's Channel 13, presented a report entitled "La ruta del dinero K" ("The K Money Trail"), with "K" standing for the late Argentinian president Néstor Kirchner. Lanata's report included a videotaped testimony by financier Federico Elaskar and a hidden-camera recording of businessman Leonardo Fariña in which these men described large-scale illegal financial manipulations by members of the Kirchner circle, including Báez, that involved the transfer of about 55 million euros over a six-month period to Switzerland and other foreign tax havens. The men indicated that Kirchner himself was directly involved in these maneuvers.

Allegedly, at Báez's direction, Fariña orchestrated a plan whereby the funds were sent abroad via Elaskar's financial firm, SGI. More than fifty companies were purportedly created with the express purpose of facilitating these transfers. Also supposedly involved in this scheme was Fabián Rossi, who was said to have funneled the money through Panama banks. According to Elaskar, silver from Patagonia was shipped to Switzerland by way of Montevideo, Uruguay.[18]

Asked on hidden camera whether Báez was an associate of Kirchner's, Fariña said yes, and added that "in politics there are no front men, only operators." Elaskar said that he had been cheated and threatened with death by business associates of Báez.[5][18] Elaskar also said that both of Báez's sons had been involved in the offshore firms to which funds had been illegally transferred. Martin Báez runs Teegan, a firm founded in Panama and based in the tax haven of Belize.[18]

Later interviews

In a subsequent interview with Rolando Graña on América Noticias, however, Elaskar claimed that there had been no money laundering or death threats, and that everything he had said on Lanata's program was untrue. "I lied. I apologize," he said. He maintained that he had lied because he was "angry" and "young" Fariña, in an interview with Jorge Rial of Intrusos (Intruders), also claimed to have been lying in the videotape aired on Lanata's program.[5] Fariña said that he apologized to Báez, whom he called "a first-rate guy."

Lanata replied to these claims by saying that Fariña was "not the brain" of the operation and that on his next show he would provide evidence Báez was the real mastermind.[18] In an early May interview with Lanata, Kirchner's former secretary, Míriam Quiroga, confirmed some of the charges made by Fariña and Elaskar about Báez, saying that at the Casa Rosada, during Kirchner's presidency, she had seen bags, apparently containing money, that were sent to the Kirchners' mansion in Santa Cruz province, where they were placed in a vault, the money later presumably finding its way to bank accounts in Switzerland, Panama, and Belize.[10][19]

After the Lanata program was aired, several opposition legislators called on public prosecutor Carlos Gonella to investigate the accusations against Báez. They also called for the freezing of Báez's assets.[20][21]

A judicial investigation of Báez on charges of money laundering, conspiracy, and cover-up was initiated on April 17. Martín Irurzun of the Federal Court appointed Sebastián Casanello as the judge in the case.

On the same date, and again in early May, raids were carried out on SGI's offices at "La Rosadita" by la Policía de Seguridad Aeroportuaria (Airport Security Police, PSA) on the orders of Casanello.[22][23] In early June, Báez's possessions and safety boxes were raided by the National Gendarmerie, also on Casanello's orders. Báez was described as being "visibly upset" by the raids, which he described as "unnecessary show."[24]

Other persons charged in the case included Elaskar, Fariña, Rossi, Báez's son Leandro Martín Báez, and Daniel Perez Gadin.[25]

On May 3, after Elaskar and Fariña had already been charged, federal prosecutor William Marijuan filed money laundering charges against Báez.[10]

It was reported in early May that Báez had made some of the suspicious land purchases through three of his companies: Austral Construcciones, Austral Agro, and Valle Hermoso.[26]

Judge Casanello called Lárazo Báez for inquiry in 2016. He took a plane with unknown destination, so the judge ordered his detention, fearing an attempt to escape.[27]

Báez lawsuits against Elaskar and Farina

It was reported on May 5 that Báez was suing Elaskar and Fariña for the statements they had made about him on Lanata's program. Báez called the accusations part of "a smear campaign...with a clear political agenda."[28][29] On May 22, Báez said that he had never worked with Fariña, and that Fariña had, rather, worked for the firm Pluscarga, which did business with Báez's businesses. He also denied any involvement in money laundering or any business relationship with Kirchner.[30]

Báez's lawsuit against Fariña and his wife, Karina Jelinek, on charges of slander was dismissed in early July by judge Raúl García.[31]

Further revelations

In December 2013, the Argentinian newspaper La Nacion reported that seven Báez companies had signed documents agreeing to rent 935 rooms a month at the Alto Calafate Hotel throughout 2010 and 2011, whether or not they were occupied. regardless of whether in fact employees were staying there. La Nacion additionally revealed that Báez had paid at least $3.2 million to Kirchner in "rent" for Las Dunas, an inn in El Calafate, and that he had paid a total of $14.5 million in "rent" for the two hotels, plus the La Aldea Hotel, during 2010 and 2011, even as Báez was receiving large sums from the federal government for public works projects.[32][33]

It also emerged in December 2013 that Báez, during the previous ten years, in Santa Cruz alone, had purchased tracts of land amounting to at least 263,000 hectares, or 13 times the size of the Federal District.[32]

Injunction request

Also in December 2013, Báez asked for an injunction that would prohibit the media from publishing anything about his business or personal ties to Kirchner. This request was rejected by El Foro de Periodismo Argentino (Argentine Journalism Forum, FOPEA) and the Asociación de Entidades Periodísticas Argentinas (Association of Argentine Journalism Entities, ADEPA), the latter of which called the idea unconstitutional. Reacting to Báez's request, Parliament member Margarita Stolbizer described him as a "mobster" while Labor Party leader Gabriel Solano described the use of "prior censorship to defend the 'confidentiality' of the business activities of Lázaro Báez" as undemocratic.[5][34]

December 2013 raid

On the orders of tax court judge Javier López Biscayart, who was investigating Báez on charges of tax evasion and money laundering, the Argentinian federal police raided the offices of Austral Construcciones in Buenos Aires in late December 2013.[35]

Security measures

In January 2014, it was reported that Báez traveled with such a level of security that it was "as if he were the President of the United States in a war zone."[36]

Swiss investigation

It was reported in August 2013 that the investigation of Báez's financial dealings in Switzerland was stalled because that country's Department of Justice was refusing to release information about Swiss bank accounts held in the name of one of Báez's sons.[37]

The Swiss ambassador to Argentina, Johannes Matyassy, said in January 2014 that a criminal investigation into Báez's financial activities in Switzerland was progressing. Matyassy said that this was the first case in which Switzerland and Argentina had collaborated in such a manner under a new cooperative agreement.[38]

Uruguayan investigation

It was reported in late January 2014 that a Uruguayan investigation into the money laundering charges against Báez had not progressed, owing to the failure of Argentinian authorities to cooperate with the investigation.[39]

References

  1. Delfino, Emilia. "Martín Báez, el heredero y el más comprometido del Lázarogate". Perfil.com (in Spanish).
  2. "Lázaro Báez: "No soy corrupto"". La Nación (in Spanish). 31 October 2012.
  3. "La historia secreta de los exitosos amigos empresarios de los Kirchner" (in Spanish). barilochense.com. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  4. "Más datos unen a Lázaro Báez con un asesor de Kirchner" (in Spanish). losandes.com.ar. 30 June 2013. Archived from the original on 6 January 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  5. Alconada Mon, Hugo (18 December 2013). "Báez busca prohibir que se informe sobre sus negocios con los Kirchner". La Nacion (in Spanish).
  6. "Condenaron a Lázaro Báez a 12 años de prisión por lavado de dinero" (in Spanish). Télam. 24 February 2021. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
  7. "Fernández de Kirchner: Argentina vice-president found guilty of corruption". BBC News. 6 December 2022. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  8. "El grupo K". PCR.org (in Spanish).
  9. "Lázaro Báez y su sorprendente historia con los Kirchner" (in Spanish). Periodismo Independiente Tribuna. 5 December 2013.
  10. "Tag Archive - Lázaro Báez". argentinaindependent.com. The Argentina Independent. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  11. "Báez recauda 60 millones por mes por las obras en Santa Cruz". Clarin. 16 April 2013.
  12. "Cristina lo hizo: Austral Construcciones SA entró en el negocio de las Represas". OPI Santa Cruz. October 2012.
  13. Di Matteo, L. (2012). "Gracias, Néstor": La política de los negocios. Los socios del Holding Kirchner: Rudy Ulloa, Lázaro. Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial Argentina. p. 2002. ISBN 9789500739412. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  14. "Quién es Lázaro Báez". La Gaceta. 15 April 2013.
  15. http://www.perfil.com/politica/Lazaro-Baez-denuncia-a-Faria-y-pide-que-declaren-Rial-Ventura-y-Molinari—20130516-0007.html
  16. "Báez es una persona de mucha intimidad con la familia Kirchner". La Politica Online.
  17. "Cedió el piso del mausoleo de Néstor Kirchner construido por Lázaro Báez". Los Andes.
  18. "Casanello será el juez que investigue a Lázaro Báez tras el programa de Lanata". Perfil.
  19. "Habló la ex secretaria: Afirman que con Kirchner se llevaban "bolsos con plata"" (in Spanish). Clarin. 6 May 2013.
  20. "Piden a la Justicia que inhiba los bienes de Lázaro Báez". clarin.com. 17 April 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  21. "Kirchners' Associate Accused of Money Laundering in Argentina". insightcrime.org. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  22. "Caso Báez-Fariña: otro allanamiento en Madero Center". noticias.terra.com.ar. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  23. "Lavado de dinero en la mira: la Justicia allanó "La Rosadita" y la casa de Leonardo Fariña". iprofesional.com. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  24. "Allanaron propiedades del empresario argentino Lázaro Báez - Noticias Uruguay y el Mundo actualizadas - Diario EL PAIS Uruguay". elpais.com.uy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  25. "La Justicia realizó nuevos allanamientos en La Rosadita de Puerto Madero" (in Spanish). Infobae. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  26. "Otra parada en la ruta del dinero K: más estancias en Santa Cruz". elobservador.com.uy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  27. "Lázaro Báez y Pérez Gadín ya están en el despacho del juez Casanello para ser indagados" [Lázaro Báez and Pérez Gadín are in the office of judge Casanello, ready for inquiry]. La Nación (in Spanish). 6 April 2016. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
  28. "Elaskar y Fariña fueron denunciados penalmente por Lázaro Báez". novanacional.com. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  29. "prensalibreonline.com.ar". prensalibreonline.com.ar. Archived from the original on 9 June 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  30. "Lázaro habló de su relación con Fariña y Néstor - 22.05.2013 - lanacion.com". La Nación. lanacion.com.ar. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  31. "Justicia argentina rechazó denuncia de Lázaro Báez contra Fariña". Archived from the original on 25 December 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  32. "Báez busca prohibir que se informe sobre sus negocios con los Kirchner - 18.12.2013 - lanacion.com". La Nación. lanacion.com.ar. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  33. "Afirman que Lázaro Báez inventó ingresos para pagarles a los Kirchner – Lt10 – Lt10.com.ar". lt10digital.com.ar. 2014. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  34. "Fopea rechaza la posibilidad de que la justicia obstruya al periodismo de investigación y censure a los medios de comunicación / Inicio / FOPEA - Foro de Periodismo Argentino". Archived from the original on 19 December 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  35. "Police raids Lázaro Báez offices - BuenosAiresHerald.com". buenosairesherald.com. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  36. "Lázaro Báez y la cadena del miedo - El temor a ser el nuevo Alfredo Yabrán - Planeta Boimvaser, Lázaro Báez". diarioveloz.com. 18 December 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  37. "Suiza no da datos de cuenta de Báez - Noticias Uruguay y el Mundo actualizadas - Diario EL PAIS Uruguay". elpais.com.uy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  38. "Lavado de dinero: Se complica la situación de Lázaro Báez por el avance de la justicia suiza en la investigación". elintransigente.com. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  39. "Argentina no dio datos y Uruguay frena la causa K - Noticias Uruguay y el Mundo actualizadas - Diario EL PAIS Uruguay". elpais.com.uy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
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