BR ex-WD Austerity 2-8-0

The British Railways (BR) ex-WD Austerity 2-8-0 was a class of 733 2-8-0 steam locomotives designed for heavy freight. These locomotives of the WD Austerity 2-8-0 type had been constructed by the War Department, as war locomotives 1943–1945. After the war, they were surplus and so in 1946 the LNER bought 200 of them, classifying them as LNER Class O7, and by the end of 1947 when the LNER was nationalised, had taken another 278 O7s on loan. After nationalisation, BR purchased 533 more 2-8-0s, including all of those on loan, giving a class total of 733. As many of these needed overhauling before being put to work, they were activated slowly. BR chose to reclassified from LNER Class O7 and renumbered them from the 6xxxx LNER series in the 90000–732 series for BR standard designs.

BR ex-WD Austerity 2-8-0
90474 at Woodford Halse, 1964
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerR.A. Riddles
Builder
Build date1943–45
Total produced733
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte2-8-0
 • UIC1′D h2
Gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Leading dia.3 ft 2 in (965 mm)
Driver dia.4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Length63 ft 6 in (19.35 m) over buffers
Axle load15 long tons 12 cwt (34,900 lb or 15.9 t)
Adhesive weight61 long tons 5 cwt (137,200 lb or 62.2 t)
Loco weight70 long tons 5 cwt (157,400 lb or 71.4 t)
Tender weight55 long tons 10 cwt (124,300 lb or 56.4 t)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity9 long tons 0 cwt (20,200 lb or 9.1 t)
Water cap.5,000 imperial gallons (23,000 L; 6,000 US gal)
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		28.6 sq ft (2.66 m2)
Boiler pressure225 lbf/in2 (1.55 MPa)
Heating surface:
 • Tubes		1,068 sq ft (99.2 m2)
 • Flues451 sq ft (41.9 m2)
 • Firebox168 sq ft (15.6 m2)
Superheater:
​
 • Type28-element Melesco
 • Heating area298 sq ft (27.7 m2)
CylindersTwo, outside
Cylinder size19 in × 28 in (483 mm × 711 mm)
Valve gearWalschaerts
Valve type10-inch (250 mm) piston valves
Performance figures
Tractive effort34,215 lbf (152.20 kN)
Career
Operators
Power class8F
Numbers90000-90732
Axle load classRoute availability 6
Withdrawn1959-1967
DispositionAll scrapped.

Naming

90732 was named Vulcan after the Vulcan Foundry.

Classification

BR considered them as standard classes, numbering them in the numbering series allocated for BR standard classes, assigned them the boiler diagram BR10; while their tenders were assigned the diagram BR5. BR built 53 new boilers at Crewe between 1951 and 1954.

Operation

The class were used almost entirely on freight services, and were always unusual on passenger work. Well over half the total number were always on the former LNER system, from East Anglia up to Scotland, and there was also a large number across the former Lancashire & Yorkshire railway depots. Some were initially used on the Southern Region, but later left there, while another smaller group was on the Western Region for much of their lives. The Scottish ones later spread from just the ex-LNER lines across the rest of the Region.

Accidents and incidents
  • On 16 January 1958, locomotive 90277 was standing foul of the line at Preston when it was run into by a passenger train due to a signalman's error. The passenger train was derailed, 90277 ended up on its side. Thirteen people were injured.[1]

Withdrawal

The engines were withdrawn from service as follows:

Year No. withdrawn Nos
1959190083
1960290062 etc.
19610
196280
196397
1964125
1965201
1966104
1967123

Preservation
Preserved Austerity in British Railways livery and carrying a BR series number, was actually never a BR engine.

None of the BR Austerity 2-8-0s was preserved. However, one Austerity 2-8-0 (out of a total of 935 engines) has survived; WD No. 79257. This has returned to Britain via the Netherlands and Sweden, and has been restored to original condition and given the "BR number" 90733. It is based at the Keighley and Worth Valley Railway.

See also

References
  • Roger Tourret Allied Military Locomotives of the Second World War
  • Willie Yeadon, Yeadon's Register of LNER Locomotives Vol.15: Class J94, O6, and O7 the engines from the years of expediency. Challenger, 1999
Notes
  1. "(untitled)" (PDF). Ministry of Transport. 18 April 1958. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
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