LNER Class J94

The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) J94 Class is a class of steam locomotive that was formed when 75 former "Austerity" 0-6-0STs were purchased by the LNER in 1946 from the War Department.

LNER Class J94
ex-WD Hunslet Austerity 0-6-0ST
Up freight at Harringay West, with ex-WD 0-6-0ST, ex-LNER Class J94
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
BuilderHunslet Engine Company
Build datePurchased in 1946
Total produced75
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte0-6-0ST
 • UICCn t
Gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Driver dia.4 ft 3 in (1.295 m)
Minimum curve180 ft (54.86 m)
Wheelbase11 ft 0 in (3.35 m)
Length30 ft 4 in (9.25 m)
Axle load13.35 long tons (13.56 t; 14.95 short tons)
Loco weight48.25 long tons (49.02 t; 54.04 short tons)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity2.25 long tons (2.29 t; 2.52 short tons)
Water cap.1,200 imp gal (5,500 L; 1,400 US gal)
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		16.8 sq ft (1.56 m2)
BoilerRound top outer firebox, 181 tubes, copper or steel inner firebox
Boiler pressure170 psi (1.17 MPa)
Heating surface:
 • Tubes		873 sq ft (81.1 m2)
 • Firebox88 sq ft (8.2 m2)
SuperheaterNone
CylindersTwo, inside
Cylinder size18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gearStephenson
Valve typeSlide valves
Performance figures
Tractive effort23,870 lbf (106.18 kN)
Career
Power classBR: 4F
NicknamesAusterity
Retired1959–1967
DispositionTwo preserved, remainder scrapped

Overview

The LNER had had trials with one in November 1945 and bought 75 of them in 1946, numbering them 8006-80. All entered British Railways (BR) service in 1948. BR added 60000 to their numbers so they became 68006-80, and classified them 4F.

They were used for shunting in docks, and other similar work where their short wheelbase meant they could negotiate sharp curves. They were used on the Cromford and High Peak Railway in Derbyshire, where they displaced the ex-North London Railway Class 75 class 2F 0-6-0Ts.

They were withdrawn between 1959 and 1967. A few were sold into industrial use with the National Coal Board (who had several other Austerities) and others.

Stock list

Preservation
Further information: List of preserved Hunslet Austerity 0-6-0ST locomotives

Two, BR Nos 68077 and 68078 and have been preserved. In addition a large number of Austerities that were used in industry and have survived to preservation. Several of these have been disguised as BR locomotives. . Enthusiasts often refer to them by the nickname of "Buckets".[1]


LNER/BR J94s
Numbers Location Condition
LNER BR
8077 68077 Spa Valley Railway Undergoing overhaul[2]
8078 68078 Private site in Kent Under restoration

Locomotives disguised as J94s
Numbers Builder Works No. Date
LNER BR
68005RSH71691945
68006Hunslet31921944
68009Hunslet38251954
68012W.G.Bagnall27461944
68012Hunslet3193/38871944
68030Hunslet37771952
68067Hudswell Clarke17521943
68072Vulcan53091945
68081Hunslet28551943

Models

The erstwhile Rosebud Kitmaster company produced an unpowered polystyrene injection moulded model kit for 00 gauge, which went on sale in Spring 1961. In early 1963, the Kitmaster brand was sold by its parent company (Rosebud Dolls) to Airfix, who transferred the moulding tools to their own factory; they re-introduced some of the former Kitmaster range, including this locomotive. The tool (for this model) was destroyed in a fire at the premises of Dapol Model Railways Ltd in Winsford, Cheshire so that Dapol were unable to produce further kits after their first two production runs totalling 4000 kits after acquisition of the former Airfix moulds.[3]

References
  1. Nock 2009, p. 87.
  2. Dives, M. (6 September 2006). "LNER J94 No. 68077". Spa Valley Railway. Archived from the original on 3 March 2012.
  3. Knight, Stephen (1999). Let's Stick Together: An Appreciation of Kitmaster and Airfix Railway Kits. Clopthill: Irwell Press. ISBN 1-871608-90-2.
  • Lambert, A.P.; Woods, J.C. Continent, Coalfield and Conservation - The Biographical History of the British Army Austerity 0-6-0 Saddle Tank. ISBN 0-901096-63-6.
  • Locomotives Illustrated No.61 - The Hunslet 'Austerity' 0-6-0STs. Ian Allan Ltd. 1988. (Introduction by Don Townsley)
  • Nock, O.S. (2009). British Steam Railways. Bounty Books. ISBN 0753717859.
  • Yeadon, Willie (1999). Yeadon's Register of LNER Locomotives Vol.15: Classes J94, O6, and O7 the engines from the years of expediency. Challenger.
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