Lake Chūzenji

Lake Chūzenji (中禅寺湖, Chūzenji-ko), also called Sea of Happiness[1], is a scenic lake in Nikkō National Park in the city of Nikkō, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. It was created 20,000 years ago when Mount Nantai (2484 m) erupted and blocked the river.

Lake Chūzenji
Lake and Mt. Nantai
Lake Chūzenji
Location	Nikkō National Park, Nikkō, Tochigi
Coordinates	36°44′26″N 139°27′44″E
Native name	中禅寺湖 (Japanese)
Basin countries	Japan
Surface area	11.62 km2 (4.49 sq mi)
Average depth	163 m (535 ft)
Surface elevation	1,269 m (4,163 ft)

The lake has a surface area of 11.62 km² and a circumference of 25 km. Its elevation at the surface is 1,269 m (4,124 ft), and the water reaches a depth of 163 m (508 ft). The Yukawa River is the principal source of water. It drains through the Kegon Falls.

Chuzenji Lake was discovered in 782 by a priest named Shōdō when his group succeeded in climbing Mt. Nantai. Considered sacred, the mountain was closed to women, horses, and cows until 1872. In the middle of the Meiji period and early Showa period, many European embassies built vacation houses around the lake. The former Italian villa has been renewed and is now open to visitors. Other sites around the lake include Futara Shrine built in 790, Chuzenji Temple, and Kegon Falls. In spring, cherry blossoms are blooming. In summer, people can escape the heat and enjoy bird watching and hiking. In fall of course, there are the famous beautiful autumn leaves and in winter there is the Snow and Ice Festival, plus winter sports like skiing and skating.

The lake was a favourite summer haunt of Sir Ernest Satow when he was Britain's envoy in Japan, 1895-1900 as his diaries of that time attest. He constructed a house by the lake which was used as a villa by the British Embassy for over a century.[2]