Lariophagus distinguendus

Lariophagus distinguendus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Pteromalidae
Genus:	Lariophagus
Species:	L. distinguendus
Binomial name
	Lariophagus distinguendus; (Förster, 1841)
Synonyms
	Arthrolytus puncticollis Möller, 1882; Eupelmus urozonus Vayssière, 1900; Lariophagus distinguendus Hase, 1919; Lariophagus distinguendus Kurdjumov, 1913; Lariophagus puncticollis Kurdjumov, 1913; Lariophagus puncticollis Ruschka, 1915; Meraporus brevicornis Marchal, 1900; Meraporus graminicola Curtis, 1860; Meraporus utibilis Tucker, 19107 (protonym); Pteromalus calandrae Howard, 1881; Pteromalus distinguendus Arnold Förster, 1841 (protonym); Pteromalus oryzae Cameron, 1891; Pteromalus oryzinus Rondani, 1877;

Lariophagus distinguendus is a idiobiont ectoparasitoid hymenopteran in the family Pteromalidae, superfamily Chalcidoidea. It parasitizes small beetle larvae concealed in seeds, as well as prepupae and pupae in their cocoons. It is used for the biological control of several beetle pests of stored products, particularly in central Europe, where it is produced commercially and distributed by at least 11 companies.[1]

Taxonomy

Arnold Förster described this species in 1841 under the name Pteromalus distinguendus.[2] In 1913, N. Kurdjumov moved it to the genus Lariophagus.[3] While studying the types of Meraporus calandrae Howard and Meraporus utibilis Tucker, Hase in 1919 established their synonymy with Lariophagus distinguendus.[4]

Description

The female is 2 to 3 mm long, dark blue, basal part of abdomen green, wings white with yellow-brown veins. The male is 1.1 to 2 mm long.[5]

Host species

Its hosts include, but are not limited to:[1]

Callosobruchus chinensis (adzuki bean beetle)
Callosobruchus maculatus (cowpea weevil)
Gibbium psylloides (hump beetle)
Ptinus tectus (Australian spider beetle)
Rhyzopertha dominica (lesser grain borer)
Sitophilus granarius (wheat weevil)
Sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil)
Stegobium paniceum (drugstore beetle)

References

Niedermayer, S.; Pollmann, M.; Steidle, J.L.M. (2016). "Lariophagus distinguendus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) (Förster)—Past, Present, and Future: The History of a Biological Control Method Using L. distinguendus against Different Storage Pests". Insects. 7 (3): 1–9. doi:10.3390/insects7030039. PMC 5039552. PMID 27490572.
Förster, Arnold (1841). Beiträge zur Monographie der Pteromalinen Nees.
Gahan, A.B. (1921). "On the identity of several species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 22: 235–243.
Kurdjumov, N. (1913). "Notes on Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcididae)". Russian Review of Entomology (in Russian). 13 (1).
Ruschka, Franz (1921). "Zur Morphologie und Systematik des Kornkäfer-Chalcidiers Lariophagus distinguendus Först" (PDF). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie. 7 (2): 463–465. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.1921.tb01496.x.

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[Niedermayer_2016-1] Niedermayer, S.; Pollmann, M.; Steidle, J.L.M. (2016). "Lariophagus distinguendus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) (Förster)—Past, Present, and Future: The History of a Biological Control Method Using L. distinguendus against Different Storage Pests". Insects. 7 (3): 1–9. doi:10.3390/insects7030039. PMC 5039552. PMID 27490572.

[2] Förster, Arnold (1841). Beiträge zur Monographie der Pteromalinen Nees.

[3] Gahan, A.B. (1921). "On the identity of several species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 22: 235–243.

[4] Kurdjumov, N. (1913). "Notes on Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcididae)". Russian Review of Entomology (in Russian). 13 (1).

[5] Ruschka, Franz (1921). "Zur Morphologie und Systematik des Kornkäfer-Chalcidiers Lariophagus distinguendus Först" (PDF). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie. 7 (2): 463–465. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.1921.tb01496.x.