Las, qu'i non sun sparvir, astur
Las, qu'i non sun sparvir, astur (Occitan pronunciation: [ˈlas ki nu ˈsu spaɾˈβiɾ asˈtuɾ]), which translates "Oh, to be a sparrow-hawk, a goshawk!", is the incipit of an anonymous Old Occitan cobla (single stanza poem). It was found in the margins of an eleventh-century manuscript in the British Library. Possibly it was added late in that century, certainly by a German scribe. It was first published in 1984, and has been translated into French and English.
I'd fly to my love,
Touch her [la sintil],[1] embrace her,
Kiss her lips so soft,
Sweeten and soothe our pain [dulur].[2]
In the poem the lover expresses erotic desire and the longing for fulfillment through his wish to be a sparrow hawk or, which was more prized, a goshawk so that he could fly to her. In the Middle Ages, the value of a sparrow hawk was proportional to its resemblance to the goshawk in size, strength and beauty. The symbolism of the male lover as hunting bird reoccurs in the troubadour lyric[3] and in the Middle High German Minnesang,[4] beginning a century later. The apposition of joy (joi) and grief (dolor) would become a mainstay of the troubadours.
Notes
- Perhaps la sintir, "(in order) to touch her", or la gentil, "the worthy one", cf. Paden and Paden (2007), 20.
- Paden and Paden (2007), 20.
- Bernart Marti, Bel m'es lai latz la fontana (I like it near the fountain).
- Der von Kürenburc, Ich zôch mir einen falken (I trained a falcon).
Bibliography
- Pierre Bec. "Prétroubadouresque ou paratroubadouresque? Un antécédent médiéval d'un motif de chanson folklorique Si j'étais une hirondelle . . ." Cahiers de civilisation médiévale, 47 (2004):153–62.
- William D. Paden. "Before the Troubadours: The Archaic Occitan Texts and the Shape of Literary History." "De sens rassis": Essays in Honor of Rupert T. Pickens. Ed. by Keith Busby, Bernard Guidot, and Logan E. Whalen. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2005, pp. 509–28.
- William D. Paden and Frances F. Paden. Troubadour Poems from the South of France. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2007.