Nationalist Liberal Party
The Nationalist Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Nacionalista, PLN) was a political party in Nicaragua.
Nationalist Liberal Party Partido Liberal Nacionalista | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | PLN |
| President | Anastasio Somoza García (first) Anastasio Somoza Debayle (last) |
| Founder | Anastasio Somoza García |
| Founded | 1928 |
| Dissolved | July 20, 1979 |
| Preceded by | Liberal Party |
| Headquarters | Managua |
| Ideology | Nominal: Liberalism De facto: Authoritarianism National conservatism Personalism Somocismo |
| Political position | Right-wing to far-right |
| Colors | Red and Blue |
| Party flag | |
R.svg.png.webp) | |
When Anastasio Somoza García took power in 1936, the party aligned itself with the United States and other caudillos in Latin America, like Rafael Trujillo, Oswaldo López Arellano and Fulgencio Batista.
From 1936 to 1979, the office of President of Nicaragua was held by members of the Nationalist Liberal Party. When the first phase of the Nicaraguan Revolution was won by the FSLN, the PLN was dissolved by the new government. Many Somoza loyalists later supported or joined Contras rebel groups.
History of the party
Whilst initially it still featured a liberal agenda (the Liberals having been one of the two main parties of Nicaragua since the 19th century along with the Conservatives), the Nationalist Liberal Party later developed into little more than a political vehicle for the kleptocracy of the Somoza clan.
The party suffered several splits: in 1944, opposing Anastasio Somoza García's intentions to re-run for the presidency, dissident party members such as Manuel Cordero Reyes, Roberto González Dubón, Carlos Morales, Gerónimo Ramírez Brown (minister of public education from 1939 to 1944) and Carlos Pasos formed the new Independent Liberal Party, that functioned for decades to come as a legal, centrist opposition party and briefly sided with the Sandinistas to overthrow Somoza Debayle and cement the victory of the Nicaraguan Revolution. In 1968, another group of members, led by Ramiro Sacasa Guerrero (former minister for labor), split from the Nationalist Liberal Party, disagreeing with Anastasio Somoza Debayle's ambition to re-run. They formed the Constitutionalist Liberal Movement, which later evolved into the Constitutionalist Liberal Party.[1]
The party was banned after the FSLN takeover in 1979.[2]
Notable members
Electoral history
Presidential elections
| Election | Party candidate | Votes | % | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1936 | Anastasio Somoza García | 112,812 | 99.83% | Elected  |
| 1947 | Leonardo Argüello Barreto | 104,804 | 61.76% | Elected |
| 1950 | Anastasio Somoza García | 153,297 | 75.63% | Elected |
| 1957 | Luis Somoza Debayle | 316,998 | 89.25% | Elected |
| 1963 | René Schick | 408,131 | 90.48% | Elected |
| 1967 | Anastasio Somoza Debayle | 380,162 | 70.30% | Elected |
| 1974 | 733,662 | 91.71% | Elected |
National Assembly elections
| Election | Party leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1936 | 112,812 | 99.83% | 30 / 43 |
 7 |
1st | |
| 1947 | 104,804 | 61.76% | 24 / 43 |
 6 |
 1st | |
| 1950 | 153,297 | 75.63% | 28 / 42 |
4 |
1st | |
| 1957 | 316,998 | 89.25% | 28 / 42 |
|
1st | |
| 1963 | 408,131 | 90.48% | 28 / 42 |
|
1st | |
| 1967 | 380,162 | 70.30 | 35 / 52 |
7 |
1st | |
| 1972 | 534,171 | 75.33% | 60 / 100 |
25 |
1st | |
| 1974 | 733,662 | 91.71% | 42 / 70 |
18 |
1st |
See also
References
- "El Nuevo Diario".
- [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_World_Factbook_(1982)/Nicaragua The World Factbook (1982)/Nicaragua
