Fuscous honeyeater
The fuscous honeyeater (Ptilotula fusca) is a species of bird in the family Meliphagidae. It is endemic to eastern Australia, where it inhabits subtropical and tropical dry forests.
| Fuscous honeyeater | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Meliphagidae |
| Genus: | Ptilotula |
| Species: | P. fusca |
| Binomial name | |
| Ptilotula fusca (Gould, 1837) | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Lichenostomus fuscus | |
The fuscous honeyeater was previously placed in the genus Lichenostomus, but was moved to Ptilotula after a molecular phylogenetic analysis, published in 2011, showed that the original genus was polyphyletic.[2][3]
Description
The fuscous honeyeater is dull grey-brown to olive-brown above with buffy-grey underparts. The bill is black and the eye-ring dark. It has a small black and yellow plume formed by the rear edge of the ear coverts.[4]
Similar species include grey-fronted honeyeater, yellow-plumed honeyeater and white-plumed honeyeater.[5][6]
Call
They have numerous calls, notably a distinctive rollicking arig arig a taw taw, a clear flutey cheer tor cheer and an incessant chip contact call.[7]
Ecology and behaviour
Fuscous honeyeaters live in colonies in dry eucalypt forest and woodland, mostly inland of the Great Dividing Range, but in New South Wales and Queensland also in coastal heathy forest.[7] They are sometimes also found in gardens, and in patches of remnant forest on farms.[5]
They are mostly sedentary, though will make some nomadic movements in response to drought and flowering of eucalypts.[6] In the southeast of their range, they make some seasonal altitudinal movements, moving down from higher regions in during colder months.[5][7]
Diet
Fuscous honeyeaters are mainly insectivorous, foraging actively mainly in outer and upper foliage, branches and trunks of eucalypts, and taking insects on the wing.[6] They also feed opportunistically on nectar,[7] including from eucalypts and mistletoes, lerp and honeydew.[6]
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Conservation status
The species is listed under the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as a species of Least Concern.[1]
References
- BirdLife International (2018). "Ptilotula fusca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22704088A130252398. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22704088A130252398.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- Nyári, Á.S.; Joseph, L. (2011). "Systematic dismantlement of Lichenostomus improves the basis for understanding relationships within the honeyeaters (Meliphagidae) and historical development of Australo–Papuan bird communities". Emu. 111 (3): 202–211. doi:10.1071/mu10047. S2CID 85333285.
- Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). "Honeyeaters". World Bird List Version 6.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- Morcombe, Michael (2012) Field Guide to Australian Birds. Pascal Press, Glebe, NSW. Revised edition. ISBN 978174021417-9
- "Fuscous Honeyeater". Birdlife Australia. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
- Tzaros, C. (2021) Wildlife of the Box-Ironbark Country. 2nd Edition, CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Victoria, ISBN 9781486313150
- Menkhorst, P., Rogers, D., Clarke, R., Davies, J., Marsack, P., Franklin, K. (2019) The Australian Bird Guide: Revised Edition, CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Victoria, ISBN 9781486311934
