List of lightships of the United States

This is a list of lightships of the United States, listing lightships operated by the United States government. The first US lightship was put in place off of Willoughby Spit in Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, in 1820.[1] Lightships remained in service in the United States until March 29, 1985, when the last ship, the Nantucket I, was decommissioned.[2] During that period, lightships were operated by several branches of the government: by the Lighthouse Establishment from 1820 to 1852, the Lighthouse Board from 1852 to 1910, the Lighthouse Service from 1910 to 1939, and the Coast Guard from 1939 to 1985.

The naming conventions used for lightships are not consistent. Until 1867, there was no uniform method to refer to individual lightships. Lightships in that period generally took the name of the station that they served, but occasionally other names. These names were not permanently assigned to an individual vessel. Rather, whenever a lightship was moved to a new station she took on that name. That made identifying individual ships nearly impossible. Beginning in 1867, lightship numbers (hull numbers) were assigned to ships still in service. These numbers are the primary means of identifying individual lightships across her various stations. In 1938, the Lighthouse Service retroactively allocated letter codes to the unnumbered lightships based on their research of available records, although some ships may have been lost or misidentified.[3] Even with the hull numbers, it is common to refer to a lightship by the name of the station it serves (or Relief, if it is a relief ship) and a few, such as the Nantucket I and Nantucket II have been given individual names.

Lightships
Lightship LV-1 in 1907.
Lightship LV-2, c.1900.
Lightship LV-3 in 1907.
Lightship LV-71, c.1910.
Lightship LV-82 c.1915 after being raised
Designation Start Year End Year Stations Fate
Lightship Ac.1838c.1868St. Helena Bar (1838 – 1859)
Combahee Bank (1859–1868)		Un­known[A][3]
Lightship B18211861Smith Point (1821 – 1861)Sunk by the Confederate States Navy in 1861[A][3]
Lightship C1820c.1859Willoughby's Spit (1820)
Craney Island (1821 – 1859)		Un­known[A][3]
Lightship Dc.1854c.1860Frying Pan Shoal (1854 – 1860)Sunk or captured by the Confederate States Navy[A][3]
Lightship Ec.1854c.1860Rattlesnake Shoal (1854 – 1860)Sunk or captured by the Confederate States Navy[A][3]
Lightship Fc.1849after1860Ship Shoal (1849 – 1859)
Relief (1860 – Unknown)		Un­known[A][3]
Lightship Gc.18651866Cross Rip (1865 – 1866)Abandoned and sunk by December 30, 1866[A][3]
Lightship Hc.18281864Cross Rip (1828 – 1864)Wrecked at Cape Poge, Martha's Vineyard in 1864[A][3]
Lightship Kc.1839c.1859Martins Industry (1839 – 1855)
Calibouge Sound (1855 – 1859)		Un­known[A][3]
Lightship Lc.1835after1849Bartlett Reef (1835 – 1849)
Eel Grass Shoal (1849 – Unknown)		Un­known[A][3]
Lightship Mc.1826c.1855Wade Point Shoal (1826 – 1855)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship N1823c.1855Brandywine Shoal (1823 – 1850)
Minots Ledge (1851 – 1854)
Relief (1855)		Un­known[A][3]
Lightship Oc.18351861Bowlers Rock (1835 – 1861)Sunk or captured by the Confederate States Navy[A][3]
Lightship Pc.1848after1848Tybee Island Knoll (1848 – Unknown)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship Q1821c.1847Willoughby's Spit (1821 – 1847)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship R18471867Willoughby's Spit (1847 – 1867)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship S1821after1821Wolf Trap Shoal (1821 – Unknown)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship T18561861Wolf Trap / York Spit (1856 – 1861)Sunk or captured by the Confederate States Navy in 1861[A][3]
Lightship Uc.18341861Windmill Point (1834 – 1861)Sunk or captured by the Confederate States Navy in 1861[A][3]
Lightship Vc.18631864Fishing Rip (1863 – 1864)Captured during the American Civil War, and commandeered by the United States Navy from July 5, 1863 to March 1864. It is unknown what became of it after the war.[A][3]
Lightship Wc.18471860Merrills Shell Bank (1847 – 1860)Sunk by the Confederate States Navy in 1860[A][3]
Lightship X1823c.1845Upper Middle Shoal (1823 – 1845)May be Lightship LV-19, which was sunk in 1900[A][3]
Lightship Yc.1857c.1861Dames Point (1857 – 1861)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship Z1847c.1860Vineyard Sound (1847 – 1860)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship AAc.1825c.1841Carysfort Reef (1825 – 1841)May have been converted to a bell boat in 1841, but may have been two ships. (The first retired in 1830.)[A][3]
Lightship BBc.1841c.1852Carysfort Reef (1841 – 1841)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship DDc.18251861Lower Cedar Point (1825 – 1861)Sunk or captured by the Confederate States Navy in 1861[A][3]
Lightship EEbefore1859c.1859Upper Cedar Point (Unknown – 1859)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship FFc.1831after1831Brant Island Shoal (1831 – Unknown)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship GGc.1863c.1863Brant Island Shoal (1863)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship HHc.1828c.1862Neuse River (1828 – 1862)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship JJc.18251861Long Shoal (1825 – 1861)Sunk or captured by the Confederate States Navy in 1861[A][3]
Lightship KKc.1864c.1867Long Shoal (1864 – 1867)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship LLc.1821after1821Upper Cedar Point (1821 – Unknown)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship MMc.18351861Roanoke River (1835 – 1861)Sunk or captured by the Confederate States Navy in 1861[A][3]
Lightship NNc.1838c.1854Northwest Passage (1838 – 1854)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship PPc.1846c.1853Sand Key (1846 – 1853)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship QQc.18361861Harbor Island (1836 – 1861)Sunk or captured by the Confederate States Navy in 1861[A][3]
Lightship RRc.1835c.1861Roanoke Island (1835 – 1861)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship SSc.18271861Nine Foot Shoal (1827 – 1859)
Upper Cedar Point (1859 – 1861)		Sunk or captured by the Confederate States Navy in 1861[A][3]
Lightship TTc.1852c.1859Okracoke Channel (1852 – 1859)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship UUc.1851c.1870Horseshoe Shoal (1851 – 1870)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship VV1823c.1829Sandy Hook (1823 – 1829)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship WW1839c.1854Sandy Hook (1839 – 1854)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship XX1849c.1870Galveston (1849 – c. 1870)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship YY1832c.1851Mackinaw Straight (1832 – 1851)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship ZZ1820c.1823Northeast Pass (1820 – 1823)Un­known[A][3]
Lightship LV-118561930Nantucket New South Shoal (1856 – 1892)
Martins Industry (1892 – 1896)
Frying Pan Shoal (1896 – 1911)
Martins Industry (1911 – 1922)
Savannah (1922 – 1930)		Donated to the Sea Scouts in 1930. Later ran aground on the banks of the Merrimack River in a flood that occurred in 1936.[B][4]
Lightship LV-218491921Pollock Rip (1849 – 1875)
Winter Quarter Shoal (1875 – 1876)
Hen and Chickens (1877 – 1907)
Relief (1907 – 1921)		Un­known[B][5]
Lightship LV-318521923Shovelful Shoal (1852 – 1916)
Relief (1916)
Handkerchief Shoal (1916 – 1923)		Un­known[B][6]
Lightship LV-418561924Bishop and Clerks (1856 – 1858)
Handkerchief Shoal (1858 – 1916)
Relief (1916 – 1924)		Un­known[B][7]
Lightship LV-518661930Hen and Chickens (1866 – 1867)
Cross Rip (1867 – 1915)
Relief (1916)
Stonehorse Shoal (1916 – 1923)
Handkerchief Shoal (1923 – 1924)
Relief (1925 – 1930)		Un­known[B][8]
Lightship LV-618621918Succonnesset Shoal (1862 – 1912)
Relief (1912 – 1915)
Cross Rip (1915 – 1918)		Disappeared on February 4, 1918. LV-6 was stuck in moving ice, and presumably sank with all hands.[B][9]
Lightship LV-718541909Minots Ledge (1854 – 1860)
Vineyard Sound (1861 – 1875)
Relief (1875 – 1881)
Wreck of Scotland (1881 – 1902)
Relief (1902 – 1909)		Un­known[B][10]
Lightship LV-818601879Frying Pan Shoal (1860)
Han and Chickens (1867 – 1877)
Relief (1877 – 1879)		Sunk by the Confederate States Navy in 1860 at Cape Fear River. LV-8 was later salvaged by USLHT Iris in 1866, and repaired. It is unknown what became of this ship.[B][11]
Lightship LV-918581925Relief (1858–1915)
Hedge Fence (1915–1925)		Un­known[B][12]
Lightship LV-1018871902Grosse Pointe (1887–1902)LV-10 was originally purchased as a construction barge for the Lighthouse Service, then was converted to a lightship in 1887. It is unknown what became of this ship after it left service.[13]
Lightship LV-1118541925Nantucket New South Shoal (1854–1855)
Brenton Reef (1856–1897)
Relief (1897–1902)
Scotland (1902–1925)		Un­known[B][14]
Lightship LV-12c.18351871Eel Grass Shoal (Unknown–1871)Un­known[C][15]
Lightship LV-1318541913Relief (1854 – 1855)
Succonnessett Shoal (1855 – 1862)
Relief (1862 – 1867)
Bartlett Reef (1867 – 1933)
Relief (1933 – 1934)		Un­known[B][16]
Lightship LV-1418531872Brenton Reef (1853 – 1856)
Cornfield Point (1856 – 1872)
Relief (1872)		Un­known[B][17]
Lightship LV-1518381879Stratford Shoal (1837 – 1877)
Relief (1877 – 1879)		LV-15 was replaced by Stratford Shoal Light in 1877, then was used as a barracks for workers building the Great Beds Light in 1880. She was sold at the end of that year at auction for $1,010. It is unknown what became of this ship after the auction.[B][18]
Lightship LV-1618541935Sandy Hook (1854 – 1891)
Relief (1891 – 1935)		Un­known[B][19]
Lightship LV-1718481891Bartlett Reef (1848 – 1867)
Relief (1867 – 1877)
Eel Grass Shoal (1877 – 1882)
Relief (1882 – 1891)		Transferred to US Navy in 1891 for use as target practice, and sunk later that year.[B][20]
Lightship LV-1818391875Five Fathom Bank (1839 – 1869)
Relief (1869 – 1875)		Transferred to US Navy in 1875 for use as target practice, presumably sunk.[B][21]
Lightship LV-19c.18451900Cross Ledge (1845 – 1875)
Fourteen Foot Bank (1876 – 1886)
Ram Island Reef (1886 – 1894)
Relief (1894 – 1900)		May be the same ship as Lightship X. LV-19 was transferred to US Navy in 1900 for use as target practice, and presumably sank.[B][22]
Lightship LV-2018671923Relief (1867 – 1868)
Wreck of Scotland (1868 – 1870)
Relief (1870 – 1876)
Wreck of Scotland (1876 – 1880)
Relief (1880 – 1886)
Wreck of Oregon (1886)
Relief (1886 – 1918)
Cross Rip (1918 – 1922)
Relief (1923)		Sold in 1923 and used by rumrunners during Prohibition. She was eventually grounded, abandoned, and burned near Plymouth, Massachusetts.[B][23]
Lightship LV-2118641880Upper Cedar Point (1864 – 1867)
Willoughby Split (1867 – 1868)
Relief (1869 – 1871)
Wreck of Weehawken (1871 – 1872)
Tybee Island Knoll (1872 – 1880)		Un­known[B][24]
Lightship LV-22c.18461903Relief (1846–Unknown)
York Split (1863–1864)
Wolf Trap Shoal (1864–1870)
Eel Grass Shoal (1871–1872)
Cornfield Point (1872–1882)
Relief (1884–1885)
Hog Island Shoal (1885–1901)
Relief (1901–1903)		This was the only lightship to be renumbered (see note C). It is unknown what became of LV-22.[C][15][25]
Lightship LV-2318621925Smith Point (1862 – 1868)
Willoughby Split (1868 – 1872)
Relief (1872 – 1874)
Wreck of Scotland (1874 – 1876)
Relief (1876 – 1882)
Cornfield Point (1882 – 1892)
Relief (1892 – 1894)
Ram Island Reef (1894 – 1925)		Originally A. J. W. Applegarth, she was acquired by the Lightship Service in 1862. It is unknown what became of this ship after she left service.[B][26]
Lightship LV-2418641869Lower Cedar Point (1864 – 1867)
York Spit (1867 – 1870)
Relief (1870 – 1874)
Winter Quarter Shoal (1874 – 1875)
Relief (1875 – 1889)		Un­known[B][27]
Lightship LV-2518271884Hooper Straight (1827 – 1867)
Relief (1867 – 1870)
Choptank River entrance (1870 – 1871)
Eel Grass Shoal (1872 – 1877)
Relief (1877 – 1884)		Un­known[B][28]
Lightship LV-2818641906Bowlers Rock (1864 – 1868)
Relief (1868 – 1869)
Galveston (1870 – 1906)		Un­known[B][29]
Lightship LV-2918651915Frying Pan Shoal (1865 – 1871)
Martins Industry (1871 – 1875)
Frying Pan Shoal (1875 – 1877)
Relief (1877 – 1880)
Martins Industry (1880 – 1887)
Relief (1887 – 1888)
Frying Pan Shoal (1888 – 1892)
Relief (1893 – 1906)
Martins Industry (1906 – 1911)
Relief (1911 – 1915)		Un­known[B][30]
Lightship LV-3018631871Rattlesnake Shoal (1863 – 1871)Un­known[B][31]
Lightship LV-3118651871Wreck of Weehawken (1865 – 1871)Formerly James Gray, commissioned in the Confederate States Navy as CSS Lady Davis. Captured by the USN in 1865, stripped, and transferred into lightship service. LV-31 served until 1871 after which her fate is unknown.[B][32]
Lightship LV-3218631890Frying Pan Shoal (1863 – 1864)
Martins Industry (1864 – 1871)
Relief (1871 – 1877)
Frying Pan Shoal (1877 – 1883)
Relief (1883 – 1886)
Rattlesnake Shoal (1886 – 1889)
Relief (1889 – 1890)		Un­known[B][33]
Lightship LV-3318571872Relief (1857 – 1861)
Martins Industry (1862 – 1864)
Relief (1864 – 1868)
Fishing Rip (1868 – 1869)
Tybee Island Knoll (1869 – 1872)		Un­known[B][34]
Lightship LV-3418661924Relief (1866 – 1876)
Frying Pan Shoal (1871 – 1875)
Martins Industry (1876 – 1880)
Rattlesnake Shoal (1880 – 1886)
Martins Industry (1887 – 1892)
Rattlesnake Shoal (1892 – 1894)
Charleston (1894 – 1924)		Un­known[B][35]
Lightship LV-3518581862Martins Industry (1858 – 1862)it was originally sunk by the Confederate States Navy in the Savannah River in 1862. Four years later it was raised, and intended to be used for lightship duly as LV-35. Subsequently, it was found to be too damaged so it was scrapped.[D][36]
Lightship LV-3718691893Five Fathoms Bank (1869 – 1876)
Winter Quarter Shoal (1876 – 1888)
Relief (1888)
Fenwick Island Shoal (1888 – 1892)
Relief (1892 – 1893)		Sank on station on August 4, 1893 with the loss of four crewmen.[E][37]
Lightship LV-3818701892Relief (1870 – 1871)
Rattlesnake Shoal (1871 – 1880)
Relief (1881 – 1883)
Frying Pan Shoal (1883 – 1888)
Relief (1888 – 1889)
Rattlesnake Shoal (1889 – 1892)		Un­known[E][38]
Lightship LV-3918751935Vineyard Sound (1875 – 1876)
Five Fathom Bank (1876 – 1877)
Relief (1877 – 1897)
Brenton Reef (1897 – 1935)		Sank in 1975 near Beverly, Massachusetts.[39]
Lightship LV-5818941905Nantucket New South Shoal (1894 – 1896)
Fire Island (1896 – 1897)
Relief (1897 – 1905)		Sank in 1905 due to a gale.[40]
Lightship LV-7118971918Diamond Shoals (1897 – 1918)Torpedoed, and sank in 1918[41]
Lightship LV-7319011944Pollock Rip Shoal (1901 – 19??)
Vineyard Sound (19?? – 1944)		Sunk on September 19, 1944 in a hurricane.[42]
Lightship LV-7919041967Five Fathom Bank (1904 – 1924)
Relief (1924 – 1926)
Barnegat (1927 – 1942)
Examination Vessel, WWII (1942 – 1945)
Barnegat (1945 – 1967)		Now a museum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[43]
Lightship LV-8219121936Buffalo (1912-1913)
Relief (1916-1925)
Eleven Foot (1926-1936)		Scrapped in 1942, or possibly sunk by vandals in 1945.[44]
Lightship LV-8319051960Blunts Reef (1905 – 1930)
San Francisco (1930 – 1942)
Examination Vessel, WWII (1942 – 1945)
San Francisco (1945 – 1951)
Relief (1951 – 1960)		Now a museum in Seattle, Washington.[45]
Lightship LV-8719071966Now a museum in New York City, New York.
Lightship LV-9718951918Bush Bluff (1895 – 1918)Scrapped in 1945.[46]
Lightship LV-10019291971Blunts Reef (1930 – 1942)
Examination Vessel, WWII (1942 – 1945)
Blunts Reef (1945 – 1959)
Relief (1959 – 1969)
San Francisco (1969 – 1971)		Transferred to the U.S. Navy on August 6, 1971 for further transfer to Vietnam. it is unknown what became of this ship.[F][47]
Lightship LV-10119161963Cape Charles (1916 – 1924)
Relief (1925 – 1926)
Overfalls (1926 – 1951)
Stonehorse Shoal (1951 – 1963)		Now a museum in Portsmouth, Virginia.[48]
Lightship LV-10219161963Southwest Pass (1917 – 1918)
South Pass (1918 – 1933)
Relief (1933 – 1934)
Brenton Reef (1935 – 1962)
Cross Rip (1962 – 1963)		[49]
Lightship LV-10319211970Relief (1921 – 1923)
Grays Reef (1924 – 1926)
Relief (1927 – 1928)
Grays Reef (1929)
Relief (1929 – 1933)
North Manitou Shoal (1934 – 1935)
Relief (1935)
Lake Huron (1936 – 1970)		Now a museum in Port Huron, Michigan.[50]
Lightship LV-10519221944Diamond Shoal (1922 – 1942)
Examination vessel (1942 – 1944)
[51]
Lightship LV-10619231967Nantucket Shoals (1923 – 1931)
Relief (1931 – 1934)
Nantucket Shoals (1934 – 1936)
Relief (1936 – 1942)
Examination vessel (1942 – 1945)
Relief (1945 – 1967)		[52]
Lightship LV-10719231968Cape Lookout Shoals (1924 – 1933)
Winter Quarter Shoal (1934 – 1942)
Examination vessel (1942 – 1956)
Winter Quarter Shoal (1945 – 1960)
Delaware (1960 – 1965)
Relief (Third District) (1965 – 1968)
Moored at the Liberty Landing Marina in Liberty State Park, Jersey City, New Jersey[53]
Lightship LV-10819231970Relief (Third District) (1923)
Five Fathom Bank (1924 – 1942)
Examination vessel (1942 – 1945)
Five Fathom Bank (1945 – 1970)		[54]
Lightship LV-10919231966Relief (6th district) (1924 – 1954)
Savannah (1954 – 1964)
New Orleans (165 – 1966)
[55]
Lightship LV-11019231972Pollack Rip (1924 – 1942)
Examination vessel (1942 – 1945)
Pollack Rip (1945 – 1947)
Vineyard Sound (1945 – 1947)
Cross Rip (1954 – 1958)
Buzzards Bay (1959 – 1961)
Relief (4th and 5th districts) (1961 – 1967)
Barnegat (1967 – 1969)
Five Fathom Bank (1970 – 1971)
[56]
Lightship LV-11119261969Northeast End (1927 – 1932)
Ambrose Channel (1932 – 1952)
Portland (1952 – 1969)
[57]
Lightship LV-11219361975Nantucket Shoals (1936 – 1942)
Examination Vessel, WWII (1942 – 1945)
Nantucket Shoals (1945 – 1958)
Relief (1958 – 1960)
Nantucket Shoals (1960 – 1975)		Now a museum in East Boston, Massachusetts.[58]
Lightship LV-11319301968Swiftsure Bank (1930 – 1942)
Examination Vessel, WWII (1942 – 1945)
Swiftsure Bank (1945 – 1961)
Umatilla Reef (1961)
Relief (1961 – 1968)		Sank on June 16, 1988 while being towed to Ketchikan, Alaska.[F][59]
Lightship LV-11419301971Fire Island (1930 – 1942)
Examination Vessel, WWII (1942 – 1945)
Diamond Shoal (1945 – 1947)
Relief (1947 – 1958)
Pollock Rip (1958 – 1969)
Portland (1969 – 1971)		Scrapped in 2007 after sinking (later raised) in New Bedford, Massachusetts.[F][60]
Lightship LV-11519301965Frying Pan Shoals (1930 – 1942)
Examination Vessel, WWII (1942 – 1945)
Frying Pan Shoals (1945 – 1964)
Relief (1964 – 1965)		Operational, and available for rent[F][61]
Lightship LV-11619301970Fenwick Island Shoal (1930 – 1933)
Chesapeake (1933 – 1942)
Examination Vessel, WWII (1942 – 1945)
Chesapeake (1945 – 1965)
Delaware (1965 – 1970)		Now a museum in Baltimore, Maryland[F][62]
Lightship LV-11719311934Nantucket Shoals (1931 – 1934)Sank in 1934 after being struck by the RMS Olympic.[F][63]
Lightship LV-11819381972Cornfield Point (1938 – 1957)
Cross Rip (1958 – 1962)
Boston (1962 – 1972)		Now a museum in Lewes, Delaware.[64]
Lightship WLV-60419511979Columbia River (1951 – 1979)Now a museum in Astoria, Oregon.[65]
Lightship WAL-60519511975Overfalls (1951 – 1960)
Blunts Reef' (1960 – 1969)
Relief (1969 – 1975)		Now a museum in Oakland, California.[66]
Lightship WLV-61219501985San Francisco (1951 – 1969)
Blunts Reef (1969 – 1971)
Portland (1971 – 1975)
Nantucket Shoals (1975 – 1983)		Sold to private owner, operational and available for charter. She is the last lightship to be decommissioned by the coast guard.[67]
Lightship WLV-61319521983Ambrose Channel (1952 – 1967)
Relief (1967 – 1979)
Nantucket Shoals (1979 – 1983)		Sold to private owner. Located in Wareham and New Bedford, Massachusetts in the 2010s.[68]

Notes
  • ^ A. Name assigned retroactively in 1938. During her years in service, this ship was referred to exclusively by her station name.
  • ^ B. Name/hull number assigned between 1867–70. Previously, she was referred to exclusively by her station name.
  • ^ C. LV-12 was assigned to two ships. From circa 1867 to 1871, LV-12 was the former Guthrie and LV-22 was an unnamed Fifth District relief vessel. In 1871, old LV-12 was decommissioned and LV-22 was renumbered LV-12. For clarity, this list refers to her as LV-22 exclusively.
  • ^ D. Name/hull number assigned between 1867–68 in anticipation of her return to service, but she was found not fit, condemned, and sold.
  • ^ E. Either LV-37 or LV-38 was the first lightship to have launched with a LV designation. Except for the anomalously numbered LV-10 (which would have been 43), all subsequent US lightships were numbered sequentially.
  • ^ F. Six identical vessels: LV 100/WAL 523 (1929), LV 113/WAL 535 (1929) and LV 114 / WAL 536 (1930) built at Albina Iron Works, Portland, Oregon. LV 115 / WAL 537 (1930), LV 116 / WAL 538 (1930) and LV 117 (1930) built at Charleston Drydock & Machine Company, Charleston, South Carolina.

References
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  7. "Vessel Designation: LV4". U.S. Coast Guard Lightships. United States Coast Guard. June 18, 2008. Retrieved August 24, 2008.
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