List of BeiDou satellites

This is a list of past and present satellites of the BeiDou/Compass navigation satellite system. As of January 2022, 44 satellites are operational: 7 in geostationary orbits (GEO), 10 in 55° inclined geosynchronous orbits (IGSO) and 27 in Medium Earth orbits (MEO). Furthermore, 5 satellites (2 in Medium Earth orbit, 1 in geostationary orbit and 2 in inclined geosynchronous orbit) are undergoing testing or commissioning.

BeiDou
Country/ies of originPeople's Republic of China
TypeMilitary, Commercial
StatusOperational
CoverageGlobal
Constellation size
Nominal satellites24 MEO, 3 GEO, 3 IGSO (BeiDou-3)[1]
Current usable satellites
  • BD-3: 24 MEO, 5 GEO, 3 IGSO
  • BD-2: 3 MEO, 4 GEO, 7 IGSO
First launch30 October 2000
Last launch17 May 2023
Total launches60
Orbital characteristics
Regime(s)Geostationary orbit
Inclined geosynchronous orbit
Medium Earth orbit
Orbital heightVarious
Docking with Shijian-21 done by Compass G2
Docking dateLate December 2021[2]
Undocking dateLate January 2022[3]

Constellation design

For BeiDou-1, the system consists of 4 GEO satellites (3 active + 1 spare).[4]

For BeiDou-2, the nominal constellation consists of 35 satellites (27 MEO, 5 GEO for BeiDou-1 compatibility, 3 IGSO).[5]

For BeiDou-3, the nominal constellation consists of 30 satellites (24 MEO, 3 GEO, 3 IGSO).[1] The constellation was declared "complete" on 23 June 2020.

Satellites

Summary table
Summary of satellites, as of 19 May 2023
Constellation Launch
period		 Launches Status
Success Failure Planned Operational Testing/Reserve Unhealthy/Spare Retired
1 2000–20064000004
2 2007–2019200015005
3S 2015–20165000401
3 2016–present310029200
Total 6000446010

Note: 3S is the experimental / validation constellation for BeiDou-3. Although these satellites may be functional, their message format differs slightly from BD-3.

Full list
# Satellite[6] Launch date
(UTC)		 Launch site Carrier rocket[7] PRN[8] Orbit[9] Status[8][9] Remarks
- BeiDou-1A 30 October 2000
16:02		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3A N/A GEO 140° E Retired
December 2011		 BeiDou-1, first generation experimental satellite
- BeiDou-1B 20 December 2000
16:20		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3A N/A GEO 80° E Retired
December 2011		 BeiDou-1, first generation experimental satellite
- BeiDou-1C 24 May 2003
16:34		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3A N/A GEO 110.5° E Retired
December 2012		 BeiDou-1, first generation experimental satellite
- BeiDou-1D 2 February 2007
16:28		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3A N/A GEO 86° E Retired
February 2009		 BeiDou-1, first generation experimental satellite
1 Compass-M1 13 April 2007
20:11		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3A N/A MEO ~21,500 km Retired BeiDou-2, second generation validation satellite
2 Compass-G2 14 April 2009
16:16		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3C N/A GEO drifting Retired BeiDou-2 - Sent to GEO graveyard Orbit by Shijian-21 space Debris mitigation satellite or orbital servicing vehicle in January 2022.[10]
3 Compass-G1 16 January 2010
16:12		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3C N/A GEO 140.0° E Retired BeiDou-2
4 Compass-G3 2 June 2010
15:53		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3C N/A GEO 79.5° E Retired
September 29, 2018		 BeiDou-2, retired on 29 September 2018
5 Compass-IGSO1 31 July 2010
21:30		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3A C06 55° inclination IGSO 118° E Operational BeiDou-2
6 Compass-G4 31 October 2010
16:26		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3C C04 GEO 160.0° E Operational BeiDou-2
7 Compass-IGSO2 17 December 2010
20:20		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3A C07 55° inclination IGSO 118° E Operational BeiDou-2
8 Compass-IGSO3 9 April 2011
20:47		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3A C08 55° inclination IGSO 118° E Operational BeiDou-2
9 Compass-IGSO4 26 July 2011
21:44		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3A C09 55° inclination IGSO 95° E Operational BeiDou-2
10 Compass-IGSO5 1 December 2011
21:07		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3A C10 55° inclination IGSO 95° E Operational BeiDou-2
11 Compass-G5 24 February 2012
16:12		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3C C05 GEO 58.75° E Operational BeiDou-2
12 Compass-M3 29 April 2012
20:50		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B C11 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A07 Operational BeiDou-2
13 Compass-M4 C12 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A08 Operational BeiDou-2
14 Compass-M5 18 September 2012
19:10		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B N/A MEO ~21,500 km, Slot B03 Retired
October 21, 2014		 BeiDou-2, transmission ended on 21 October 2014[11]
15 Compass-M6 C14 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot B04 Operational BeiDou-2
16 Compass-G6 25 October 2012
15:33		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3C C02 GEO 80° E Operational BeiDou-2, last satellite of the second generation[12]
17 Beidou-3 I1-S 30 March 2015
13:52		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3C/YZ-1 C31 55° inclination IGSO 95° E Experiment BeiDou-3, third generation validation satellite[13]
18 Beidou-3 M1-S 25 July 2015
12:29		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C57 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A01 Experiment BeiDou-3, third generation validation satellite
19 Beidou-3 M2-S C58 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A06 Experiment BeiDou-3, third generation validation satellite
20 Beidou-3 I2-S 29 September 2015
23:13		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3B C56 55° inclination IGSO 95° E Experiment BeiDou-3, third generation validation satellite
21 Beidou-3 M3-S 1 February 2016
07:29		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3C/YZ-1 N/A MEO ~21,500 km Retired BeiDou-3, third generation validation satellite
22 Compass-IGSO6 29 March 2016
20:11		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3A C13 55° inclination IGSO 95° E Operational BeiDou-2, for reliability redundancy improving, formerly PNR C15[11]
23 Compass-G7 12 June 2016
15:30		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3C C03 GEO 110.5° E Operational BeiDou-2, for reliability redundancy improving
24 BeiDou-3 M1 5 November 2017
11:45		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C19 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot B07 Operational BeiDou-3, third generation navigation satellite. PRN C19 used until 12 June 2018.[11]
25 BeiDou-3 M2 C20 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot B08 Operational BeiDou-3
26 BeiDou-3 M7 11 January 2018
23:18		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C27 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A04 Operational BeiDou-3, PRN C28 used until 12 June 2018.
27 BeiDou-3 M8 C28 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A05 Operational BeiDou-3
28 BeiDou-3 M3 12 February 2018
05:03		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C21 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot B05 Operational BeiDou-3
29 BeiDou-3 M4 C22 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot B06 Operational BeiDou-3
30 BeiDou-3 M9 29 March 2018
17:56		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C29 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A02 Operational BeiDou-3
31 BeiDou-3 M10 C30 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A03 Operational BeiDou-3
32 Compass-IGSO7 9 July 2018
20:58		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3A C16 55° inclination IGSO 95° E[14] Operational BeiDou-2, for reliability redundancy improving
33 BeiDou-3 M5 29 July 2018
01:48		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C23 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot C07 Operational BeiDou-3
34 BeiDou-3 M6 C24 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot C01 Operational BeiDou-3
35 BeiDou-3 M11 24 August 2018
23:52		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C25 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot C08 Operational BeiDou-3
36 BeiDou-3 M12 C26 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot C02 Operational BeiDou-3
37 BeiDou-3 M13 19 September 2018
14:07		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C32 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot B01 Operational BeiDou-3, with COSPAS-SARSAT MEOSAR payloads.
38 BeiDou-3 M14 C33 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot B03 Operational BeiDou-3, with COSPAS-SARSAT MEOSAR payloads.
39 BeiDou-3 M15 15 October 2018
04:23		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C34 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A07 Operational BeiDou-3
40 BeiDou-3 M16 C35 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A01 Operational BeiDou-3
41 BeiDou-3 G1 1 November 2018
15:57		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/E C59 GEO 144.2° E Operational BeiDou-3
42 BeiDou-3 M17 18 November 2018
18:07		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C36 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot C04 Operational BeiDou-3
43 BeiDou-3 M18 C37 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot C06 Operational BeiDou-3
44 BeiDou-3 I1 20 April 2019
14:41		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3B/E C38 55° inclination IGSO Operational BeiDou-3
45 Compass-G8 17 May 2019
15:48		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3C C01 GEO Operational BeiDou-2, for reliability redundancy improving
46 BeiDou-3 I2 24 June 2019
18:09		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3B/E C39 55° inclination IGSO Operational BeiDou-3
47 BeiDou-3 M23 22 September 2019
21:10		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C45 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot C03 Operational BeiDou-3, with COSPAS-SARSAT MEOSAR payloads.
48 BeiDou-3 M24 C46 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot C05 Operational BeiDou-3, with COSPAS-SARSAT MEOSAR payloads.
49 BeiDou-3 I3 4 November 2019
17:43		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/E C40 55° inclination IGSO Operational BeiDou-3
50 BeiDou-3 M21 23 November 2019
00:55		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C43 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A06 Operational BeiDou-3, with COSPAS-SARSAT MEOSAR payloads.
51 BeiDou-3 M22 C44 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot A08 Operational BeiDou-3, with COSPAS-SARSAT MEOSAR payloads.
52 BeiDou-3 M19 16 December 2019
07:22		 Xichang, LC-3 Long March 3B/YZ-1 C41 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot B02 Operational BeiDou-3
53 BeiDou-3 M20 C42 MEO ~21,500 km, Slot B04 Operational BeiDou-3
54 BeiDou-3 G2 9 March 2020
11:55		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/E C60 GEO Operational BeiDou-3
55 BeiDou-3 G3 23 June 2020
01:43		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/E C61 GEO In-orbit testing BeiDou-3
56 BeiDou-3 G4 17 May 2023
02:49		 Xichang, LC-2 Long March 3B/E C62 GEO In-orbit testing BeiDou-3

Medium Earth Orbit Satellites Orbital slots
Slot Plane
A B C
01 3-M16 3-M13 3-M6
02 3-M9 3-M19 3-M12
03 3-M10 3-M14 3-M23
04 3-M7 3-M20 3-M17
05 3-M8 3-M3 3-M24
06 3-M21 3-M4 3-M18
07 3-M15 3-M1 3-M5
08 3-M22 3-M2 3-M11
Number in italic are under commissioning.
Numbers in parentheses refer to non-operational satellites.
Animation of BeiDou-3
Around the Earth
Around the Earth - Polar view
Earth fixed frame - Equatorial view, front
Earth fixed frame - Equatorial view, side
   Earth ·    I1  ·    I2  ·    I3 ·   G1 ·   G2 ·   G3

See also

References
  1. Update on the BeiDou Satellite Navigation System Archived 23 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine. 12th ICG Meeting. Jia-Qing Ma, China Satellite Navigation Office.
  2. "China's Shijian-21 towed dead satellite to a high graveyard orbit". Spacenews. 27 January 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
  3. "China's Shijian-21 towed dead satellite to a high graveyard orbit". Spacenews. 27 January 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
  4. Goebel, Greg (1 September 2008). "International Navigation Satellite Systems". vectorsite.net. Archived from the original on 1 October 2015. Retrieved 6 April 2007.
  5. "China Launches Another Compass GEO Navigation Satellite". Inside GNSS. 2 June 2010. Archived from the original on 11 June 2010. Retrieved 4 June 2010.
  6. Spaceflight Now - Launch Log
  7. "北斗卫星导航系统卫星状态". Archived from the original on 24 October 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
  8. "Constellation Status". Test and Assessment Research Center of China Satellite Navigation Office. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  9. "The Almanac: GPS World". GPS World. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  10. "China's Shijian-21 towed dead satellite to a high graveyard orbit". 27 January 2022.
  11. "IGS MGEX BeiDou". mgex.igs.org. Archived from the original on 14 December 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  12. "中国北斗，与美国GPS比肩而立". 人民日报海外版. 2 March 2013. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  13. "中国北斗导航卫星再次进入密集发射期". 中国新闻社. 31 March 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  14. "系统基本信息". www.csno-tarc.cn. Archived from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
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