List of ovens

This is a list of oven types. An oven is a thermally insulated chamber used for the heating, baking or drying of a substance,[1] and most commonly used for cooking or for industrial processes (industrial oven). Kilns and furnaces are special-purpose ovens. Kilns have historically been used in the production of pottery, quicklime, charcoal, etc., while furnaces are mainly used in metalworking (metallurgical furnace) and other industrial processes (industrial furnace).

A modern double oven

Materials; the two basic historical types

Ovens historically have been made by either digging the heating chamber into the earth, or by building them from various materials:

  • Earth ovens, dug into the earth and covered with non-permanent means, like leaves and soil
  • Masonry ovens, a term historically used for "built-up ovens", usually made of clay, adobe and cob, stone, and brick.

Modern ovens are made of industrial materials.

Earth ovens

An earth oven, or cooking pit, is one of the most simple and long-used cooking structures. At its simplest, an earth oven is a pit in the ground used to trap heat and bake, smoke, or steam food. Earth ovens have been used in many places and cultures in the past, and the presence of such cooking pits is a key sign of human settlement often sought by archaeologists. They remain a common tool for cooking large quantities of food where no equipment is available.

Name Image Description
Barbecue Barbecue is both a cooking method and apparatus.
  • A pit barbecue
    A pit barbecue
Hāngi A traditional New Zealand Māori method of cooking food using heated rocks buried in a pit oven still used for special occasions.
Huatia
Kalua
Pachamanca

Masonry ovens

See below under "Baking ovens", both for masonry oven in general and for various types.

Purpose

Broadly speaking, ovens have always been used either for cooking, prominently for baking; or for industrial purposes – for producing metals out of ores, charcoal, coke, ceramic, etc.

Baking

Baking is a food cooking method that uses prolonged dry heat by convection, rather than by thermal radiation, normally in an oven, but also in hot ashes, or on hot stones.[2] Bread is a commonly baked food.

Baking bread in a commercial oven
Bread being baked in a tabun oven
Name Image Description
AGA cooker A heat storage oven and cooker, which works on the principle that a heavy frame made from cast iron components can absorb heat from a relatively low-intensity but continuously-burning source, and the accumulated heat can then be used when needed for cooking.
Bachelor griller
Beehive oven
Chorkor oven
Clome oven
Communal oven
Convection microwave
Convection oven
Cooker May refer to several types of cooking appliances and devices used for cooking foods
Dutch oven
Easy-Bake Oven
Egyptian egg oven
Halogen oven
Haybox
Horno
Hot Box (appliance)
Kitchen stove
Kitchener range
Masonry oven In Arabic-speaking countries, the masonry oven is called "furn," derived from the Greek word "fournos"
Kyoto box
Microwave oven
Reflector oven
Rotimatic An automatic kitchen robot that bakes rotis and tortillas
Russian oven
Self-cleaning oven
Solar cooker
Roaster oven An electric table or cabinet top popular in the 1950s. Large enough to bake turkeys, they had removable inserts which held the food and a lid, often with a glass insert.
Tabun oven
Tandoor
Tannur May be used for either baking or cooking
Toaster and toaster oven
Trivection oven
Wood-fired oven

Industrial ovens & furnaces

Industrial ovens are heated chambers used for a variety of industrial applications, including drying, curing, or baking components, parts or final products. Industrial ovens can be used for large or small volume applications, in batches or continuously with a conveyor line, and a variety of temperature ranges, sizes and configurations.

Name Image Description
Batch oven A type of furnace used for thermal processing. They are used in numerous production and laboratory applications.
Burn-in ovens
Clean process oven
Flame broiler
Industrial oven Pictured is an industrial convection oven used in the manufacture of aircraft components
Heat tunnel
Reach-in oven
Walk-in/Truck-in ovens
Spiral ovens Ovens with a helical conveyor

Coke ovens
Main article: Coke (fuel)
A coke oven at a smokeless fuel plant in Wales, United Kingdom

Kilns

A kiln is a thermally insulated chamber, a type of oven, that produces temperatures sufficient to complete some process, such as hardening, drying, or chemical changes. Various industries and trades use kilns to harden objects made from clay into pottery, bricks etc.[3] Various industries use rotary kilns for pyroprocessing—to calcinate ores, produce cement, lime, and many other materials.

A rotary kiln
Name Image Description
Anagama kiln An ancient type of pottery kiln brought to Japan from China via Korea in the 5th century.
Charcoal kiln See for instance Birch Creek and Tybo Charcoal Kilns
Bottle oven
Brick clamp
Cement kiln
Lime kiln
Rotary kiln A pyroprocessing device used to raise materials to a high temperature (calcination) in a continuous process
Top-lit updraft gasifier
Tube furnace

See also

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ovens.
  1. Oven. Merriam-webster.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-23.
  2. Oxford English Dictionary
  3. "Brick making kilns" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-05-20.
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