List of plant hybrids

This is a list of plant hybrids created intentionally or by chance and exploited commercially in agriculture or horticulture. The hybridization event mechanism is documented where known, along with the authorities who described it.

An ornamental lily hybrid known as Lilium 'Citronella'[1]

Hybrids

SpeciesCommon nameFamilyHybridizationConfirmed or putative hybridization?Putative parental/ introgressive speciesPolyploid or homoploid?Polyploid chromosome countReferencesNotes
Abelmoschus esculentusOkraMalvaceaeAllopolyploid originPutativeUncertainPolyploid (tetraploid)usually 2n=4x=130Joshi and Hardas, 1956; Schafleitner et al., 2013Variable ploidy
Actinidia deliciosaKiwifruitActinidiaceaeAllopolyploid originPutativeActinidia chinensis and other Actinidia speciesPolyploid (hexaploid)2n=6x=174Atkinson et al., 1997
Agave fourcroydesHenequenAsparagaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedUncertainPolyploid (usu. pentaploid, triploid)2n=5x(3x)=150(90)Robert et al., 2008; Hughes et al., 2007Variable ploidy, polyploid event not recent
Agave sisalanaSisalAsparagaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedUncertainPolyploid (usu. pentaploid, hexaploid)2n=5x(6x)=150(180)Robert et al., 2008Variable ploidy, polyploid event not recent
Allium ampeloprasumGreat headed garlicAmaryllidaceaeIntraspecific hybrid originPutativeAllium ampeloprasumHomoploidGuenaoui et al., 2013
Allium cepaCommon onionAmaryllidaceaeInterspecific hybrid originPutativeUncertain: Allium vavilovii, A. galanthum or A. fistulosumHomoploidGurushidze et al., 2007
Allium cornutumTriploid onionAmaryllidaceaeTriparental allopolyploid originConfirmedAllium cepa, A. roylei, other Allium speciesPolyploid (triploid)2n=3x=24Fredotovic et al., 2014
Ananas comosusPineappleBromeliaceaeInterspecific introgressionPutativeAnanas ananassoidesHomoploidDuval et al., 2003
Annona × atemoyaAtemoyaAnnonaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedAnnona cherimola and A. squamosa ?Perfectti et al., 2004; Jalikop, 2010
Arachis hypogaeaPeanutFabaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedArachis duranensis and A. ipaënsisPolypoid (tetraploid)2n=4x=40Kochert et al., 1996; Bertioli et al., 2011
Armoracia rusticanaHorseradishBrassicaceaeInterspecific hybrid originPutativeUncertain ?Courter and Rhodes, 1969
Artocarpus altilisBreadfruitMoraceaeInterspecific introgressionPutativeArtocarpus mariannensis ?Zerega et al., 2005; Jones et al., 2013
Avena sativaOatPoaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedUncertainPolyploid (hexaploid)2n=6x=42Linares et al., 1998; Oliver et al., 2013
Brassica carinataEthiopian mustardBrassicaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedBrassica oleracea and B. nigraPolyploid (tetraploid)2n=4x=19Arias et al., 2014
Brassica junceaIndian mustardBrassicaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedBrassica nigra and B. rapaPolyploid (tetraploid)2n=4x=18Arias et al., 2014
Brassica napusRapeseed, rutabegaBrassicaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedBrassica rapa and B. oleraceaPolyploid (tetraploid)2n=4x=19Arias et al., 2014
Cajanus cajanPigeon peaFabaceaeIntraspecific introgression, interspecific introgressionPutativeWild Cajanus cajan and other Cajanus speciesHomoploidKassa et al., 2012
Cannabis sativaHempCannabaceaeIntraspecific introgressionPutativeCannabis sativa 'Indica' and 'Sativa' typesHomoploidde Meijer and van Soest, 1992
Carica pentagonaBabacoCaricaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedUncertain (Carica stipulata, Vasconcellea pubescens, V. weberbaueri ?Van Droogenbroeck et al., 2002; Van Droogenbroeck et al., 2006
Carya illinoinensisPecanJuglandaceaeInterspecific hybrid originPutativeUncertain ?Grauke et al., 2011
Castanea dentataAmerican ChestnutFagaceaeInterspecific introgressionConfirmedCastanea pumilaHomoploidLi and Dane, 2013Also ongoing efforts to introgress blight resistance from Castanea mollissima (see Jacobs et al., 2013)
Castanea sativaChestnutFagaceaeIntraspecific introgressionConfirmedCastanea sativa Eurosiberian and Mediterranean populationsHomoploidVillani et al., 1999; Mattioni et al., 2013
Chenopodium quinoaQuinoaChenopodiaceaeAllopolyploid originPutativeUncertainPolyploid (tetraploid)Heiser, 1974; Ward, 2000; Maughan et al., 2004
Cicer arietinumChickpea (pea-shaped)FabaceaeIntraspecific hybrid originPutativeCicer arietinum Desi and Kabuli germplasm ?Upadhyaya et al., 2008; Keneni et al., 2011
Cichorium intybusRadicchioAsteraceaeInterspecific introgressionConfirmedWild Cichorium intybusHomoploidKiaer et al., 2009
Citrus aurantiifoliaKey limeRutaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedCitrus medica and Citrus subg. Papeda ?Ollitrault and Navarro, 2012; Penjor et al., 2014; Nicolosi et al., 2000; Moore, 2001
Citrus aurantiumSour orangesRutaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedCitrus maxima and C. reticulata ?Wu et al., 2014; Moore, 2001
Citrus clementinaClementineRutaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedCitrus sinensis and C. reticulata ?Wu et al., 2014
Citrus limonLemon, limeRutaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedCitrus medica, C. × aurantiifolia, and other Citrus species ?Nicolosi et al., 2000; Moore, 2001
Citrus paradisiGrapefruitRutaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedCitrus sinensis and C. maxima ?Wu et al., 2014; Moore, 2001
Citrus reticulataMandarinRutaceaeInterspecific introgressionConfirmedCitrus maxima ?Wu et al., 2014
Citrus sinensisSweet orange (blood, common)RutaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedUncertain ?Wu et al., 2014; Moore, 2001
Cocos nuciferaCoconutArecaceaeIntraspecific introgressionConfirmedCocos nucifera Indo-Atlantic and Pacific lineagesHomoploidGunn et al., 2011
Coffea arabicaCoffeeRubiaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedCoffea eugenioides and C. canephoraPolyploid (tetraploid)2n=4x=44Lashermes et al., 1999
Corylus avellanaHazelnutBetulaceaeIntraspecific introgressionConfirmedWild Corylus avellana in southern EuropeHomoploidCampa et al., 2011; Boccacci et al., 2013
Cucurbita pepoWinter squash, pumpkinCucurbitaceaeIntraspecific introgressionPutativeCucurbita pepo var. texanaHomploidKirkpatrick and Wilson, 1988
Daucus carota subsp. sativusCarrotApiaceaeIntraspecific introgressionConfirmedDaucus carota subsp. carotaHomoploidIorizzo et al., 2013; Simon, 2000
Dioscorea speciesYamDioscoreaceaeInterspecific hybrid origin, introgressionPutativeUncertainVariableTerauchi et al., 1992; Dansi et al., 1999; Bhattacharjee et al., 2011; Mignouna et al., 2002Multiple species of putative hybrid (perhaps allopolyploid) origin including Dioscorea cayennensis subsp. rotundata and D. cayennensis
Diospyros kakiPersimmonEbenaceaeAllopolyploid originPutativeUncertainPolyploid (hexaploid)Yonemori et al., 2008
Ficus caricaFigMoraceaeInterspecific introgressionPutativeUncertain ?Aradhya et al., 2010
Fragaria ananassaStrawberryRosaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedFragaria virginiana (octoploid), F. chiloensis (octoploid)Homoploid relative to parentals (octoploid)2n=8x=56Evans, 1977; Hirakawa et al., 2014Uncertain which species formed the octoploid progenitors
Garcinia mangostanaMangosteenClusiaceaeAllopolyploid originPutativeGarcinia celebica and G. malaccensisPolyploid (tetraploid) ?Richards, 1990Recent work shows this may not be of hybrid origin (Nazre, 2014)
Gossypium hirsutumUpland cottonMalvaceaehybrid originConfirmedUncertain, referred to as 'A' and 'D'Polyploid (formed <1MYA)2n =4x=52Wendel and Cronn 2003Polyploidization likely led to agronomically significant traits (Applequist et al., 2001)
Hibiscus sabdariffaRoselleMalvaceaeAllopolyploid originPutativeUncertainPolyploid (tetraploid)2n=4x=72Menzel and Wilson, 1966; Satya et al., 2013
Hordeum vulgareBarleyPoaceaeIntrogressionConfirmedHordeum spontaneumHomoploidBadr et al., 2000; Dai et al., 2012
Humulus lupulusHopsCannabaceaeIntraspecific introgressionConfirmedHumulus lupulus North American and European germplasmHomoploidReeves and Richards, 2011; Stajner et al., 2008; Seefelder et al., 2000
Ipomoea batatasSweet potatoConvolvulaceaeIntraspecific introgression; Interspecific introgression?PutativeIpomoea batatas Central American and South American germplasmHomoploid relative to parentalsRoullier et al., 2013
Juglans regiaWalnutJuglandaceaeInterspecific hybridizationConfirmedJuglans sigillataHomoploidGunn et al., 2010
Lactuca sativaLettuceAsteraceaeIntraspecific hybrid originPutativeLactuca serriola and other Lactuca speciesHomoploidde Vries, 1997
Lagenaria sicerariaBottle GourdCucurbitaceaeIntraspecific introgressionConfirmedLagenaria siceraria African/American and Asian germplasmHomoploidClarke et al., 2006
Lens culinaris subsp. culinarisLentilFabaceaeIntraspecific introgressionPutativeWild lentil, Lens culinaris subsp. orientalisHomoploidErskine et al., 2011
Macadamia integrifoliaMacadamiaProteaceaeInterspecific hybrid origin, interspecific introgressionConfirmedMacadamia tetraphylla and other Macadamia speciesHomoploidHardner et al., 2009; Steiger et al., 2003; Aradhya et al., 1998
Malus domesticaAppleRosaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedMalus sieversii, M. sylvestris, and possibly other Malus speciesHomoploidCornille et al., 2012
Mentha piperitaPeppermintLamiaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedMentha aquatica and M. spicataPolyploid (12-ploid)2n=12x=66 or 72Harley and Brighton, 1977; Gobert et al., 2002
Musa paradisiacaBananaMusaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedMusa acuminata and M. balbisianaPolyploid (usually triploid)2n=3x=33Simmonds and Shepherd, 1955; Heslop-Harrison and Schwarzacher, 2007; De Langhe et al., 2010
Nicotiana tabacumTobaccoSolanaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedUncertain (Nicotiana sylvestris and N. tomentosiformis)Polyploid (tetraploid)2n=4x=48Kenton et al., 1993; Murad et al., 2002
Olea europaeaOliveOleaceaeIntraspecific introgressionPutativeWild Olea europaea, western and eastern germplasmHomoploidKaniewski et al., 2012; Besnard et al., 2013; Breton et al., 2006; Rubio de Casas et al., 2006; Besnard et al., 2007; Besnard et al., 2000
Opuntia speciesOpuntiaCactaceaeInterspecific hybrid origin, Allopolyploid originPutativeIncluding Opuntia ficus-indicaPolyploid, homoploidHughes et al., 2007; Griffith, 2004
Oryza sativaRicePoaceaeIntraspecific introgression, interspecific introgressionPutativeOryza sativa 'Japonica' and 'Indica' germplasm, Oryza rufipogonHomoploidCaicedo et al., 2007; Gao and Innan, 2008
Oxalis tuberosaOcaOxalidaceaeAllopolyploid originPutativeUncertainPolyploid (octaploid)2n=8x=64Emswhiller and Doyle, 2002; Emshwiller 2002; Emswhiller et al., 2009
Pennisetum glaucumPearl milletPoaceaeIntraspecific introgressionConfirmedWild Pennisetum glaucumHomoploidOumar et al., 2008
Persea americanaAvocado (Hass and other cultivars)LauraceaeIntraspecific introgressionConfirmedPersea americana 'Guatamalensis', 'Drymifolia', and 'Americana'HomoploidChen et al., 2008; Davis et al., 1998; Ashworth and Clegg, 2003; Douhan et al., 2011
Phoenix dactyliferaDate palmArecaceaeInterspecific hybrid originPutativeUncertainHomoploidEl Hadrami et al., 2011; Bennaceur et al., 1991
Piper methysticumKavaPiperaceaeAllopolyploid originPutativePiper wichmannii and P. gibbiflorumPolyploid (decaploid)2n=10x=130Singh, 2004; Lebot et al., 1991
Pistacia veraPistachioAnacardiaceaeInterspecific introgressionPutativePistacia atlantica, P. chinensis subsp. integerrimaHomoploidKafkas et al., 2001
Pisum abyssinicumAbyssinian PeaFabaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedUncertain (Pisum fulvum and other Pisum species)HomoploidVershinin et al., 2003
Pisum sativumPeaFabaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedUncertain (Pisum sativum subsp. elatius and other Pisum species)HomoploidVershinin et al., 2003
Plinia caulifloraJaboticabaMyrtaceaeIntraspecific hybridization, interspecific hybridizationPutativePlinia 'Jaboticaba' and 'Cauliflora' germplasm; P. peruvianaHomoploidBalerdi et al., 2006
Prunus cerasusCherryRosaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedPrunus avium and P. fruticosaPolyploid (tetraploid)2n=4x=32Tavaud et al., 2004; Olden and Nybom, 1968
Prunus domesticaPlumRosaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedUncertain (Prunus cerasifera and P. spinosaPolyploid (hexaploid)2n=6x=48Zohary, 1992; Hartmann and Neumuller, 2009Also hybridizes with other cultivated Prunus species
Prunus dulcisAlmondRosaceaeInterspecific introgressionConfirmedPrunus orientalis and other Prunus speciesHomoploidDelplancke et al., 2012; Delplancke et al., 2013
Pyrus speciesPearRosaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedMany speciesHomoploidSilva et al., 2014Also introgression with semidomesticated populations (see Iketani et al. 2009)
Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativusRadishBrassicaceaeIntraspecific introgressionConfirmedRaphanus raphanistrum subsp. raphanistrumHomoploidRidley et al., 2008
Rheum cultivated speciesRhubarbPolygonaceaeInterspecific hybrid originPutativeUnclearHomoploid relative to parentals (tetraploid)Foust and Marshall, 1991; Kuhl and Deboer, 2008Hybrids include: Rheum rhaponticum L., R. rhabarbarum L., R. palmatum L.
Rubus speciesRed raspberry, blackberry, tayberry, boysenberry, etc.RosaceaeAllopolyploid origin, interspecific hybridizationConfirmedManyPolyploidAlice et al., 2014; Alice and Campbell, 1999
Saccharum speciesSugarcanePoaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedSaccharum officinarum and S. spontaneumPolyploidVariable, 2n=10-13x=100-130Grivet et al., 1995; D'Hont et al., 1996
Secale cerealeRyePoaceaeInterspecific hybrid originConfirmedUncertain (Secale montanum, S. vavilovii)HomoploidBartos et al., 2008; Korzun et al., 2001; Hillman, 1978; Tang et al., 2011; Salamini et al., 2002
Sechium eduleChayoteCucurbitaceaeInterspecific introgressionPutativeSechium compositumHomoploidNewstrom, 1991
Setaria italicaFoxtail milletPoaceaeInterspecific introgressionConfirmedSetaria viridisHomoploidTill-Bottraud et al., 1992
Solanum species section PetotaPotatoSolanaceaeInterspecific hybrid origin, allopolyploid origin, interspecific introgressionConfirmedIncluding Solanum tuberosum, S. ajanhuiri, S. curtilobum, S. juzepczukiiHomoploid and PolyploidRodriguez et al., 2010; Eggers et al., 2021[2]
Solanum lycopersicumTomatoSolanaceaeIntraspecific introgression, interspecific introgressionConfirmedSolanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme and S. pimpinellifoliumHomoploidBlanca et al., 2012; Causse et al., 2013; Rick, 1950
Solanum melongenaEggplantSolanaceaeInterspecific hybrid origin, interspecific introgression, intraspecific introgressionConfirmedSolanum undatum. and other Solanum species; wild S. melongena (= S. insanum)HomoploidKnapp et al., 2013; Meyer et al., 2012Hybrid origin is not confirmed, but introgression is well documented
Solanum muricatumPepino dulceSolanaceaeInterspecific hybrid origin, interspecific introgressionLikelySolanum species in Series CaripensiaHomoploidBlanca et al., 2007Polyphyletic origin and extensive, ongoing introgression with wild species
Solanum tuberosumPotatoSolanaceaeIntraspecific HybridConfirmedDiploid potato lines crossed with S. chacoense containing Sli geneHomoploidLindhout et al., 2011
Spondias purpureaJocoteAnacardiaceaeInterspecific introgressionPutativeSpondias mombinHomoploidMiller and Schaal, 2005
Theobroma cacaoCacao (Trinitario-type)MalvaceaeIntraspecific hybrid originConfirmedTheobroma cacao 'Forastero' and 'Criollo' germplasmHomoploidYang et al., 2013
Triticum aestivumBread wheat, speltPoaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedTriticum turgidum (tetraploid) with Aegilops tauschiiPolyploid (hexaploid)2n=6x=42Matsuoka, 2011; Dvorak, 2012
Triticum turgidumEmmer wheat, durum wheatPoaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedTriticum urartu and Aegilops speltoidesPolyploid (tetraploid)2n=4x=28Dvorak et al., 2012; Matsuoka, 2011; Yamane and Kawahara, 2005
Vaccinium corymbosumHighbush blueberryEricaceaeInterspecific hybrid origin, interspecific introgressionPutativeVaccinium tenellum, V. darrowii, (V. virgatum, V. angustifolium)UncertainVander Kloet, 1980; Bruederle et al., 1994; Lyrene et al., 2003; Boches et al., 2006Possible hybrid origin during the Pleistocene
Vanilla × tahitensisTahitian vanillaOrchidaceaeAllopolyploid originConfirmedVanilla planifolia and V. odorataPolyploidVariable, 2n=2x(4x)=32(64)Lubinsky et al., 2008
Vitis rotundifoliaGrapeVitaceaeInterspecific introgressionConfirmedMany Vitis speciesHomoploid2n=2x=38Reisch et al., 2012; This et al., 2006
Zea maysMaizePoaeceaeIntraspecific introgressionConfirmedWild Zea mays (teosinte, =subsp. parviglumis)HomoploidVan Heerwaarden et al., 2011; Hufford et al., 2013

References

  1. "Lilium Hybrids". Pacific Bulb Society. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
  2. Eggers, Ernst-Jan; Burgt, van der; Heusden, van; W., Sjaak A.; Vries, de; E., Michiel; Visser, Richard G. F.; Bachem, Christian W. B.; Lindhout, Pim (2021-07-06). "Neofunctionalisation of the Sli gene leads to self-compatibility and facilitates precision breeding in potato". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 4141. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24267-6. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 8260583. PMID 34230471.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.