Crested owl

The adult form has two colour morphs: a dark and a pale morph.[6] A third greyish morph has been described, but it is restricted to the subspecies Lophostrix cristata stricklandi [4]

The dark morph has an overall chocolate-brown colour, with the Crown, facial disk and upper breast in the same deep chocolate colour. The wing coverts and primaries are dotted with white and all flight feathers are barred light and dark. The tail feathers are chocolate brown with some darker mottling and the throat is pale buff.[4]

The light morph individuals have a rufous-brown overall colour and the upper breast has a dark brown collar.[4]

The crested owl is found in Central America and northern South America, where it occurs in Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. It is found in the Amazon Basin except in the north-west basin region with western Guyana, Venezuela, and central-eastern Colombia.

The crested owl natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. They live up to 1000m in altitude,[7] and are found in higher abundance where there is undergrowth and the presence of snags.[8] Crested owls also prefer proximity with water. They favor old growth, however they will also occur in undisturbed secondary growth forest.[9] More specifically, they are most abundant in old floodplain forest and are least abundant in primary seasonally flooded swamp forest.[10]

In Mexico, they are found in tropical evergreen and semi-deciduous forests, riparian areas, clearings and foothills.[7]

The crested owl breeds during the dry or early wet season and apparently nest in naturally occurring holes of mature trees.[4]

This owl feeds mainly on large insects, and they are thought to feed on small vertebrates as well. Bats are estimated to represent only 5% of owl's diet, but they are known to be opportunistic predators. Recent observations described two crested owl preying on Seba's short tailed bat in mist nets.[8]

The characteristic call of the crested owl is usually given when they are perched high in the canopy. The call is low but far carrying Gooooorrr or Broorrr. [5] The song resembles a frog-like croak and can be mistaken by the call of the Bare-Throated Tiger Heron. The song begins with a stuttering rattle k-k-kkkk, which accelerates to a deep, rough and guttural krrrrrao. At a distance the first introductory notes are inaudible. The song is repeated at intervals of a few seconds.[4]

Crested owls tend to be more vocal towards the summer solstice.[11]